Articles

About Authors: 
Shakya Pragati*, Khwaja Sadiya,
Asst. Professor, Integral University,
Lucknow,
U.P, India

1.ABSTRACT
Transdermal delivery of medications was foreshadowed in earlier eras by the use of certain plasters and ointments. The mustard plaster, applied as a home remedy for severe chest congestion, may be considered an example. (This author remembers his mother making mustard plasters for members of the family.) Powdered mustard seed (Brassica nigra) was mixed with warm water, and the resulting paste was spread on a strip of flannel, which was applied to the patient’s chest with a cloth binding wrapped around the body to hold the plaster in place. The moisture and body warmth activated an enzyme (myrosin) in the mustard that hydrolyzed a glycoside (sinigrin), causing the release of the pungent active ingredient allyl isothio-cyanate (CH2=CHCH2NCS) (7). This substance possesses the qualifications listed above for transdermal absorption. A transdermal patch or skin patch is a medicated adhesive patch that is placed on the skin to deliver a specific dose of medication through the skin and into the bloodstream.

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About Authors:
A. Srilakshmi, SK. Afsar, B. Priyanka, G. Jyothi Reddy, R.E.Amrutha, B.Jagadeesh babu, C. Raja ram
1. Department of Pharmacology,
P. Rami Reddy Memorial College of Pharmacy,
Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India.

ABSTRACT
ALLOPHYLUS SERRATUS is a medicinal plant used for the treatment of various risk factors like analgesia, inflammation, ulcers, and wounds. The aqueous extract of the leaf was investigated for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities in animal models. The extract at 100, 200 and 400mg/kg body weight reduced significantly the formation of oedema induced by formalin. In the acetic acid-induced writhing model, the extract had a good analgesic effect characterized by a reduction in the number of writhes when compared to the control. Similarly, the extract caused dose-dependent decrease of licking time and licking frequency in rats injected with 0.05ml of 10% formalin. These results were also comparable to those of ibuprofen, the reference drug used in this study. Acute toxicity test showed that the plant may be safe for pharmacological uses. This study has provided some justification for the folkloric use of the plant in several communities for conditions such as stomachache, pain and inflammations.

About Authors:
Devendra Kumar¹*, Pragya Seth²
Department of Pharmaceutical technology,
¹ Sri Satya Sai collage of Pharmacy Bhopal, India
² Lakshmi Narayana College of Pharmacy Bhopal, India

Abstract:
Antioxidants play a significant role in protecting the body against free radical damage. Antioxidants refer to a group of compounds that are able to delay or inhibit the oxidation of lipids or other biomolecules and thus, prevent or repair the damage of the body cells that is caused by oxygen. Prunus amygdalus is used in traditional for the cure of ulcer. Since the activity may be correlated with the presence of antioxidant compound were evaluated for their total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), ferric reducing ability (parameter (FRAP), 1,1-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) in extract of Prunus amygdalus fruit.

About Authors:
M.sandhya sree*, Sowmya**
*Assistant Professor ,
Department of pharmacology,
BA&KR pharmacy college,
JNTUK, Andhra Pradesh.
**MBBS,GMC,
Guntur, Andhra Pradesh.

Abstract:
The study was conducted in two villages of Guntur district (Andra Pradesh) to determine the nature and extent of health problems of rural women. The data were collected from one hundred randomly selected rural ladies by interviewing them with the help of an interview schedule developed for  the  purpose.
The identified health problems were classified. The findings of the study indicated the prevalence of a number of health problems among rural women and a need was felt for their education on health aspects. A sizeable number of them were found to have suffered from bronchitis, coryza, indigestion, constipation, diarrhea , conjunctivitis, dandruff, tartar deposits on teeth, skin diseases, gynecological diseases and some other diseases like rheumatism, arthritis, etc.
The existence of a government hospital in village had no association of significant level with the health problems of rural women. Majority of the respondents perceived the treatment given in government hospital to be not effective and several other constraints in availing of the treatment facilities.

About Author:
Maanasa.B,
Sri Sai Aditya Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research,
Andhrapradesh

ABSTRACT:
Biomarkers in general used as an indicator of the biological response, pathological response and pharmacological responses and mostly used in scientific fields. Specifically, biomarkers indicate change in expression or the protein nature that correlate with disease progression. An ideal biomarker must be sensitive, specific and accurate and must be able to reveal the nature of disease / able to predict the outcome of the tumor reoccurrence. There are different types of biomarkers individualizing different roles like diagnostic biomarkers, detection biomarkers, prognostic biomarkers, predictive biomarkers. These biomarkers are used throughout the clinical trials process of cardiology, neurology and oncology and the present article describes the biomarkers.

About Authors:
Pradeep Arora, Ashish Chauhan
M.Pharm Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Lovely Professional University,
Phagwara, Punjab.

Abstract
Present article enlights the true meaning of trademark and its role in reducing the chances of error in case of self medication due to look alike and sound alike drugs. History and origin of trademark and how the trademark helps the consumers and traders have been discussed in this article. This review article also helps in understanding various products and services for which a trademark can be used.

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About Authors:
RESHMY RAJAN
DEPT OF PHARMACEUTICS, AMRITA SCHOOL OF PHARMACY,
AIMS HEALTH CARE CAMPUS,
KOCHI 682041

ABSTRACT
Dental diseases are recognized as a major public health problem, in civilized society. The prevalence of tooth decay, various dental diseases, and tooth loss are so great that a permanent healthy oral system in the body is almost impossible. Dental diseases are studied by oral examination of a particular section of the population and the incidence measured by the number of new cases occurring in a given period of time. In UK it is estimated that 99% of children under 12 years suffer from dental caries.  Modern dentifrices compositions contain numerous components that have various therapeutic and cosmetic functions. Fluoride was the first of the therapeutic additions to the basic dentifrice formulations. Most of the dental compositions contain an abrasive cleansing agent which aids in the removal of adherent deposits on the teeth. Advertising and taste rather than therapeutic superiority determine the market advantage. During the past decade, however, it has not been enough for a dentifrice to prevent tooth decay or create a smile that will win the man, woman or job of one's dreams. Now, it seems, a dentifrice must fight tartar, plaque and gum disease as well. And manufacturers do not want to forget "niche" consumers -smokers, natural product fans, people with tooth sensitivity, and those with dry mouths. Sustained-release delivery systems allocate extended drug action to treat dental and periodontal diseases compared to the conventional dosage forms. Herbal extracts have been successfully used in dentistry as tooth cleaning and antimicrobial plaque agents. Only two out of ten 5-year old have sound teeth according to the General Dental Council.The present review deals with the various novel formulations of dentifrices.

About Authors:
Kalpesh N. Patel¹*, Jayvadan K. Patel^2
1 Research Scholar, Jodhpur National University, Jodhpur,
Rajshathan, India
² Department of Pharmaceutical Technology,
Nootan Pharmacy College,
Visnagar (GUJARAT), India.

Abstract
Two simple spectrophotometric methods have been developed for simultaneous estimation of pyrimethamine and sulphadoxine from tablet dosage form. Method-I simultaneous equation method involves the measurement of absorbances at two wavelengths 215 nm (λmax of pyrimethamine) and 254 nm (λmax of sulphadoxine) in methanol and Method-II first order derivative spectroscopic method involves the measurement of absorbances at two wavelengths 250 nm (λmax of pyrimethamine) and 220.5 nm (λmax of sulphadoxine); The linearity lies between 5-30 µg/ml for both pyrimethamine and sulphadoxine for all the two methods. The accuracy and precision of the methods were determined and validated stastically. All the methods showed good reproducibility and recovery with % RSD less than 2. All method were found to be rapid, specific, precise and accurate and can be successfully applied for the routine analysis of pyrimethamine and sulphadoxine in bulk and combined dosage form.

About Authors:
Gedam V.K., Chikhle R.V.
University Department of Pharmacutical Sciences,
Rashtrasanta Tukdoji Maharaj
Nagpur University,
Amravati road, Nagpur-440033,
M.S.,India

ABSTRACT
The natual sciences simply do not provide adequate tools or perspective.They need to be supplemented with knowledge from disciplines that deals with people and system. The social development has always been closely interlinked with healthcare achievements. Therefore Pharmacy education and practice has significant impact on health improvement of nation.The pharmacist represent the third largest professional group in the world which works in community a member of  healthcare team and have special responsibilities for safe use of medicines.
In India, profession of Pharmacy is yet to boom to its fullest extent. Here Pharmacist performs job of mere drug seller only and does not practice Pharmacy independently.In developed countries in addition to traditional dispensing Pharmacist monitor the health and progress of patient and provide patient care outcomes and accordingly their education curriculum is designed.
This paper seeks a need for professional and social change in pharmaceutical education system for achieving the  desired status of pharmacist in our country. The standard of education must be evaluated for strengthening of education and profession.