Articles

About Authors:
Pradeep Arora, Ashish Chauhan
M.Pharm Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Lovely Professional University,
Phagwara, Punjab.

Abstract
Present article enlights the true meaning of trademark and its role in reducing the chances of error in case of self medication due to look alike and sound alike drugs. History and origin of trademark and how the trademark helps the consumers and traders have been discussed in this article. This review article also helps in understanding various products and services for which a trademark can be used.

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About Authors:
RESHMY RAJAN
DEPT OF PHARMACEUTICS, AMRITA SCHOOL OF PHARMACY,
AIMS HEALTH CARE CAMPUS,
KOCHI 682041

ABSTRACT
Dental diseases are recognized as a major public health problem, in civilized society. The prevalence of tooth decay, various dental diseases, and tooth loss are so great that a permanent healthy oral system in the body is almost impossible. Dental diseases are studied by oral examination of a particular section of the population and the incidence measured by the number of new cases occurring in a given period of time. In UK it is estimated that 99% of children under 12 years suffer from dental caries.  Modern dentifrices compositions contain numerous components that have various therapeutic and cosmetic functions. Fluoride was the first of the therapeutic additions to the basic dentifrice formulations. Most of the dental compositions contain an abrasive cleansing agent which aids in the removal of adherent deposits on the teeth. Advertising and taste rather than therapeutic superiority determine the market advantage. During the past decade, however, it has not been enough for a dentifrice to prevent tooth decay or create a smile that will win the man, woman or job of one's dreams. Now, it seems, a dentifrice must fight tartar, plaque and gum disease as well. And manufacturers do not want to forget "niche" consumers -smokers, natural product fans, people with tooth sensitivity, and those with dry mouths. Sustained-release delivery systems allocate extended drug action to treat dental and periodontal diseases compared to the conventional dosage forms. Herbal extracts have been successfully used in dentistry as tooth cleaning and antimicrobial plaque agents. Only two out of ten 5-year old have sound teeth according to the General Dental Council.The present review deals with the various novel formulations of dentifrices.

About Authors:
Kalpesh N. Patel¹*, Jayvadan K. Patel^2
1 Research Scholar, Jodhpur National University, Jodhpur,
Rajshathan, India
² Department of Pharmaceutical Technology,
Nootan Pharmacy College,
Visnagar (GUJARAT), India.

Abstract
Two simple spectrophotometric methods have been developed for simultaneous estimation of pyrimethamine and sulphadoxine from tablet dosage form. Method-I simultaneous equation method involves the measurement of absorbances at two wavelengths 215 nm (λmax of pyrimethamine) and 254 nm (λmax of sulphadoxine) in methanol and Method-II first order derivative spectroscopic method involves the measurement of absorbances at two wavelengths 250 nm (λmax of pyrimethamine) and 220.5 nm (λmax of sulphadoxine); The linearity lies between 5-30 µg/ml for both pyrimethamine and sulphadoxine for all the two methods. The accuracy and precision of the methods were determined and validated stastically. All the methods showed good reproducibility and recovery with % RSD less than 2. All method were found to be rapid, specific, precise and accurate and can be successfully applied for the routine analysis of pyrimethamine and sulphadoxine in bulk and combined dosage form.

About Authors:
Gedam V.K., Chikhle R.V.
University Department of Pharmacutical Sciences,
Rashtrasanta Tukdoji Maharaj
Nagpur University,
Amravati road, Nagpur-440033,
M.S.,India

ABSTRACT
The natual sciences simply do not provide adequate tools or perspective.They need to be supplemented with knowledge from disciplines that deals with people and system. The social development has always been closely interlinked with healthcare achievements. Therefore Pharmacy education and practice has significant impact on health improvement of nation.The pharmacist represent the third largest professional group in the world which works in community a member of  healthcare team and have special responsibilities for safe use of medicines.
In India, profession of Pharmacy is yet to boom to its fullest extent. Here Pharmacist performs job of mere drug seller only and does not practice Pharmacy independently.In developed countries in addition to traditional dispensing Pharmacist monitor the health and progress of patient and provide patient care outcomes and accordingly their education curriculum is designed.
This paper seeks a need for professional and social change in pharmaceutical education system for achieving the  desired status of pharmacist in our country. The standard of education must be evaluated for strengthening of education and profession.

About Authors:
Jyotirmoy Das Choudhury, Dr. Biplab De,
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry.
Regional Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology. Abhoynagar, Agartala,
Tripura(W)

INTRODUCTION
Nature always stands as a golden mark to exemplify the outstanding phenomenon of symbiosis. The biotic & abiotic elements of nature are all interdependent. The plants are indispensable to man for his life. The knowledge of drug has accumulated over  thousands of years as a result of man’s inquisitive nature so that today we posses many effective means of ensuring health care.
In the part, almost all the medicines used were from the plants, the plant being men’s only chemist for ages. The history of medical plants dates back to RIG VEDA, perhaps the oldest repository of human knowledge, which was written in about 4500-1600 B.C. then there is the Ayurveda which given us detail accounts of many herbal drugs. Most of the medicinally active substance are identified in the 19^th & 20^th centuries was used in crude form. But now in modern days we use to take drug in the form of dosage form.

About Authors:
Saravana Kumar K, Ramesh Y*,  
Department of Pharmaceutics,
Seshachala College of Pharmacy,
Tirupathi – Chennai High way,  
Puttur-517 583,  Chittoor (dist),
A.P., India

Abstract
Plants and their extracts have immense potential for the management and treatment of wounds. Wound healing is complicated process that involves four phases: (i) coagulation begins immediately after injury, (ii) Inflammation which begins within hours, (iii) Proliferation which begins within days, (iv) Remodeling up to period of week, months, up to year. The phyto medicine for wound healing are not only cheap and affordable but are also purportedly safe as hypersensitive reactions are rarely encountered with the use of these agents. Mainly these crude drugs are obtained from various climatic conditions Collection, cultivating, Harvesting & Isolation of active ingredients to treat various types of diseases.

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About Authors:
Ujjwal S. Yeotkar*, Mahendra Nimbhorkar, Tushar A. Deshmukh, Vijay R. Patil
Department of Pharmacognosy,
Tapi Valley Education Society’s,
Hon’ble, Loksevak Madhukarrao Chaudhari College of Pharmacy,
North Maharashtra University,
Faizpur- 425 503,
Maharashtra, India.

ABSTRACT
Churna are important group of formulation used by Ayurvedic physicians to treat various types of diasease. Trikatu and Pimpali churna, as per Ayurvedic literature is used for the treatment of resperatory disorders. In the present study,an attempt has been made to develop a HPTLC  method of quantitative estimation of marker compound, piperine in laboratory prepared authentic formulation and a marketed formulation of Trikatu and Pimpali churna. The stationary phase used was precoated silica gel G ₆₀ F ₂₅₄ plates. The mobile phase containing n- Hexane-ethyl acetate, (5:5 v/v ), was used to separate the spot of Piperine. Plates were developed to a distance of 8 cm at room temperature. Spectrodensitometric scanning was performed by TLC scanner III (CAMAG) in absorbance mode at the wavelength of 339nm. The  R_f  values of  piperine was 0.44± 0.02. The method was validated in terms of Linearity, Accuracy and  Precision. The linearity curve found to be linear in between 200–900 ng/spot. The limit of Detection (LOD) and limit of Quantification (LOQ) were found to be  1 ng and  3 ng respectively. The mean results from % Recovery was found to be, laboratory formulation contain 85.13% and 83.47% while the commercial formulation shows 96.65%, and 90.32% respectively. The proposed method can be used to determine Piperine from Ayurvedic formulations.

About Authors:
Kapil Patel, Supriya Hazra Das
Department of Pharmacology
Shree Dhanvantary Pharmacy College,
Kim, Surat – 394118,
Gujarat, India

Abstract:  
Peptic ulcer is a condition where benign lesions of gastric or duodenal mucosa occur at a site where the mucosal epithelium is exposed to acid and pepsin, due to imbalance between offensive and defensive factors. Acacia leucophloea, a deciduous tree found throughout India is reported to be used in gastric ulcer in traditional medicine. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-ulcer properties of Acacia leucophloea in pylorus ligation ulcer model in rats. Acacia leucophloea was administered for 7 days and on 8^th day 30 min prior to the induction of ulcers. Pretreatment with Acacia leaucophloea showed significant ulcer protection against pylorus ligation ulcer model as compared to control. Thus, the ulcer protective and healing effects of Acacia leucophloea may be due to its effect on both offensive and defensive factors. The present findings suggest that Acacia leucophloea has antiulcer properties.

About Authors:
V. Ravi Chandra
Research Associate
Parexel
B.Pharmacy from Priyadarshini College of pharmacy,
Osmania University,
Hyderabad, AP, INDIA

Abstract:
Huntington's disease is an intricate illness. It is a neurodegenerative, insidious disorder-which means it is harmful and fatal but gradually. The onset of the disease is very late to diagnose the disease. Huntington's disease (HD) also called as ‘Huntington’s Chorea’. Chorea means dance in Greek, which is aftereffect of genetically programmed degeneration of brain cells, called neurons, in certain areas of the brain. This degeneration causes uncontrolled movements, loss of intellectual faculties, and emotional disturbance. By choreic movement physically we can diagnose HD. HD is also a familial disease, passed from parent to child through a mutation in the normal gene. Attempts to study early disease are not unique in neurology (e.g., mild cognitive impairment and vascular cognitive impairment), but studying otherwise healthy-appearing individuals who have nearly 99% certainty of manifesting the symptoms of brain disease does provide distinct but valuable information about the true natural history of the disease. A genetic test, coupled with a complete medical history and neurological and laboratory tests, helps physicians diagnose HD. Presymptomic testing is available for individuals who are at risk for carrying the HD gene. HD occurs in about one out of every 10,000 Caucasian individuals. In India, the cases are unknown because of failure of doctors to diagnose HD as they never seen HD in their practice. Approximately 2.5 times more individuals are at risk for the disorder because of the midlife peak in age at onset.