Review Articles

18 December 2012

REVIEW ARTICLE ON ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THESPESIA POPULNIA SEEDS

About Author:
Sharad kumar awasthi
Shri Ram Institute Of Technology,
Jabalpur (M.P.) 482002.
Sharad20n@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Thespesia populnia seeds were dried and then grinded to obtain fine powder. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts and etheral extract of thespesia seeds were evaluated for antibacterial activity against E.coli, B.subtilis with the comparison control (Ciprofloxacin and Amoxicillin) for bacteria. The extract showed good inhibitory activity on the microbes.
17 December 2012

REVIEW OF A REAL VERSATILE MOLECULE

About Authors:
C.P.Meher
Asst. Professor
Maheshwara Institute of Pharmacy,
Chitkul, Patancheru, Medak, A.P
chaitanyameher84@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Pyrazole, a 5-membered heterocyclic diazole alkaloid composed of three carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms in adjacent positions, is a prevalent scaffold in drug discovery programs. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of diverse pharmacological activities of pyrazole moiety.This review highlighted recent reports of antimicrobial, anticancer, ACE inhibitory, antiviral as well as anti-inflammatory activities of pyrazole. The purpose of this review was to collate literature work reported by researchers on pyrazole for their varoius pharmacological activities and also reported recent efforts made on this moiety.
16 December 2012

CONDENCED HETEROCYCLIC SYSTEM - QUINOLINE WITH THEIR NUMEROUS BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY

About Authors:
C.P.Meher*, D.V.Charan, S.P.Sethy
Asst. Professor
Maheshwara Institute of Pharmacy,
Chitkul, Patancheru, Medak, A.P
*chaitanyameher84@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Heterocyclic chemistry is the branch of chemistry dealing with structure,synthesis, properties, and applications of heterocycles. heterocyclic compounds may be inorganic, most contain at least one carbon. Since in organic chemistry non-carbons usually are considered to replace carbon atoms, they are called heteroatoms, meaning 'different from carbon and hydrogen' (rings of heteroatoms of the same element are homocyclic). The IUPAC recommends the Hantzsch-Widman nomenclature for naming heterocyclic compounds.The present review article is based on the condenced heterocyclic system quinoline derivatives with their tremendous pharmacological activities.
16 December 2012

Emblica Officinalis A Review

About Authors:
Mohd Farhan
Department of Pharmacology,
Vidyabharti college of pharmacy
Amravati.
farhan.pharma66@gmail.com

Abstract:
The herbal medicine are in the great demand in the developed as well as developing countries for primary health care because of their large biological activities, higher safety margin and lesser cost. one of the common traditional herbal drug is Emblica officinalis, commonly known as Amla, is a member of a small genus Emblica (Euphorbiaceae). It grows in tropical and subtropical parts of China, India, Indonesia and the Malay Peninsula. All parts of the plant are used for medicinal purpose. The fresh (or) the dry fruit is used in traditional medicines for the treatment of diarrhoea, jaundice and inflammations. The pulp of the fruit is smeared on the head to dispel headache and dizziness Emblica officinalis leaves and fruit have been used for fever and inflammatory treatments by rural populations in its growing areas. The earlier study have demonstrated potent anti-microbial, adaptogenic, hepatoprotective, anti-tumour and anti-ulcerogenic activities in the fruits of Emblica officinalis. Leaf extracts have been shown to posses anti- inflammatory activity. vitamin C, tannins and flavanoids present in amla have very powerfull antioxidant activity. Due to rich in vitamin C amla is successfully use in the treatment of human scurvy.
13 December 2012

CONCEPT AND PHILOSOPHY OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENTS

About Authors:
Amit A. Patel
Seth G. L. Bihani S.D. College of Technical Education,
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research,
Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, INDIA.
amitpatelmx@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Quality is critical in achieving competitiveness in domestic and global market. Quality is a journey starting from design, to conformance, and ends at better performance. This process considers quality as a ‘never ending’ improvement. The success of TQM mainly depends on the achievement of internal as well as external customer satisfaction. Internal customer satisfaction is a prerequisite to achieve external customer satisfaction.

If Employees are to identify and correct quality problems, then they have to use some quality tools. Quality circles are also known as work improvement or quality teams. the quality circle is a small group of employees who voluntarily meet at regular times to identify, analyse and solve quality and other problems in their working environment.
12 December 2012

A REVIEW ON QUALITY CONTROL OF HERBAL DRUGS

About Authors:
R.C. Gedar¹*, Rakesh Sharma², Sanjeev Sharma²
¹Seth G. L. Bihani S. D. college of technical education, IPSDR, Sriganganagar (Raj.)
²J. C. D. M. Pharmacy College, Sirsa (Hry.)
*rcgedar@gmail.com

Abstract
This review highlights the current advances in knowledge about the safety, efficacy and quality control of botanical medicines. Phytotherapeutic agents are standardized herbal preparations consisting of complex mixtures of one or more plants which contain as active ingredients plant parts or plant material in the crude or processed state. A marked growth in the worldwide phytotherapeutic market has occurred over the last 15 years. For the European and USA markets alone, this will reach about $7 billion and $5 billion per annum, respectively, in 1999, and hasthus attracted the interest of most large pharmaceutical companies. Insufficient data exist for most plants to guarantee their quality, efficacy and safety. The idea that herbal drugs are safe and free from side effects is false.
11 December 2012

CHROMATOGRAPHY- AN INTRODUCTION

About Authors:
Amit A. Patel
Seth G. L. Bihani S.D. College of Technical Education,
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research,
Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, INDIA.
amitpatelmx@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Chromatography may be defined as method of separating a mixture of components into individual component through equilibrium distribution between two phases. chromatography is based on the differences in the rate at which components of mixture moves through a porous medium ( called stationary phase ) under the influence of some solvent or gas ( called moving phase ). Graph showing detector response as a function of a time is called Chromatogram. The true separation of two consecutive peak on a chromatogram is measured by resolution.

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11 December 2012

INDIAN PHARMA : RAISING BAROMETER OF SUCCESS BEYOND GENERICS

About Authors:
Ritul bapna
LMC of science and technology,
Jodhpur
*bapnaritul89@gmail.com

1. Introduction
The principal law for patenting system in India is the Patents Act, 1970. Initially, according to the provisions of this law no product patent but only process patents could be granted for inventions relating to food, drugs and chemicals. However, since 2005 product patenting is allowed in India. India being a member country of World Trade Organization (WTO) signed TRIPS (Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights) Agreement in laws to be followed by each of its member countries. India being a signatory of the TRIPS agreement was under a contractual obligation to amend its Patents law to make it compliant with the provisions of the agreement. The first amendment in this series was in the form of the Patents (Amendment) Act, 1999 to give a pipeline protection till the country starts giving product patents. It laid down the provisions for filing of applications for product patents in the field of drugs and agrochemicals with effect from 1st January1995 as mailbox applications and introduced the grant of Exclusive Marketing Rights (EMRs) on those patents. To comply with the second set of TRIPS obligations India further amended the Patents Act, 1970 by the Patents (Amendment) Act, 2002.Through this amendment provision of 20 years uniform term of patent for all categories of invention was introduced. The third set of amendments in the patent law was introduced as the Patents (Amendment) Act, 2005. Through this amendment product patent regime was introduced in India. To implement its TRIPS obligations, India passed changes to its patent law in 2005 so that medicines could now be patented. However, the new law also contained the flexibilities. India has one of the best patent laws in the world in terms of giving some space to its producers to make generic medicines.
10 December 2012

X-ray APPLICATION

About Authors:
Nilesh Sovasia, Prof.Sanjeev Thacker, Arshad Hala
Seth G.L.Bihani S.D.College Of Technical Education,
Institute Of Pharmaceutical Science & Drug Research,
Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India
*nilesh.sovasia@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT
X-rays have a smaller wavelength than visible light, they have higher energy. With their higher energy, X-rays can penetrate matter more easily than can visible light. Their ability to penetrate matter depends on the density of the matter, and thus X-rays provide a powerful tool in medicine for mapping internal structures of the human body.
9 December 2012

A REVIEW ON STUDENT t-TEST

About Authors:
Ram Chandra*, Abhimanyu, Dr. Ashutosh Aggarwal
Seth G.L. Bihani S.D. College of Technical Education,
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research,
Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, INDIA
*rcgedar@gmail.com

1. Introduction
Biostatistics is contraction of biology and statistics, sometimes referred to as biometry or biometrics, is the application of statistics to a wide range of topics in biology. The science of biostatistics encompasses the design of biological experiments, especially in medicine and agriculture; the collection, summarization, and analysis of data from those experiments; and the interpretation of, and inference from, the results. Hypothesis testing determines the validity of the assumption with a view to choose between two conflicting hypotheses about the value of a population parameter. Hypothesis testing helps to decide on the basis of a sample data, whether a hypothesis about the population is likely to be true or false. Statisticians have developed several tests of hypotheses (also known as the tests of significance) for the purpose of testing of hypotheses which can be classified as:- (a) Parametric tests or standard tests of hypotheses, and (b) Non-parametric tests or distribution-free test of hypotheses. Parametric tests usually assume certain properties of the parent population from which we draw samples. Assumptions like observations come from a normal population, sample size is large, assumptions about the population parameters like mean, variance, etc., must hold good before parametric tests can be used. But there are situations when the researcher cannot or does not want to make such assumptions. In such situations we use statistical methods for testing hypotheses which are called non-parametric tests because such tests do not depend on any assumption about the parameters of the parent population. Besides, most non-parametric tests assume only nominal or ordinal data, whereas parametric tests require measurement equivalent to at least an interval scale. (Bolton Sanford 2004, Jakel James et.al. 2001)