Pharmaceutics Articles

27 November 2013

FORMULATION OF DOXYCYCLINE LOADED FLOATING FILM USING BIO-MATERIAL EXTRACTED FROM TAGETES erecta

About Authors:
Prof. (Dr.) N.V.Satheesh madhav, Rohit Singh Negi, *Vikash kumar
DIT-Faculty of Pharmacy,
Dehradun Institute of Technology,
Mussoorie Diversion Road,
Makkawala, P.O. Bhagwantpur,
Dehradun, Uttrakhand
*vikashmalik81@gmail.com, satheesh_madhav@yahoo.com
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Abstract:
The aim of research work was to isolate novel biopolymer from the seeds of Tagetes erecta and to characterize its physicochemical properties along with the acute toxicity. The isolated polymer was subjected for screening its retard ability by using as a bio nano carrier for formulating Doxycycline (model drug) loaded floating films. Tagetes is a genus of 56 species of annual and perennial mostly herbaceous plants in the sunflower family. The genus is native to North and South America, but some species have become naturalized around the world. Tagetes species vary in size from 0.01 to 2.2m tall. They have pinnate green leaves blooms are naturally in golden, orange, yellow and white colors, often with maroon highlights. Tagetes grow well in almost any sort of soil. It contains essentials oils, fatty acids, carotenoids and lutein. Tagetes erecta has long been known for its medicinal use, especially for strengthening the heart, and for treating ailments like headaches, swellings and tooth aches. Tagetes erecta seeds were soaked in water and then washed with chloroform and ethyl acetate. Obtained 100 gm of fine powder was soaked in 100ml boiled water for 24 hours. The mixture was filtered and methanol was added in double. The solution was refrigerated for 24 hours and then centrifuged. Precipitate was collected as biopolymer and was dried. The separated biopolymer was subjected for various physicochemical parameters like color, texture, particle size, solubility, colour changing point. Spectral analysis such as IRspectroscopy was done to check the polymeric nature of biopolymers. Drug–polymer interaction and skin irritancy studies are also done to check the polymer safety.
24 November 2013

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS OF FUROSEMIDE

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Dr. D. Nagendrakumar, Reddy VM, Keshavshetti G G, Shardor A G*
Department of Pharmaceutics, SVET’s College of Pharmacy,
Humnabad- 585 330 (Karnataka).
ambarish.pharma@gmail.com
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ABSTRACT
Sustained release matrix system are favored because of their simplicity, patient compliance etc, than traditional drug delivery which have many drawbacks like repeated administration, fluctuation in blood concentration level etc. For the purpose of enhancement the bioavailability of furosemide, a dosage form with sustained release of furosemide was designed in this study.
Sustained release tablets of furosemide were fabricated using xanthan gum(13.33 % to 66.67 %). Thepreparedtablets were evaluated for pre compression and post compression studies likeangle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, hardness, weight variation, fraibilty, drug content, in-vitro releaseof drugetc. among the five formulations A better controlled drug release (85 %) was obtained with the matrix tablet SX₅ containingxanthan gum66.67%. Short-term stability studies of all formulations indicates that there were no significant changes in drug content and dissolution parameter values after 3 month storage at 40° ± 2°C/75 ± 5% RH.
13 November 2013

ENHANCEMENT OF SOLUBILITY; AN OVERVIEW

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Ramesh Babu Pedada¹*, Eukondalu Vanka¹, Dr.A.M.S.Sudhakar Babu¹, Prasanna kumar Desu¹, P.Ramaa Bharathi¹, P.Venkateawara.rao²
¹Department of Pharmaceutics, ²Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis,
A.M.Reddy Memorial College of pharmacy, Narasaraopet, Guntur (Dt), Andhra Pradesh, India.
Rameshbabu.pedada@gmail.com
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ABSTRACT:
Enhancement of solubility, dissolution rate and bioavailability of drug is a very challenging task in drug development, nearly 40% of the new chemical entities currently being discovered are poorly water soluble drugs. Aqueous solubility of any therapeutically active substance is a key property as it governs dissolution, absorption and thus the in vivo efficacy. Orally administered drugs completely absorb only when they show fair solubility in gastric medium and such drugs shows good bioavailability. The solubility and dissolution properties of drugs play an important role in the process of formulation development. Problem of solubility is a major challenge for formulation scientist which can be solved by different technological approaches during the pharmaceutical product development work. The present review deals in detail about the solubilisation by surfactants, cosolvents, complexation for the improvement of solubility of poorly water soluble drugs.
12 November 2013

A MINI REVIEW ON NANOSPONGE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

ABOUT AUTHOR:
Surya Prakash Singh*
Vaagdevi College of Pharmacy,
Dept. of Pharmaceutics, Warangal,
pin:506001, Warangal, A.P, India
surya.prakashsingh@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT:
Nanotechnology, a multi disciplinary science has received considerable attention in the recent times in the discovery of new chemical entities, diagnosis and treatment of several ailments[1]. It has created a remarkable impact on healthcare sector as an offshoot called nanomedicine. Many newer drugs show promising in vitro effect but lack in vivo effect due to decreased bioavailability. Nanomedicine has developed many drug delivering systems like nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, nanosuspensions, nanosponges etc., to overcome the problems of bioavailability out of which nanosponge is an advanced drug delivery system which offers diverse advantages than the other available systems. In this review, an attempt is made to summarize the methods of development, evaluation techniques and possible areas of applications and future of nanosponge drug delivery systems.
10 November 2013

PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT IN PHARMACEUTICALS: A REVIEW

ABOUT AUTHORS:
S.P.Sethy*, Tahseen Sameena, Prathima Patil, K.Shailaja
Department Of Pharmaceutical Chemistry.
Sushrut Institute of Pharmacy
Taddanpally (V), Pulkal (M), Medak-502293
sarada9439504350@gmail.com
6 November 2013

FORMULATION AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF BUCCOADHESIVE TABLETS OF AN ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUG: ENALAPRIL MALEATE

About Authors:
DILIP KUMAR
Department of Pharmaceutics,
Rajiv Academy for Pharmacy, Mathura-286001, Uttar Pradesh, India
kumardilip.pharma@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
The aim of the present study was to prepare and evaluate buccal tablet comprising a drug-containing buccoadhesive layer and a drug-free backing layer, by the direct compression method. The mucoadhesive layer was composed of a mixture of drug, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC K4M), Carbopol 934P (CP), Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (NaCMC), and the backing layer was made of ethyl cellulose. Enalapril maleate is an ace -inhibitor was formulated onto buccoadhesive tablets to overcome the limitations in the currently available dosage forms and routes of administration which in sequence will increase patient’s compliance. Formulations (F1-F9) were developed and subjected to various evaluation parameters. All tablets were acceptable with regard to thickness, weight variation, hardness, and drug content. Maximum bioadhesive force was observed in tablets formulated using CP-NaCMC as a bioadhesive polymer (F4-F6). Formulation F6 showed maximum permeation of 91.98 % ± 0.58 in 8hr. Formulation F3 showed maximum swelling index of 2.99 ± 0.01 after 8hr. The mucoadhesive force and residence time of the optimized batch F6 are 0.14 N ± 0.01 and 9.10 hrs ± 1.15 respectively. The results indicate that suitable buccoadhesive tablets with desired properties could be prepared.
5 November 2013

FORMULATION, DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF FAST DISPERSIBLE ORAL FILMS OF DOMPERIDONE MALEATE

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
Krupa Mehta, Nitu Changoiwala, Sanjay C. Modi, Dr. Mukesh C. Gohel, Dr. Rajesh K. Parikh
L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura,
Ahmedabad, Gujarat-380009, India

ABSTRACT:
Objective:
To Formulate, Develop and Optimize fast dispersible oral films of Domperidone maleate.
Materials and Methods:
Fast dispersible films of Domperidone maleate were prepared using solvent casting method. Films were formulated using Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC-E5) as a film forming agent, PEG-400 as a plasticizer. A 3² full factorial design was applied systematically to optimize the drug release and folding endurance. The concentration of HPMC-E5 (X1) and concentration of PEG-400 (X2) were selected as independent variables.
The Percentage Drug Release in 5 minutes (Y1) and Folding endurance (Y2) were selected as dependent variables. The prepared films were evaluated for Thickness, Folding endurance, Tensile Strength, Disintegration time, In vitro drug release and Drug content uniformity. DSC studies were conducted for drug-excipient interactions.
Results: Films prepared were found to be of good quality fulfilling all the requirements. Regression analysis and numerical optimization were performed to identify the best formulation. Formulations F10 prepared with 2.7% HPMC-E5 and 20% PEG-400 was found to be the best formulation with 96% Drug release in 5 minutes and folding endurance 24.
Discussion: X₁ and X₂significantly affected the Percentage Drug Release in 5 minutes (Y1) and Folding endurance (Y2). Percentage Drug Release decreased as the concentration of HPMC-E5 and PEG-400 increased. Folding endurance increased as the concentration of HPMC-E5 and PEG-400 increased.
Conclusions: Fast dispersible films of Domperidone maleate were successfully formulated by Solvent casting technique with immediate onset of action & improved patient compliance.
3 November 2013

AN OVERVIEW ON PULSATILE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Edukondalu.Vanka*, M. Jhansi Rani, A.M.Sudhakar Babu, P.Venkatesawara Rao
Department Of Pharmaceutics,
A.M. Reddy Memorial College of Pharmacy,
Narasaraopet, Guntur (district), Andhra Pradesh
7yedu7@gmail.com
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ABSTRACT:
Novel Oral Drug Delivery technologies have emerged and expanded into different drug delivery System. Among them Pulsatile Drug Delivery Systems are gaining a lot of interest as they deliver the drug at the right place at the right time and in the right amount, thus providing spatial and temporal delivery and increasing patient compliance. The drug delivery is designed according to the circadian rhythm of body. System is suit for the drugs which shows high first pass effect. A pulse has to be designed in such a way that a complete and rapid drug release is achieved after the lag time. Various systems like Time controlled pulsatile release systems, Stimuli-induced pulsatile release system, Externally regulated pulsatile release system, Multiparticulate regulated pulsatile release system have been dealt with in the article. These delivery occurs at predetermined lag time. These systems are beneficial for the drugs having chronopharmacological behavior where night time dosing is required, such as anti-arhythmic and anti-asthmatic.
30 October 2013

DRUG EXCIPIENT COMPATIBILITY STUDIES USING THERMAL METHODS

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Sandeep Kumar Patro*, M.Jhansi, Dr.A.M.S.Sudhakar Babu, Sk.Asief, P.Ramesh Babu
A.M.Reddy memorial college of pharmacy, Narasaraopet.
Sandeepkumarpatro2@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Study of drug - excipient compatibility is an important process in development stage of dosage forms. Incompatibility between drugs and excipients alter drug stability and bioavailability &there by affect their safety and efficacy. Dosage form is a pharmaceutical drug delivery system, which is a combination of drug(s) and non-drug components called as excipients. Drug is a chemical substance obtained from either natural, synthetic or semi synthetic source, which is used for the treatment, curing, prevention or mitigation of a disease or disorder in human beings or animals Excipients are nondrug components which are serve specific purposes like shape, stability, solubility, elegance, palatability etc. of a dosage form. These are also called as adjuvants, additives or pharmaceutical aids. The evaluation of drug-excipient compatibility is therefore an essential aspect of any preformulation study. To evaluate the drug- excipient compatibility different techniques such as Thermal analysis, Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) study, Infra red spectrophotometric study (IR), Isothermal stress testing (IST), High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC),Thin layer chromatography (TLC), Solution calorimetry were adopted.
28 October 2013

NANOSUSPENSION, A NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM VIA, NOSE TO BRAIN DRUG DELIVERY

About Authors:
N.V. Sateesh Madhav, Abhijeet Ojha, Pallavi Uniyal, Dheeraj Fulara*
DIT Faculty of Pharmacy, Mussoorie Diversion Road, Dehradun 248009,
Uttarakhand, India.
*fularadheerajmpharm@yahoo.com