• 5 October 2015

    DETERMINATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIFUNGAL AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITIES OF N-HEXANE, CHLOROFORM AND ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACTS OF MOMORDICA CHARANTIA LEAVES

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    ABOUT AUTHOR:
    Israt Jahan Bulbul
    Department of Pharmacy,
    Southeast University Banani, Dhaka, Bangladesh
    israt_jahanb872@yahoo.com

    ABSTRACT
    A study was conducted to determine the antibacterial and antifungal activitieswith minimum inhibitory concentration and cytotoxic activity of Momordica charantia (Family: Cucurbitaceae) leaves. In our present study, the antimicroial activity of n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions of the plant were investigated against a number of pathogenic Gram-positive (Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Sarcina lutea), Gram- negative (Salmonella paratyphi, Salmonella typhi, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio mimicus, Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella boydii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria and three funguses (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevesiae). Here the zones of inhibitions for the test samples (500 µg /disc) werecompared with that of reference standard (30 µg /disc) in determining antimicrobial activity. All the extracts showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activities against all the pathogenic bacteria except A. niger. The highest sensitivity for n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractionswas against gram positive bacteria B.cereus. Almost all the gram positive, gram negative bacteria and fungus were inhibited by ethyl acetate extract and showed better activity compared to n-hexane and chloroform extracts. All the three fractions were tested as antifungal against C. albicans and S. cerevesiae. They showed moderate activity against C. albicans whereas a very good activity against S. cerevesiae. But A. niger was not sensitive to the experimental extracts.Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) that is the lowest concentration at which the test sample shows its highest activity against microorganisms was tested by serial dilution method. The MIC for n-Hexane and chloroform extracts was against B. cereus (64 µg /ml).  The ethyl acetate extract exhibited antibacterial activity with MIC of 64 µg /ml against S. aureus, S. luteae, S. boydii, S. dysentereae and V. mimicus. The Brine shrimp lethality bioassay method was used to determine the cytotoxic activity and vincristine sulphate was used as positive control. The LC50 values of standard vincristine sulphate, n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate extract were 10.18 µg /ml, 24.71 µg /ml, 19.02 µg /ml and 30.38 µg/ml respectively which indicate the presence of bioactive compounds present in the plant extracts are promisingly cytotoxic.

  • 29 September 2015
    DIFFERENCE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ESTIMATION OF CAPECITABINE FROM TABLET DOSAGE FORM

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  • 28 September 2015
    AN OVERVIEW ON NIOSOMES A NOVEL VESICULAR APPROACH FOR OPHTHALMIC DRUG DELIVERY

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  • 27 September 2015
    TOMATO CUISINES: A DELECTABLE REJOINDER TO THREAT OF CHRONIC AILMENTS?

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    ABOUT AUTHORS:
    Vikram S. Chauhan1*, Bina Rani2, Priyanka Bishnoi3, Raaz K. Maheshwari3
    1    Department of Botany, SBRM Govt PG College, Nagaur, Rajasthan, India
    2Department of Engineering chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Poornima College of Engineering, Jaipur, India
    3Department of Chemistry, SBRM Government PG College, Nagaur, Rajasthan, India
    *vikkysingh2000@yahoo.com; rkmgreenchem.jaipur@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    With the advent of modern times, stress and pollution have led to major effect on rise of death toll due to chronic diseases. Such diseases are major cause of concern for the medical society. Lycopene, a carotenoid pigment found in tomatoes and its products has antioxidant properties due to the presence of numerous double bonds. Increased consumption of lycopene containing diet has been proposed to offer a protection against many types of cancers and cardio-vascular diseases. Its potential role as nutraceutical has been suggested in many studies. The present review deals with fundamental biochemistry, bio-availability and benefits of lycopene rich diet and its relation with some chronic diseases like various forms of cancers and cardiovascular diseases.

  • 25 September 2015
    BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF MANGIFERA INDICA (LINN) ON THE LIVER OF PLASMODIUM - INFECTED ALBINO MICE

    ABOUT AUTGHORS:
    *Olayode, Ahmed A1; Ofusori, David A1; Ogunniyi, Titus A. B2; Saka, Olusola S1; Ajayi, Olusoji C3; Adewole, Oluwole S1
    1Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
    2Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
    3Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
    *olayodeahmed01@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    This study was carried out to assess the biochemical effects of Mangifera indica on the liver function enzymes of Plasmodium – infected albino mice. Forty-two male Swiss albino mice, weighing between 20 and 25 g, were used for this research. The mice were randomly assigned into six groupsA, B, C, D, E and F of seven mice each. Groups B, C, D, E and F were infected with Plasmodium berghei. Group A was the negative control, group B was positive control. Mice in groups C, D and E were orally administered with Mangifera indica(MI) extract (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg body weight) respectively for 5 days starting from the 4th day of inoculation while mice in group F were orally administered with Artesunate for 5 days (3 mg/kg body weight on the first day and 1.5 mg/kg body weight for the next 4 days) starting from the 4th day of inoculation. The animals were left for another 14 days after treatment. Blood samples, collected through cardiac puncture, were centrifuged to obtain sera. Activities of ALT, AST and ALP as well as bilirubin concentration were measured from the sera using enzyme colorimetric methods. Dataobtained were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Mangifera indica extract has an ameliorative effect on the serum level of total bilirubin concentration but appeared to be less effective in reducing the activities of the liver function enzymes.

  • 21 September 2015
    STUDY ON AGARWOOD (AQUILARIA MALACCENSIS) TO EVALUATE ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF N – HEXANE, CHLOROFORM AND ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACTS

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  • 20 September 2015
    THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF TRITICUM AESTIVUM LINN. (WHEAT GRASS OR GREEN BLOOD THERAPY) IN THE TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF CHRONIC AND ACUTE DISEASES: AN OVERVIEW

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  • 14 September 2015
    EFFECT OF PULSATILLA ON POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME AND ITS ASSOCIATED CANCER

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    ABOUT AUTHORS:
    Debpratim Chakraborty
    Persuing M.Pharm (Pharmacognosy),
    Jadavpur University, West bengal.
    debpratim008@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is one of the most common female endocrine. Many papers reported the correlation between infertility that most eminently predisposes towards cancer in PCOS women from many years. From both clinical and experimental research one can conclude that correlation between PCOS and endometrial cancer is the strongest. Most studies on correlation between PCOS and ovarian cancer as well as breast cancer failed to show a link though Pulsatilla have a strong effect on it. Various synthetic drugs which mainly used in the treatment of PCOS and endometrial cancer but here the problem is those drugs has lots of side effect/Adverse effect so we should go with the natural product Pulsatilla Sp. Which is used on PCOSand various cancer. Pulsatilla is a well establish drug for PCOS with unknown mechanism of action. Deoxypodophyllotoxin, which was isolated from the roots of P. koreana, was found to inhibit the tube-like formation of HUVECs (human umbilical venous endothelial cells) and have a potent antitumor effect. The chemical constituent saponin D present in Pulsatilla root is responsible for the anti tumor activity. The results, which are expressed as Pulsatilla saponin D has such a potent antitumor effect (IR, 82 %) on a solid tumor, which is higher than Adriamycin (IR, 64%). 23-Hydroxybetulinic acid synthesized from Pulsatilla chinensis also shows anti tumoral activity. Though the potency of pulsatilla sp. Are less than synthetic marketed drugs but by structural modification we may get potent anti canceral agent with least toxicity by Pulsatilla.

  • 13 September 2015
    BIODEGRADABILITY AND WASTE MANAGEMENT OF JAIPUR FOOT

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    ABOUT AUTHORS:
    Anil Kumar Jain1*, Mona Kejariwal2
    1 Dr. P.K. Sethi Rehabilitation Centre, Santokba Durlabhji Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
    2Department of Botany, R.D. National and W.A. Science College,  Bandra (west), Mumbai, India.
    *anil.rehab64@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    Designed in and named after Jaipur, India, the prosthetic foot was designed to be inexpensive, water-resistant, and quick to fit and manufacture. Several field trials case studies were made and this artificial aid was found to be very comfortable and acceptable to the amputee population following floor sitting culture.  The quality assertion and standards related to these prostheses at affordable cost assume great significance especially for India and other developing countries. Environmental issues such as biodegradability of various components like microcellular rubber, tread rubber, nylon cord, cushion compound and skin colour rubber and other. It is necessary that biodegradation issues should be widely held at various platforms beside its bioengineering and designing issues for proper handling and storage concerns. Approval standards and quality control should be a part of the development effort prior to regular production and use of these low cost prostheses.

  • 11 September 2015
    REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS AND REGISTRATION PROCESS OF GENERIC DRUGS IN CHINA

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