Review Articles

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Patil N.B.*, Patil K.B., Wagh M.N., Patil A. A.
Department of Pharmacy,
Ahinsa Institute of pharmacy,
Dondaicha Tal-Shindakheda Dist-Dhule, Maharashtra, India

ABSTRACT
Indapamide is the Thiazide like diuretic drug used in treatment of Hypertension, as well as odema, Heart attack, stroke and heart failure in persons with high blood pressure. It is available in market single component and multicomponent formulations. The article summarizes 57 analytical method including the chromatographic method, LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography-mass spectroscopy), GC-MS (Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy), spectriflurometric and UV Visible spectrophotometry techniques for estimation of   Indapamide in biological samples, bulk and pharmaceutical formulation.

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AK MOHIUDDIN
Faculty of Pharmacy, World University of Bangladesh

ABSTRACT
After liberation, Bangladesh pharma industry was largely dominated by the import dependent MNCs. On or before 1982 ordinance, 75% of the market was dominated by the MNCs and the rest share was with the other 133 local companies. After NDP formulation and the Drug Control Ordinance, there was a dramatic change of reverse. By 1994, a few pharma companies achieved a tremendous growth and they reinvest their profit for faster return. By next decade, Bangladesh is aiming to 30 world class drug manufacturers to establish strong footstep in global pharma market. Bangladesh, as an LDC got exempted from the obligation of patent and data protection in this arena until 2033. Interestingly, Bangladesh already passed across the LDC landmark to a developing country. So, there’s window of opportunity of more than a decade to grow further from that aspect.

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Kajal V. Kosankar*, Dr. A.N. Aher
MVP samaj college of pharmacy, Gangapur road Nashik, Maharashtra, India

ABSTRACT
Ficus racemosa it belongs to family Moraceae syn. Ficus glomerata Roxb. is the major group of angiosperm (flowering plant). They are widely distributed throughout Asia, Africa, America, Australia, Himalayan ranges, Punjab, Khasia Mountain, Bihar, Orissa, Rajasthan, Deccan, China, Indonesia and Malaysia. Udumber is used from ancient time for treating the many diseases. This tree is used traditionally for public health. It is also called yajnodumbara and grows all over the India at different areas. The common name is ‘Audumbar’ and ‘Umbar’ and used in Unani, Ayurveda and Homeopathy. The leaves tender are used in kalasha prokshana it is sprinkle water to different places from a scared copper mug and the bark is used in Homa. In review macroscopically studies, microscopically studies and chemical constituents are studied on different parts of the plant. Traditional uses and pharmacological uses are described, the extraction of leaves, fruit, stem, bark and latex are done due to this the important constituents are isolated in respective solvent like ethanol, methanol, acetone, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and water. The more information is described below and the people are moving towards ayurvedic preparations.

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Mir Sahidul Ali¹, Souvik Mukherjee², Debayan Roy², Gargi Pal³, Subhajit Makar*^2
1Department of Chemical & Polymer Engineering, Tripura University (A Central   University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura 799022, India.
²School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab,Bathinda-155110, Punjab, India.
³ Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata- 700053, India.

ABSTRACT: Asparagus racemosus (A. racemosus) is a well-known medicinal plant due its various application in Ayurveda. It contains various type of secondary metabolite active natural products (or ingredients) such as steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, furan derivatives and essential oils. In the present scenario due to growing catastrophic effect of diseases in human life, researchers are trying to stop synthetic drugs by replacing with herbal drugs. Herbal drug treatments are in general used to provide first-line and public health provider, both to persons abode in faraway areas the place it is the only on hand wellness service, and to people residing in bad areas the place it offers the one cheap relief. In this point of view A. racemosus can show a new path of herbal treatment.

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Pushpa latha E*1, Sailaja B2
1,2 Dept. of Pharm. Analysis & Quality Assurance, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sri Padmavathi Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati, Andra Pradesh, India-517502

ABSTRACT
Rizatriptan is a selective serotonin receptor agonist of the 1B and 1D sub types used in the acute treatment of migraine attacks. Effective analytical procedures are required for qualitative and quantitative determination of a drug. An extensive literature survey has been conducted in various analytical and pharmaceutical journals and the analytical methods which were developed and used for estimation of Rizatriptan in single or in combination with other drugs in bulk drugs, pharmaceutical formulations, biological fluids, stability indicating and impurity profiling methods have been reviewed. Various analytical methods used for the estimation of Rizatriptan reviewed in this paper includes Ultraviolet spectrometry, Visible spectrometry, High performance thin layer chromatography, High performance liquid chromatography, Liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry.

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R. Mishra¹, P. Barad¹, N. Patel², N. Patel³*
¹Department of Pharmacy,
Shree S.K. Patel College of  Pharmaceutical  Education & Research
Ganpat University, Kherva, Mehasana Gujarat
²Department of Pharmacognosy,
Shree S.K. Patel College of  Pharmaceutical  Education & Research
Ganpat University, Kherva, Mehasana Gujarat
³Department of Pharmacology,
Shree S.K. Patel College of  Pharmaceutical  Education & Research
Ganpat University, Kherva, Mehasana Gujarat

ABSTRACT
Worldwide cancer is the major cause of death. Almost 8.8 million people died due to different types of cancer such as lung cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, stomach cancer, blood cancer etc. in 2015. Government of various countries and some private organizations are spending trillions dollars for the research in cancer.  According to report of WHO treatment cost of cancer is approximately US$ 1.16 trillion per year and this amount is increasing per year. Despite of huge work the exact cause of genesis is still unknown. Couples of therapies like chemotherapy, radiation, surgery and targeted therapy are available with some detrimental effect. Now scientists are seeking lead molecule from naturally occurring substances due to high safety margin as compared to current approaches. Natural phytochemicals are prominent strategy for prevention, treating, and curing cancer. There are many phytochemicals from herbs having potent anticancer property. Generally these phytochemicals treat cancer by different mechanisms like augmenting apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, targeting to some specific cancer inducing proteins, increasing cytotoxicity etc. This is our little attempt to gather information of phytochemicals having anticancer property such as Etoposide, Curcumin, Vincristine, etc. with postulated mechanism. Etoposide is effective in lung cancer, ovarian cancer by inhibiting type II Topoisomerase. Various research revealed that Curcumin is effective in different types of cancers by increasing apoptosis and targeting specific gene such as MDM2 oncogene is inhibited through the ETS2 transcription factor by modulation of signaling pathway PI3K/mTOR in breast cancer. Vincristine shows anticancer property by oncogenic EWS-FLI1 fusion protein inhibition which cause G2-M phase cell cycle arrest & reduce tumor. This review depicts few phytochemicals having anticancer property such as Etoposide, Curcumin, vincristine, etc. with possible mechanism.

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S.Sarojini¹, B.Mounika,^2
1Department of Pharmaceutics, Shri Venkateshwara College of Pharmacy, Ariyur, Puducherry, India
²Department of Pharmaceutics, Nalanda College of Pharmacy, Nalgonda, Telangana, India

ABSTRACT
Muntingia, or JamaicaCherry, is a small, fast growing tree that can reach up to 40 ft. tall at full maturity. The soft leaves are evergreen and have an alternate phyllotaxy. Leaves are dark green on top and light green underneath. The small, white flowers feature yellow stamens in the center. The small, round fruits are abundant, and depending on the variety, have a red or yellow color. Fruits are edible raw or made into jam. The fruit possessed potent anti-inflammatory activity. The flowers have antiseptic and antispasmodic qualities, and are made into medicinal teas. The M. calabura leaves exhibited potential anti-proliferative and antioxidant activities. The present study on Muntingia is to give an overview on traditional uses and pharmacological activity.

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Tabassum I. Hangad *, Rani S. Potawale
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
M. C. E. Society's Allana College of Pharmacy, Azam Campus ,Camp, Pune 411001.

ABSTRACT
Ivabradine is a specific heart rate lowering agent, acting by reducing the rate of pacemaker
activity in the sinoatrial node. Ivabradine is a novel heart rate lowering medicine for the symptomatic management of stable angina pectoralis and symptomatic chronic heart failure. In multicenter clinical trials, it has been proved that Ivabradine is superior to beta-blocking agents during complex therapy of chronic heart failure accompanied with its beneficial effects related to cardiac remodeling, improvement of the currency of heart failure and diminution of patients rehospitalisation. It is suggested that Ivabradine as a newer agent is a valuable perspective drug for the treatment of congestive heart failure. This review is useful for the future study for researcher involved in formulation development and quality control of Ivabradine.

This review article represents the various analytical methods which have been reported for estimation of Ivabradine in pharmaceutical dosage form. The spectrophotometric techniques and Q-absorbance ratio method were reported by the various authors. Many researchers also worked in chromatographic areas like Thin layer chromatography, High performance liquid chromatography, and High performance thin layer chromatography. Ivabradine is also studied by various hyphenated techniques .We reviewed and reported almost all analytical methods with more emphasis on chromatographic mrthodsfor Ivabradine. 

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S. Dhivya*, DR. A. N. Rajalakshmi
Department of Pharmaceutics, Mother Theresa Post Graduate and Research Institute of Health Sciences,  Gorimedu, Puducherry-605006, India.

ABSTRACT:
Design and development of herbal nanoparticles has become a frontier research in the nanoformulation arena. Curcumin is the main bioactive component contained in Curcuma longa, largely employed in traditional medicine. Recently, beneficial properties, useful for prevention and treatment of several disorders, have been discovered for this compound. Although curcumin has shown therapeutic efficacy against many human ailments, one of the major problems with curcumin is its poor bioavailability, which appears to be primarily due to poor absorption, rapid metabolism, and rapid systemic elimination. Therefore introduction of nanotechnology provides a solution towards increased bioavailability of curcumin. In this review, the various methods of preparation of curcumin nanoparticles are briefly discussed.