Articles

ASSESS THE CLINICAL USAGE OF NEBULIZATION THERAPY AND ANTIBIOTICS IN IN-PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE: A RANDOMIZED PROSPECTIVE STUDY AT A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

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ABOUT AUTHORS
SPANDANA. M*, VAISHNAVI. M, PRAVALIKA. P, SUSMITHA. S, AMATUL ALI SAMEERA
Dept. of Pharmacy Practice
Sree Dattha Institute of Pharmacy,
Sheriguda (V), Ibrahimpatnam (M), Ranga Reddy, Telangana, India

ABSTRACT
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Our aim is to assess the clinical usage of Nebulization and Antibiotic therapy in COPD.
METHOD: An Observational, Prospective, Cohort study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital, Telangana State, India. A total of 102 patients from the In-patient department of Pulmonology in Gleneagles Global Hospital, who were prescribed Nebulizers and Antibiotics and those who fulfilled the exclusion and inclusion criteria were selected for the study which was conducted for 6 months. All information significant to the study was collected from the case records and discussion conducted with the In-patients and bystanders during ward rounds with the support of a physician which were analyzed by SPSS software. Moreover daily follow-ups were conducted to assemble data on amendment in therapy, add on therapy, and clinical improvement.
RESULTS: The Mean age was 66 years and Standard Deviation was 13 years of the population. 41% were smokers and 27% were alcoholics. The most commonly used Bronchodilator is Duolin with a percentage of 96%. The most commonly used antibiotic is Magnex Forte with a percentage of 41.1%. The most commonly used formulation is Orals with a percentage of 53%. 92% of individuals responded in a positive way after the Nebulization therapy with Oxygen therapy provided to them, as their SpO 2 levels with oxygen therapy changed to normal range.
CONCLUSION: Nebulization therapy had more clinical improvement when compared to Inhalational therapy. The addition of corticosteroids had decreased the patient stay in hospital. Antibiotics added to the treatment decreased the frequency of exacerbations. Antibiotics added to the treatment decreased the frequency of exacerbations. The patient should be educated about the rational use of the drugs and decrease the risk and exacerbations of COPD.

GASTRO ESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE

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ABOUT AUTHORS
T.vijayalaxmi1, N.mounika2,Nagavamsidhar3 Qadrie ZL*,4.
1, 2,3 Research Scholar, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Pratishta Institute of Pharmaceutical     Sciences, Suryapet, Hyderabad, Telangana
*, 4 Professor and Head, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Pratishta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suryapet, Hyderabad, Telangana

ABSTRACT
Gastro esophageal reflux disease is also known as GERD. It is a long term condition where stomach contents come back up into the esophagus. Resulting in either symptoms or complications. Symptoms include the taste of acid in the back of the mouth, heartburn, bad breath, chest pain, vomiting, breathing problems and wearing away of the teeth complications includes oesophagitis, esophageal strictures and Barrett’s esophagus. Recent studies have demonstrated that peripheral and central factors are pivotal for the emergence of symptoms after gastroesphageal reflux had occurs supporting the view the GERD is a sensory -motor disorder rather than motor disorder alone. The primary pathophysiologic event in GERD is the movement of acid, pepsin and other injurious substance from the stomach in to the esophagus. GERD is a common problem world-wide, the frequency and severity of GERD and severity of GERD and its complications such as burette’s esophagus and geographic variations. most studies from India suggests that these might be less in the Indian population on the other hand studies in a multiethnic population showed that people of Indian origin are at higher risk of GERD than ethnic Malay of Chinese.

A REVIEW ON ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR THE ESTIMATION OF RIZATRIPTAN, AN ANTIMIGRAINE DRUG

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ABOUT AUTHORS
Pushpa latha E*1, Sailaja B2
1,2 Dept. of Pharm. Analysis & Quality Assurance, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sri Padmavathi Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati, Andra Pradesh, India-517502

ABSTRACT
Rizatriptan is a selective serotonin receptor agonist of the 1B and 1D sub types used in the acute treatment of migraine attacks. Effective analytical procedures are required for qualitative and quantitative determination of a drug. An extensive literature survey has been conducted in various analytical and pharmaceutical journals and the analytical methods which were developed and used for estimation of Rizatriptan in single or in combination with other drugs in bulk drugs, pharmaceutical formulations, biological fluids, stability indicating and impurity profiling methods have been reviewed. Various analytical methods used for the estimation of Rizatriptan reviewed in this paper includes Ultraviolet spectrometry, Visible spectrometry, High performance thin layer chromatography, High performance liquid chromatography, Liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry.

MANAGING RATIONAL USE OF DRUGS IN BANGLADESH

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AK MOHIUDDIN
Faculty of Pharmacy, World University of Bangladesh

ABSTRACT
Despite substantial progress in drug manufacturing, irrational drug use, inappropriate prescribing, inadequate access to essential drugs are major problems affecting the total health care system badly of Bangladesh. Virtually, all the drugs are available without prescriptions and self-medications are highly common. Access to essential medicines is significantly less than that mentioned in the official documents. Price of essential medicines is not consistent and the drugs regulating authority does not have any control over pricing of drugs. In short, the economical development and educational flourishment doesn’t represent the health sector of Bangladesh.

Purpose: Discussion and projection of drug use and monitoring status in Bangladesh. The pharmacists have a vital role to play which is thoroughly discussed.

SOME NATURAL ISOLATED COMPOUNDS AS ANTICANCER AGENTS

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R. Mishra1, P. Barad1, N. Patel2, N. Patel3*
1Department of Pharmacy,
Shree S.K. Patel College of  Pharmaceutical  Education & Research
Ganpat University, Kherva, Mehasana Gujarat
2Department of Pharmacognosy,
Shree S.K. Patel College of  Pharmaceutical  Education & Research
Ganpat University, Kherva, Mehasana Gujarat
3Department of Pharmacology,
Shree S.K. Patel College of  Pharmaceutical  Education & Research
Ganpat University, Kherva, Mehasana Gujarat

ABSTRACT
Worldwide cancer is the major cause of death. Almost 8.8 million people died due to different types of cancer such as lung cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, stomach cancer, blood cancer etc. in 2015. Government of various countries and some private organizations are spending trillions dollars for the research in cancer.  According to report of WHO treatment cost of cancer is approximately US$ 1.16 trillion per year and this amount is increasing per year. Despite of huge work the exact cause of genesis is still unknown. Couples of therapies like chemotherapy, radiation, surgery and targeted therapy are available with some detrimental effect. Now scientists are seeking lead molecule from naturally occurring substances due to high safety margin as compared to current approaches. Natural phytochemicals are prominent strategy for prevention, treating, and curing cancer. There are many phytochemicals from herbs having potent anticancer property. Generally these phytochemicals treat cancer by different mechanisms like augmenting apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, targeting to some specific cancer inducing proteins, increasing cytotoxicity etc. This is our little attempt to gather information of phytochemicals having anticancer property such as Etoposide, Curcumin, Vincristine, etc. with postulated mechanism. Etoposide is effective in lung cancer, ovarian cancer by inhibiting type II Topoisomerase. Various research revealed that Curcumin is effective in different types of cancers by increasing apoptosis and targeting specific gene such as MDM2 oncogene is inhibited through the ETS2 transcription factor by modulation of signaling pathway PI3K/mTOR in breast cancer. Vincristine shows anticancer property by oncogenic EWS-FLI1 fusion protein inhibition which cause G2-M phase cell cycle arrest & reduce tumor. This review depicts few phytochemicals having anticancer property such as Etoposide, Curcumin, vincristine, etc. with possible mechanism.

OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER AND ITS CARE AN REVIEW

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ABOUT AUTHORS
1Anjani Srivarsha G , 3Nagavamsidhar M , 4Sai Teja D, 2Qadrie ZL.
1,3,4Research Scholar, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Pratishta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suryapet, Hyderabad, Telangana
2 Professor and Head, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Pratishta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suryapet, Hyderabad, Telangana

ABSTRACT:
Actually 14 to 16th century in Europe some people have experienced that sexual or other thoughts were by devil then the journey start. 1910, Sigmund Freud said that obsessions and compulsive behaviours are symptoms of OCD. Obsessive compulsory disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder. Obsessive compulsive disorder causes the brain stuck on a particular thought or urge. Actually  these  patients  are  having  a obsessive thoughts  means  they  always  occurring  of  images, several  thoughts or pictures over and over in the  mind. These thoughts or rituals can triggered more anxiety. These OCD patients can find out by the facts like washing, cleaning, checking and repeating. The  American  psychiatric  association said  that the females  are  more  affected  then  the  men. The  OCD is  a common , chronic  (long  lasting  disorder)  the  people  with  OCD can  feel  the  temporary  relief  from  the  anxiety if  the  person  can  untreated  then  they  cause  the  more  stress  and  the  effects  seen  on the  work, school  and  lead  to  serious  effects  on personal  relationships. Actually  obsessive compulsive disorder is a brain  injury , it involves  basal  ganglion (Eg: encephalitis  or  trauma) usually  there  is  no  neurologic  precipitant. The  evidence  suggesting  a selective  and  potent  serotonin(5-HT) reuptake  blocker drugs  are  successful  treatment in biological  basis of OCD. The drugs with the other mechanism of action have not been effective more. The neurotransmitter plays an important role in pathophysiology of obsessive compulsive disorder.

AN INCISIVE REVIEW OF NANOSENSORS

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Inderjeet Kaur, Navneet Kaur, Maninder Kaur
Department of Biotechnology, CT institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shahpur, Jalandhar, Punjab

ABSTRACT
Nanosensors are increasing expanding consideration because of the need to distinguish and measure chemical and physical properties in hard to achieve biological and industrial systems that are in the nano-scale locale. An option is given in the fast improvement of nanosensors which have favorable position to recognize sustenance segments in a simple and brisk way. Different kinds of nanosensors are being produced to meet the diverse necessities in food inspection (nanosensors for identification of outside and interior conditions in food packaging, carbon nanotubes based electrochemical sensors for recognition of cations, anions and organic compounds in nourishment, different aptamers for identification of pesticides, anti-microbials, overwhelming metals, microbial cells and poisons).

UPDATES ON THE AMENDMENTS MADE ON THE DRUGS AND COSMETICS RULE 1945 (AMENDMENT RULES 2018) ON LABELING OF MEDICINES RULES 96 & 97

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Godiyal Shrikant*, Panwar Sonu, Singh Lucky
Regulatory Affairs Department, Tirupati Medicare Limited, Paonta Sahib, HP, India

ABSTRACT:
Context: To update the amendments made in Gazette Notification for changes in the Manner of Labeling of Medicine as specified in Rule 96 & 97, which shall be required to be displayed on the inner most container and every outer in which the medicines are packed on the basis of Pharmacological Category of the product under which it falls. The label of OTC medicines plays an important role in conveying valuable information to the  patient for safe and effective use of OTC.
Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate the labelling of OTC  drugs in India as per the guidelines of US FDA. Objective: To prepare label of the medicines as per the mandatory information to be displayed on the label of the container so that the text matter on the label is clear, readable as shall fulfill the necessary requirements of Drug & cosmetic Act.

MUNTINGIA CALABURA (JAMAICA CHERRY ) : AN OVERVIEW

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S.Sarojini1, B.Mounika,2
1Department of Pharmaceutics, Shri Venkateshwara College of Pharmacy, Ariyur, Puducherry, India
2Department of Pharmaceutics, Nalanda College of Pharmacy, Nalgonda, Telangana, India

ABSTRACT
Muntingia, or JamaicaCherry, is a small, fast growing tree that can reach up to 40 ft. tall at full maturity. The soft leaves are evergreen and have an alternate phyllotaxy. Leaves are dark green on top and light green underneath. The small, white flowers feature yellow stamens in the center. The small, round fruits are abundant, and depending on the variety, have a red or yellow color. Fruits are edible raw or made into jam. The fruit possessed potent anti-inflammatory activity. The flowers have antiseptic and antispasmodic qualities, and are made into medicinal teas. The M. calabura leaves exhibited potential anti-proliferative and antioxidant activities. The present study on Muntingia is to give an overview on traditional uses and pharmacological activity.

EXTRACTION AND CHEMICAL TESTS ON Cicer arietinum SEED COLLECTED FROM NORTH BENGAL REGION OF WEST BENGAL, INDIA

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ABOUT AUTHORS
Mrinmoy Nag*1, Souvik Mukherjee2, Deepronil Roy3, Rakesh Kumar Paul4, Mir, Saidul Ali5
1School of Natural Product Studies,
Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
2 Department Of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products,
Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
3 Department of Zoology,
Chandernagore College, Chandernagore, Hooghly, West Bengal, India
4Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Karnataka, India
5 Department of Chemical Technology,
Central University Tripura, India

ABSTRACT:  Chickpea is the seed of the chickpea plant, Cicer arietinum, which belongs to the family fabaceae. It offers a range of health benefits which includes lowering cholesterol, regulating blood sugar level, aiding weight loss, improving heart health, fighting nervous system disorders, improving digestion and relieving constipation. So in this article we emphasis on the different solvent extraction and its chemical tests have been shown from the seeds collected from local market of Siliguri district of West Bengal, India.

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