Pharmapedia

The term "expired" indicates that has come to its end. People hate expired medicine to be waste. To save money and avoid a trip to the doctor for a new prescription, many people do take expired drugs.

The expiration date indicated the date the manufacturer guarantees the full potency and safety of the drug. At the time of the medication expiry date, the drug must be at least 90% of the original potency under proper storage conditions. Drug's potency begins to reduce from the moment it is manufactured; it is not in anyway spontaneous after the expiry date. Expiration date doesn’t really indicate a point at which the medication is no longer effective or has become unsafe to use. Once the expiration date has passed there is no guarantee that an expired medicine will be safe and effective.

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ABOUT AUTHOR
Shashank Chaturvedi
Department of Pharmaceutics
Invertis Institute of Pharmacy,
Invertis University, Bareilly, U.P
shashank.c@invertis.org

ABSTRACT
The generic drug and branded drug is a confusing concept, and is a matter of serious concern for the pharmaceutical sector after the imposition of the rule that every physician should prescribe drugs with generic names legibly and preferably in capital letters and he/she shall ensure that there is a rational prescription and use of drugs. The generic drug should be bioequivalent before they can be prescribed as an alternative from their branded counterparts. The possible impacts over the Pharmaceutical Sector should be assessed before implementing this mammoth decision.

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ABOUT AUTHOR
Neha Bala, Naresh Mali*
Institute of Health Management Research, Jaipur
Rajasthan,  India
malinaresh888@gmail.com

“GST will be the best example of co-operative federalism. Together we will take India to new heights of progress. We continue to work with all parties and states to introduce a system that benefits all Indians and promotes a vibrant and unified national market. This reform will promote ‘Make in India,’ help exports and thus boost employment while providing enhanced revenue.” — Prime Minister of India, Mr. Narendra Modi, 3rd August 2016

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Dhrubo Jyoti Sen
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shri Sarvajanik Pharmacy College, Gujarat Technological University, Arvind Baug, Mehsana-384001, Gujarat, India
dhrubosen69@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT:
Aftershave is an important part of a man’s daily lifestyle routine. After shave is a liquid product applied to skin after shaving. It contains an antiseptic agent such as denatured alcohol, stearate/citrate or witch hazel to prevent infection of cuts, as well as to act as an astringent to reduce skin irritation. Menthol is used in some varieties as well to numb damaged skin and it is an ingredient that shaving cream manufacturers have started including in their formulations, too. Aftershave with alcohol usually causes an immediate burning sensation when applying it post-shave, with effects sometimes lasting several minutes, but most commonly only for seconds. For this reason, a market consisting of highly differentiated products has been created—some using alcohols, some not. Some aftershaves use fragrance or essential oil to enhance scent. Moisturizers—natural and artificial, are often touted as able to soften the skin. Rinse your face and neck with cool water next to help close up your pores before you apply the aftershave. Do not apply aftershave immediately after you have finished shaving since doing so might make your skin sore or irritated. Pat your face and neck dry gently with a towel. As you shave, feel free to keep applying shaving cream. When you're done shaving, wash the area generously with lots of warm water. When you shave, shower in warm water first to soften skin, then lubricate with a shaving cream or lotion, never dry shave. Assure you use a clean, sharp, razor and shave in the direction of hair growth. Once shaven those hair follicles are open, clean area well and apply a gently aftershave lotion or aloe vera gel. Keywords: Cologne, Moisturizer, Humectant, Denatured alcohol, Polyquaternium-10, Allantoin, Styptic

ABOUT AUTHOR
Vinay Kumar Singh.
Chief Research Officer
Parammount Cosmetics India Limited,
Bangalor, Karnataka
vinay@parammount.com

Many articles have been written on Colour Cosmetics. I too have written a few articles on Colour Cosmetics. A M. Tech. student of mine from ICT (formally UDCT of Mumbai University) called me to ask me to send him a write up on Colour Science and its impact on colour cosmetics; which prompted me to write this article which is an amalgam of Basics of colours, science behind colour and its usage in Cosmetics.

ABOUT AUHTOR
Vinay Kumar Singh.
Chief Research Officer
Parammount Cosmetics India Limited,
Bangalor, Karnataka
vinay@parammount.com

New Cosmetics Product Development, according to me is mix of Arts, Science and Management. Since my R.&D. days ofLakme when I was just a Chemist I was taught its significance and nuance. Over the period of more than 25 years that I have spent in R.&D. of various Organisation, I have learnt it better and it only compliments my learning in Lakme. Now let’s get into the arts,science and management of New Cosmetics Product Development and explore it.One must keep in mind that Development of New Cosmetics has to be done carefully as there are many variables that need to consider. Cosmetics is placed in market to make one look beautiful or attractive to others. It also alters the appearance obviously to look good. It enhances the level of confidence of consumer to face the world in this age of competition. As Cosmetics is connected to consumer’s aspiration, it must satisfy the need of consumer. Thus a new Cosmetics is developed keeping in mind, what consumer really requires and at what price. At times, it is a challenge to develop a Cosmetics meeting the demand of consumer at a price that they desire; but that is where role of R.&D. comes in picture and normally Industry launches Cosmetics as required by Consumer. While developing new Cosmetics,we must consider consumer as Emperor and satisfy his/her need without any compromise