Articles

IN NEXT 25 YEARS PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES/MEDICAL SCIENCES PHRASE WILL BE OBSOLETE, AS SMART BODY WILL COME IN AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE WILL PLAY CRUCIAL ROLE

ABOUT AUTHOR
Dr. Amit Gangwal
gangwal.amit@gmail.com

A new set of global guidelines on managing diabetes (that plan to replace those followed nearly for thirty years) has been released by American College of Physicians, organization comprising internal medicine physicians. The same has been published in medical journal Annals of Internal Medicine. It says clinicians should aim to achieve an HbA1c level between 7% and 8% in most patients with type 2 diabetes (against the current 6.5 to 7%). This new figure has caused disagreement within the medical community. Medical practitioners in India opine that this may lead to serious complications in diabetics; so it should be ignored for Indians. There were around 72 million diabetics in India in 2017 (as per International Diabetes Federation). HbA1c is long-term blood sugar target, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) and it is an estimation of a person’s average blood sugar level over the past few months1.

SELF MEDICATION: REASONS OF SELF CARE IN PHARMACY STUDENTS

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ABOUT AUTHORS
Muthyala Nagavamsidhar*1 , Athifa Benzeer1, Suman A1., Altaf M.1, Qadrie ZL.2
*1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Pratishta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suryapet, Hyderabad, Telangana
2 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Pratishta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suryapet, Hyderabad, Telangana

ABSTRACT:
Background: A self medication is most common in almost all countries on the globe. The practice of self care is high in both educated and uneducated population .These practice of self medications has both beneficial and potential risk and need proper knowledge towards the self care.
Objectives: The objectives of study were: To know the reason for self medications and to determine the practice of self medication for various illness and use of over -the -counter drugs
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a validated self-administered, questionnaire was used to collect data among pharmacy students.
Results: Of the 117 students, 36 were males and 81 were females. Out of 117 students, 53 students practice self medications for minor illness and remaining reported  various reasons for self care. Most commonly consumed OTC medications are analgesics for fever and pain.

A REVIEW ON THE PREPARATION METHODS OF CURCUMIN NANOPARTICLES

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ABOUT AUTHORS
S. Dhivya*, DR. A. N. Rajalakshmi
Department of Pharmaceutics, Mother Theresa Post Graduate and Research Institute of Health Sciences,  Gorimedu, Puducherry-605006, India.

ABSTRACT:
Design and development of herbal nanoparticles has become a frontier research in the nanoformulation arena. Curcumin is the main bioactive component contained in Curcuma longa, largely employed in traditional medicine. Recently, beneficial properties, useful for prevention and treatment of several disorders, have been discovered for this compound. Although curcumin has shown therapeutic efficacy against many human ailments, one of the major problems with curcumin is its poor bioavailability, which appears to be primarily due to poor absorption, rapid metabolism, and rapid systemic elimination. Therefore introduction of nanotechnology provides a solution towards increased bioavailability of curcumin. In this review, the various methods of preparation of curcumin nanoparticles are briefly discussed.

A STUDY OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF PUNE

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ABOUT AUTHOR
Steffi Jerry Mammen
Inamdar Multispeciality Hospital,
Pune, Maharashtra

ABSTRACT:
Purpose: To study the adverse drug reactions (ADR’s) reported from wards and critical units in a tertiary care hospital of Pune. The adverse drug reactions were analyzed by Naranjo’s algorithm scale and Hartwig severity assessment scale and the outcomes were studied.
Methods:  This observational and cross-sectional study was conducted for 6months from November 2016-May 2017 in an inpatient setting of a tertiary care hospital of Pune. The data collection was done only in wards and critical units. Patients of all age groups and either sex were included in this study. The adverse drug reactions were assessed for their causality and severity by performing the Naranjo’s algorithm scale and Hartwig’s scale respectively. The outcomes were studied. Data analysis was done by descriptive statistics.
Result: Total 50 adverse drug reactions were reported from wards and critical units. 21-30 years age group was reported to have more adverse drug reactions. The most commonly affected organ is the Skin 32 (71.11%), followed by Respiratory system 3 (6.66%) and nervous system 3 (6.66%). Vancomycin 5 (20%) was the drug having majority of the ADR’s. The commonly reported ADR in this study was rash and itching 29 (64.44%). According to Naranjo’s algorithm scale, 23 (51.11%) suspected ADR’s were probable, 17 (37.77%) ADR’s were possible and 5(11.11%) were definite. As per Hartwig’s severity assessment scale, majority of the ADR’s were mild 21 (46.66%), followed by moderate 20 (44.44%) and severe 4 (8.88%). The outcome of the ADR’s was all recovered 38 (84.44%) during the study period.
Limitations: Study was conducted only in wards and critical units not in all departments of the hospital. Some of the ADR’s have gone un-reported by Resident Medical Officer (RMO) due to increased work pressure, lack of awareness or busy environment.

HEPATITIS; CRISIS OF PEOPLE

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ABOUT AUTHORS
SUMAN A*, Nagavamshidhar M, SRIKANTH J, QADRIE ZL
Department of Pharmacy Practice,
Pratishta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Suryapet, Telangana, India

ABSTRACT:
Hepatitis is a viral infection which can leads to the inflammation of liver. The injury is occurred to the liver due to the inflammation of hepatic cells. The auto immune hepatitis occurred when the body makes antibodies against its own hepatocytes (or) liver cells. Hepatitis is an inflammation that can be shelf limited or can progress to fibrosis, liver cancer, and cirrhosis. The hepatitis word comes from the ancient Greek, it means, heap-liver cities: inflammation the first hepatitis discussed in 1963 when Dr Baruch Blumberg discovered an antigen that detected in blood samples. HAV severity is increased with the age; this is lead to outbreaks of HAV. HAV vaccination was developed in 1990s; it is thermo-stable and acid resistant. All viruses are classified according to their virion properties like morphology, physiochemical properties and physical properties, genome, lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, genome organization and replication. HBV is a global health problem that can leads to the liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The majority of liver transplantations occurred due to the HCV infection. The pathophysiology is not completely understood, the virus is reached to the liver but exact mechanism not known, the HVE replicated in Gastro-intestinal tract it before enter to the liver. The study was mainly done because of the common people  have lakh of knowledge on about hepatitis, they are suffered a lot due to this disease  by doing this type of reviews reveals that  how the common peoples are suffered, how to improve health information and communication to people in  health care system. Health care team and system  improve the information provided to people regarding the current issues of diseases, treatments and preventing measures based on this type of reviews.

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MICROENCAPSULATED GLIMEPIRIDE PRODUCED BY THE EMULSION - SOLVENT EVAPORATION METHOD

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ABOUT AUTHORS
P. S. Bhandare 1, V.G Gharge 2.
1*Department of Pharmacology,
GIPER, Satara, Maharashtra, India.
2 Department of Pharmaceutics,
GIPER, Satara, Maharashtra, India.

ABSTRACT
"The objective of the present investigation was to formulate and evaluate microencapsulated  Glimepiride produced by the emulsion - solvent evaporation method. Microparticles were prepared using Eudragit RLPO by emulsion solvent evaporation and characterized for their micromeritic properties, encapsulation efficiency, particle size, In vitro release studies were performed in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). The resulting microparticles obtained by solvent evaporation method were free flowinging nature. The mean particle size of microparticles ranges from 140.40 - 173.90 μm and encapsulation efficiency ranges from 90.46 – 93.09%. Eudragit RLPO microparticles containing Glimepiride could be prepared successfully by using an emulsion solvent evaporation technique, which will not only sustain the release of drug but also manage complicacy of the diabetes in a better manner.

INVITRO STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF TERMINALIA ARJUNA IN ADIPOCYTE 3T3 - L1 CELL LINES

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ABOUT AUTHORS
Ranjitha B1, Dinesh Bhaskar1, Balasubramanian Sathyamurthy2
1 Department of Biochemistry,
Reva Institute of Science and Management, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
2 Department of Biochemistry,
Ramaiah College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

ABSTRACT: 
The leaves of Terminalia Arjuna are commonly known as Arjuna. It is used as traditional medicinal plant distributed throughout the greater part of the Indian Peninsula along rivers and found in Sub-Himalayan tract, Chota Nagpur, Orissa, West Bengal, Punjab, Deccan and Konkan it has many medicinal properties like anti bacteria, anti inflammatory and used for the treatment of Asthama, Bronchities. These leaf extracts are found to have antioxidant, anticancer and antidiabetic activities. Out of many constituents arjunolic acid is the active principle which is responsible for antidiabetic effects. The present work was aimed to study the effect of Terminalia arjuna. Methanolic extracts on adipocyte 3T3-L1cell line and found the phytochemical compounds of Terminalia arjunaleaves have more inhibitory scavenging and more antidiabetic activities

NUTRACEUTICAL: A NEW SCOPE AND OPPORTUNITY OF HEALTHCARE

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ABOUT AUTHORS
Abhishek Kumar*, Sandhya Singh, Rajesh Kumar, Pankaj Maurya, Devendra Nath
Department of Pharmacy
Ashoka Institute of Technology and Management,
Varanasi, U.P., India

ABSTRACT
Nutraceutical from Nutrition and Pharmaceutical, in 1989. Nutraceuticals refers to foods having a medicinal effect on health of human beings. It consist of food supplements, herbal products, probiotics and prebiotics, medical foods meant for prevention and treatment of diseases. Major nutraceuticals posses multiple therapeutic effect with lacking of unwanted effects. A nutraceutical is demonstrated to have a physiological benefit or provide protection against chronic disease. I try to redefine functional foods and nutraceuticals. When food is being cooked or prepared using scientific intelligence with or without knowledge is called functional food. Thus, functional food provides the body with the required amount of vitamins, fats, proteins, carbohydrates, etc, needed for its healthy survival When functional food aids in the prevention, treatment of disease(s) and disorder(s) other than anemia, it is called a nutraceutical. Nutraceuticals are non toxic food components which claimed to possess multiple therapeutic benefits. Some popular nutraceuticals include glucosamine, ginseng, echinacea, folic acid, cod liver oil, omega-3 fatty acid(MUFA,PUFA), calcium-enriched orange juice, green tea, plant phenols etc.

ASSESSING THE DIMENSIONS OF HOSPITAL RECORDS (MEDICAL RECORDS) IN DELIVERING QUALITY OF SERVICE TO PATIENTS

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ABOUT AUTHORS
Kenneth Amoah-Binfoh1, Collins Marfo Agyeman2, Pradhyuman Singh Lakhawat1
1 Dept. of Business Studies,
SHUATS University, Allahabad, U.P, India.
2 Dept. of Business,
All Nations University, Koforidua, Ghana.

ABSTRACT
Medical records through which hospital statistics are generated serve as eyes and ears to the hospital administrator. Medical records are of importance to the hospital for evaluation of its services for better patients care. Failure of duty towards the patient is failure to maintain proper medical records. Recently, medical records have become very importance in the area of education and training of physicians and others being the basis for clinical research. Medical records make research effective and require scientific observational records. Medical records as perceived to be the instructions documented in a patients file serve as a means of communication between the physicians and other health professionals caring for the patient. The essence of medical record is to ensure continuity of care. Ensuring continuity of care means medical records must be comprehensive, planned, economical, time-honored and classified in a right way. Managing these records are found concerned with several types of problems. The record keeping, making use of the records, destroying the old records of no use; documenting the important records found useful to the researchers and the medical scientists. The objectives of this paper were to find the challenging dimensions of medical records in delivering quality of service to patients and to identify the significant role of medical records in delivering quality service to patients. The researchers employed systematic sampling with a population of about 123 which included nurses, medical records and admission office (clinic-administrative departments) with a desired sample size of 60. It was found that creating as one of the dimensions of medical record was very difficult to do. It was recommended that indexing or cataloguing should be more innovative and simple within time limit, so that the required papers or records are easily made available to the concerned person.

GREEN TEA –AN ANTIOXIDANT MYSTIC HERB

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ABOUT AUTHORS
SUNIL JAIN*, HARVINDER POPLI, GEETA AGGARWAL, MADHU GUPTA
Dept. of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University,
New Delhi -110017

ABSTRACT
It is worldwide accepted that green tea have supernatural property to fight against chronic diseases such as cancer and many more. The presence of polyphenols in green tea is having such property to protect against severe disease and have antioxidant potential. The purpose of this review to explore the beneficial antioxidant potential of green tea with compilation of previously published literature. Green tea is produced from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant has provided to be the most popular beverages worldwide. Now people from 160 countries in the world are accustomed to tea drinking although the amount of green tea consumption in worldwide is less than other tea and coffee. Generally, green tea has been found to be superior to black tea in terms of health benefits due to their greater health benefits their demands and popularities are enhanced. The processes used in the manufacture of black tea are known to decrease levels of the monometric catechins to a much greater extent than the less severe conditions applied to other teas. Green tea is accounted for to contain a large number of bioactive fixings which are nearly contributed by polyphenols which assumes a key part of counteractive action and treatment of numerous infections and diseases. The major polyphenols in green tea are catechins, epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin gallate (ECG) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). Epigallocatechin gallate is viewed as the most significant active component. This review highlights chapter will highlight the antioxidant activities of green tea that is connected with the high cell reinforcement parts of green tea. This article shows the advantages of green tea for its calming, cancer prevention agent potential and oral human services. Despite the fact that the human clinical information is as yet constrained, this article demonstrates that green tea has its place in both the traditional and elective medicinal groups.

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