The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Truxima (rituximab-abbs) as the first biosimilar to Rituxan (rituximab) for the treatment of adult patients with CD20-positive, B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) to be used as a single agent or in combination with chemotherapy. Truxima is the first biosimiliar to be approved in the U.S. for the treatment of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
Truxima is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with Relapsed or refractory, low grade or follicular, CD20-positive B-cell NHL as a single agent; Previously untreated follicular, CD20-positive, B-cell NHL in combination with first line chemotherapy and, in patients achieving a complete or partial response to a rituximab product in combination with chemotherapy, as single-agent maintenance therapy; and Non-progressing (including stable disease), low-grade, CD20¬ positive, B-cell NHL as a single agent after first-line cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone (CVP) chemotherapy.
Biological products are generally large, complex molecules and may be produced through biotechnology in a living system, such as a microorganism, plant cell or animal cell. A biosimilar is a biological product that is approved based on data showing that it is highly similar to a biological product already approved by the FDA (reference product) and has no clinically meaningful differences in terms of safety, purity and potency (i.e., safety and effectiveness) from the reference product, in addition to meeting other criteria specified by law.
The FDA’s approval of Truxima is based on a review of evidence that included extensive structural and functional characterization, animal study data, human pharmacokinetic data, clinical immunogenicity data, and other clinical data that demonstrates Truxima is biosimilar to Rituxan. Truxima has been approved as a biosimilar, not as an interchangeable product.
The most common side effects of Truxima are infusion reactions, fever, abnormally low level of lymphocytes in the blood (lymphopenia), chills, infection and weakness (asthenia). Health care providers are advised to monitor patients for tumor lysis syndrome (a complication of treatment where tumor cells are killed off at the same time and released into the bloodstream), cardiac adverse reactions, damage to kidneys (renal toxicity), and bowel obstruction and perforation. Patients should not receive vaccinations while in treatment. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should not take Truxima because it may cause harm to a developing fetus or newborn baby.
Like Rituxan, the labeling for Truxima contains a Boxed Warning to alert health care professionals and patients about increased risks of the following: fatal infusion reactions, severe skin and mouth reactions, some with fatal outcomes; Hepatitis B virus reactivation, that may cause serious liver problems including liver failure and death; and Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy, a rare, serious brain infection that can result in severe disability or death. This product must be dispensed with a patient Medication Guide that provides important information about the drug’s uses and risks.
The FDA granted approval of Truxima to Celltrion. Rituxan was approved in November 1997 and is manufactured by Genentech.
With the Truxima approval, the FDA has approved 15 biosimilars. On Oct. 30, 2018, the FDA approved Hyrimoz (adalimumab-adaz), from Sandoz, as a biosimilar to Humira (adalimumab) and on Nov. 2, 2018, the FDA approved Udenyca (pegfilgrastim-cbqv) from Coherus, as a biosimilar to Neulasta (pegfilgrastim).
