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A REVIEW ON ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR RANOLAZINE DETERMINATION IN SYNTHETIC MIXTURE

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
Patel Vishakha. D.*, Raj Hasumati, Gheewala Nirav
Department of Quality Assurance,
Shree Dhanvantary Pharmacy College, Kim, Surat
vishuk7293@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Ranolazine is a piperazine derivative is a new anti-ischemic drug for the treatment of angina.
Ranolazine is to inhibit late INa thus preventing sodium overload of the cell. As a consequence, ranolazine prevents reverse mode sodium–calcium exchange and thus diastolic accumulation of calcium possibly resulting in improved diastolic tone and improved coronary blood flow.
This review article represent the various analytical methods which has been reported for estimation of Ranolazine in synthetic mixture. The spectrophotometric techniques like fluorescent assay and area under curve spectroscopy; Chromatogrraphic methods like HPLC, HPTLC and RP HPLC, GC, LC-MS, LC-MS/MS were reported.

INTRODUCTION(1):
Ranolazine is -(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl piprazine-1-yl}acetamideis piprazine derivative appears as white to off white crystalline powder. The drug is freely soluble in Methanol. Ranolazine is a strong base with pKa values of 13.6,Six-membered Piprazine Ring. Ranolazine melts at 122-124 degree C.



Figure:1  Structure of Ranolazine

MECHANISM OF ACTION(2)
Ranolazine a piperazine derivative is a new anti-ischemic drug for the treatment of angina.Ranolazine is to inhibit late INa thus preventing sodium overload of the cell. As a consequence, ranolazine prevents reverse mode sodium–calcium exchange and thus diastolic accumulation of calcium possibly resulting in improved diastolic tone and improved coronary blood flow.

As a late INa inhibitor, ranolazine was also shown to increase action potential duration and thus modestly QT interval by 2–5 ms.  This effect, however, is not heart rate-dependent and cannot be exaggerated during bradycardia. Furthermore, ranolazine does not induce early after depolarization and does not increase dispersion of repolarization across the left ventricular wall.(2)



Figure 2: Mechanism of Ischaemia

It is act via selective inhibition of the late inward sodium current (INa) in cardiac muscle cells. This reduces intracellular sodium accumulation and calcium overload, and consequently improves myocardial relaxation and decreases left ventricular diastolic stiffness.

Ranolazine is administered orally and metabolize by CYP3A and excreted in intestine (5%) and in urine

1. Analytical Method

A.    CompendialMethod:
Ranolazine is not official in Pharmacopoeia.

B. Reported Method:

I.  Chromatographic Methods:
The high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)for Ranolazine estimation. GC method for residual solvent determination in Ranolazine. HPTLC method are widely used chromatographic methods in the analysis of Ranolazine in Formulation. LC-MS/MS, LC-MS and UHPLC use for estimation of Ranolazine in Plasma. RP HPLC method also developed for determination of concentration of Ranolazine in human serum and also for simultaneous determination of Ranolazine and Dronederone.

Table No.1: Summary of Chromatographic Method of Ranolazine

Title

Method

Mobile phase

Stationary phase

Wave Length

Reference

Ranolazine in bulk & marketed formulation

HPLC & UV

Methanol : 0.5% tri ethyl amine pH 6 with orthophosphoric acid (75:25)

-

271

3

Estimation of Ranolazine HCL in Tablet Dosage Form

RP-HPLC

Buffer : Acetonitrile(60:40),(pH adjust with triethylamine

Inertsil ODS C18

224 nm

 

4

Determination of Ranolazine HCL in bulk and dosage form

LC

Methanol : water (99:1 %,V/V)           

HiQ Sil C18HS

273 nm

5

Quantitation of Ranolazine in rat plasma

LC

Acetonitrile : water : formic acid : 10% n-butylamine (70:30:0.5:0.08, v/v/v/v)

Nova-Pak C18 column

 

-

6

Determination of Ranolazine in human plasma

HPLC

Acetonitrile: 0.1% formic acid(90?10)

Agilent-ZORBAX C18 column

 -

7

Estimation of Ranolazine in Human Plasma

LC

methanol–10mM ammonium acetate (60:40 v/v, pH 4.0)

Zorbax extend C18 column

 

  -

8

Ranolazine HCL in bulk and tablet dosage form

HPTLC

Chloroform: methanol : toluene (5 : 1 : 1 v/v/v)

silica gel aluminium plate 60 F – 254

273 nm

9

Determination of residual solvents in Ranolazine

GC

  -

HP-INNOWAX column

 -

10

II. UV spectroscopic method
First order derivative spectroscopy and Area Under curve spectroscopic technique was developed for simultaneous determination of Ranolazine was developed.

Table No.2: Summary of UV spectroscopic method

Title

Method

Wavelength

Linearity and R2

Recovery

REF.

Estimation of Ranolazine in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulation

 UV method

272 nm

10-100 µg/ml

99.77-100.33 %

11

Estimation of Ranolazine in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form

First order derivative spectroscopic method

263 nm and 282 nm

10-35 µg/ml and

0.9992

   -

12

Estimation of Ranolazine in API and tablet formulation

Area under curve method

261nm and 281 nm

75-200 µg/mland 0.998

99.42-99.97 %

13

Table No.3: HPLC Method for simultaneous estimation of Ranolazine and Dronederone

Title

Method

Mobile phase

Stationary phase

Wave length

Ref.

Simultaneous estimation of Ranolazine and Dronederone in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms.

HPLC

0.02N NH2PO4 buffer (pH 4) : Acetonitrile (50 :50 V/V)

ODS column

282 nm

 

14

Discussion
Presented systematic review covers the current analytical methods for the determination of Ranolazine and its combination in pharmaceutical and biological samples like serum and plasma. HPLC method were found to be most widely use for Ranolazine. Various chromatographic conditions are presented in table.

Conclusion
The sensitivity, specificity, and better separation efficiency enable HPLC to be used frequently for simultaneous qualitative and quantitative determination of Ranolazine. The presented information is useful for the future study for researcher involved in formulation development and quality control of Ranolazine.

REFERENCES:
1. Ranolazine Drug Info.(database available on internet):Drug Bank. Available from: drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00243 ran Ranolazine Drug Info.(database available on internet):Chemical Book. Available from: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/ranolazine
Ranolazine Drug Info.(database available on internet):Chemical Book. Available from: scbt.com/datasheet-212769-ranolazine.html
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11. J.K, K.R, R.K, N.S, “Method development and Validation for the Estimation of Ranolazine in Bulk and in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form by UV-Spectrophotometry.”Annals of Pharma Research , 2013, 1(1), 4-7
12.  Ugale J. B, Mulgund S. V, “Development and Validation of UV Spectrophotometric Area under cure method for Quantitative Estimation of Ranolazine in API and Tablet Formulation.”World journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2015,4(5), 2665-2672
13. Guada M, Imbuluzqueta E, Estella-Hermoso de Mendoza A, Lana H, Dios-vieitez M.C, Blanco-Prieto M.J, “Ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for cyclosporine a quantification in biological samples and lipid nanosystems.”J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biome Life Sci., 2013, 927, 164-172
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REFERENCE ID: PHARMATUTOR-ART-2399

PharmaTutor (Print-ISSN: 2394 - 6679; e-ISSN: 2347 - 7881)

Volume 4, Issue 4

Received On: 11/10/2015; Accepted On: 21/10/2015; Published On: 01/04/2016

How to cite this article: Patel VD, Raj H, Gheewala N; A Review on Analytical Methods for Ranolazine determination in synthetic mixture; PharmaTutor; 2016; 4(4); 28-31

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