Articles

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*¹Bhuyan Nadugopal, ¹Swain Sabhya Sampada, ¹Ojha Sudip Kumar, ²Meher Chaitanya Prasad
¹Gayatri Institute of Science and Technology, Gunupur, Rayagada,765022, Odisha
² The Pharmaceutical College,Tingipali,Barapali,Dist-Bargarh,Odisha
*nadugopal.1997@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:- The radioactive agents used in the nuclear medical field are called radiopharmaceuticals. A radiopharmaceutical is a drug, that contains a radionuclide in the form of a simple salt or a complex.  It may exist as a solid, liquid, gas or a pseudo gas. It is used in nuclear medicine for the diagnosis and therapy of many diseases. The chemical and physical identity and a form of a radiopharmaceutical are very important because in each case, once administered the radiopharmaceutical is intended to target certain tissues, binding sites, biochemical pathways. As the use of image has been increased, so has the use of prescription medications. These trends increase the risk of interactions between medications and radiopharmaceuticals. Many of the radiopharmaceuticals used for the diagnostic purpose, like C14 for pancreatic study and breath test, Cr51used for red cell volume and GFR measurement, Co57 used for gastrointestinal absorption. In radiopharmaceuticals, technetium has a versatile activity due to its large usage.  This review article describes the production of radiopharmaceutical, types of radiation source used in healthcare, diagnostic imaging technique, therapeutic application as well as advantage and disadvantage of radiopharmaceuticals or radiation therapy. The main aim of this review article is to describe how radiation source or radiopharmaceuticals affect the healthcare system.

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Deepak Chowrasia* Dr. Nisha Sharma
University Institute of Pharmacy, CSJM University,
Kanpur, U.P.-208024, India
*chowrasia.deepak@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Moisture content affects not only the physiochemical property of an organic or inorganic compound but also markedly deviate its stability if present beyond a specific concentration. Numerous methods were available and has been hand-to-hand adopted to determine the water content among which Karl Fischer titration hold a distinct position owing to its simplicity, accuracy, and cost effective measurement. The following paper presented here precisely defines some of the aspects of same.

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About Authors:
*R. Natarajan., Abirami. M, , Pavan kumar J, G. Murugananthan
Department of Pharmaceutics & research
Swamy Vivekanandha College of pharmacy
Tamil Nadu,  India
*svcpnatarajan@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
The work was carried out to formulate and evaluate the matrix transdermal patches of Lamivudine for the controlled delivery of drug in the body. The transdermal patches were prepared by the solvent casting method using Span-80 as a permeation enhancer and were prepared in different drug: polymer (Lamivudine: HPMC and Lamivudine: EC) ratios of 1:2.5, 1:5, without permeation enhancers and with permeation enhancers. The prepared transdermal patch were found to be good physicochemical properties, shows no skin irritation on the rat skin and  subjected to in vitro drug permeation study by using rat skin in phosphate buffer pH 7.4 for 24 hours. The comparative statistical analytical data (ANOVA) showed ‘p’ value < 0.0001 which suggest that the prepared formulation are extremely significant for transdermal delivery. The formulation (FPE2) ratio 1:5 of (Lamivudine: HPMC) patch with permeation enhancer showed best result among all the formulation. This formulation (FPE2) was subjected to in-vivo studies by using rat. The in-vivo studies of the patches were administrated transdermally to rat skin and while a standard solution of 10μg/ml was used as a control, and collected the plasma drug sample at different time interval and analyzed by HPLC. The in-vitro in-vivo correlation studies shows the regression value (R) 0.863 and correlated and to be linear.

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About Authors:
Utkranti D. Aher, *Tushar T. Shelke, Ekta P. Patel
JSPM’S Charak College of Pharmacy and Research,
Wagholi,  Pune
*tts.ccopr@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Now a day’s medication systems that need frequent dosing are always with problems. So there is thrust in the area of pharmaceutical research to develop novel formulations, which will enhance the therapeutic efficacy of the existing drug. The goal of this study is to provide detailed and different techniques of pelletization such as powder layering, suspension and solution layering, globulation, freeze, extrusion - spheronization, cryopelletization etc. It has some merits, demerits and its characterization as a tool in the multipariculate drug delivery system.etc. It also gives brief idea about the evaluation of pellets and application of pelletization technique. Evaluation of quality of the pellets is discussed with reference to the size distribution, shape, surface morphology, specific surface area, friability and  tensile strength.

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About Authors:
M. Manasa Rekha,
Department of Pharmacy Practice,
Annamacharya college of Pharmacy,
Rajampet, Andhra Pradesh,  India.
manasarekharoyal@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Clinical pharmacy is the branch of pharmacy in which pharmacists provide patient care that optimizes the use of medication and promotes health, wellness, and disease prevention. Clinical pharmacists care for patients in all health care settings but the clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics. Clinical pharmacists often work in collaboration with physicians, nurse practitioners and other healthcare professionals. The Clinical Pharmacist Stating explicitly that the clinical pharmacist cares for patients in all health care settings emphasizes two points: that clinical pharmacists provide care to their patients and that this practice can occur in any practice setting. The clinical pharmacist’s application of evidence and evolving sciences points out that clinical pharmacy is a scientifically rooted discipline the application of legal, ethical, social, cultural, and economic principles serves to remind us that clinical pharmacy practice also takes into account societal factors that extend beyond science.

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Amiya Kumar Ghosh*¹,Saptarshi Samajdar², Shiladitya Palit³,  Rupchand Pandit^4
1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, UTKAL UNIVERSITY, Bhubaneswar- 751004,Odisha, India.
²Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, CENTRAL UNIVERSITY OF PUNJAB, Bathinda-151001, Punjab, India
³Department of Pharmaceutics, IITBHU, Varanasi, India
⁴Department of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra Ranchi-835215, Jharkhand, India
^*amiyaghosh94@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis (TB) has been declared as a global health emergency by the World Health Organization(WHO). This has been mainly due to the emergence of multiple drug resistant strains and the synergy between tubercle bacilli and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a pathogenic bacteria species in the genus Mycobacterium and the causative agent of most cases of tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death in the world from a bacterial infectious disease. This antibiotic resistance strain lead to development of the new antibiotics or drug molecules which can kill or suppress the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.The need for new antiTB is persistent due to the emergence of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Here we aimto identify new drug targets in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by phylogenomics among the Mycobacterium tuberculosisandcomparative genomics to Homo sapiens. The proposed target discovery pipeline is largely independent of experimental data and based on the assumption that Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteins are likely to be essential if (i) there are no similar proteins in the same proteome and (ii) they are highly conserved across the Mycobacterium tuberculosisof mammals. We have performed an in silicocomparative analysis of metabolic pathways of the host Homo sapiens and the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv). Novel efforts in developing drugs that target the intracellular metabolismof M. tuberculosis often focus on metabolic pathways that are specific to M. tuberculosis. We have identified five unique pathwaysfor Mycobacterium tuberculosis having a number of 60 enzymes, which are nonhomologous to Homo sapiens protein sequences,and among them there were 55 enzymes, which are nonhomologous to Homo sapiens protein sequences.These enzymes were alsofound to be essential for survival of theMycobacteriumtuberculosisaccording to the DEG database. Further, the functional analysis using Uniprot showed involvement of all the unique enzymes in the different cellular components.

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ABOUT AUTHORS
Saptarshi Samajdar¹, Amiya Kr. Ghosh^2
1Centre for Pharmaceutical Sc. And Natural Products, Central University of Punjab
²Dept. of Pharmacy, Utkal University, Orissa
*saptarshisamajdar20@gmail.com

ABSTRACT: SesbaniaSesban Linn. (Family: Fabaceae) found all through the fields of India and ordinarily called as Jayanti. Herbals which shape a piece of our nourishment and give us an extra helpful impact are sought after and SesbaniaSesban Linn. is one of such plant. The plant has got great restorative significance. Blooms contain cyanidin and delphinidinglucosides, Pollen and dust tubes contain alphaketoglutaric, oxaloacetic and pyruvic acids. The leaves of Sesbania is additionally found to have hepatoprotective and powerful hostile to oxidant and against urolithiatic action. The ethanolic and fluid extraction of various parts of Sesbania. The present survey outlines the different pharmacological activities of Sesbaniasesban Linn.