Articles

21 January 2013

INDIAN DRUG REGULATORY SYSTEM: MOVING TO A NEW ERA

About Author:
Priyank Sharma
M. Pharm, Drug Regulatory Affairs
Jaipur National University
Jaipur, Rajasthan
Priyank2k4urwith@gmail.com

Abstract:
The Pharmaceutical industry represents one of the India’s strength. The regulation of pharmaceuticals in India is generally seen to be in need of reform, and has been the subject of many official commissions since 1995. Most commentators agree that the state should intervene to prevent untrammeled market forces leading to citizens’ suffering, because adequate information about the costs and benefits of different pharmaceuticals is inaccessible to most users. But in India, a wide range of stakeholders must be considered before changes can be made to the regulatory framework.
21 January 2013

A REVIEW ON MUSSAENDA SPECIES

About Authors:
Bharathi.V*, SwarnaLatha.D, M.Sreenivasulu
Annamcharya college of pharmacy, newboyana pally, rajampet(M),
kadapa(dt). Andhara Pradesh, India.
*bharu.v.net@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Medicinal plants have played an essential role in the development of human culture. Many of the modern medicines are produced indirectly from medicinal plants, for example aspirin. The present study was concentrated on past work reported on the some mussaenda species and study of different activities and phyto constitutions reported on mussaenda species. The genus Mussaenda (rubiaceae) is an important source of medicinal natural products, steroids, flavonoids, glycosides and only a few number of species reported positive for alkaloids and tannins. Many Mussaenda species were reported to possess anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory in different models, analgesic, antimicrobial, diuretic, antiphlogistic and antipyretic, acute gastroenteritis and dysentery, anti- fertility activity, antiviral property , antibacterial effect rarely for hepato protective activity and wound healing activity.
20 January 2013

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE TABLETS FROM SOLID DISPERSIONS OF LOVASTATIN

About Authors:
Khayyam Shaikh*, Patwekar Shailesh, Santosh Payghan, John Disouza
Department of Pharmaceutics,
Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy,
Warananagar, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India 416113.
*ramzanshek0587@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
During the last two decades there has been a remarkable increase in interest in sustained release drug delivery system. This has been due to various factors viz. the extensive cost of developing new drug entities, expiration of existing international patents, discovery of new polymeric materials suitable for prolonging the drug release, and improvement in therapeutic efficacy and safety achieved by this delivery system. A number of design options are available for the preparation of controlled release formulations to modify oral absorption. Formulation approaches are being explored to enhance bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. One such approach that has been shown significantly enhanced absorption of such drugs is to formulate solid dispersionand then formulate its tablets. Solid dispersion technology can be used to improve the in- vitro and in- vivo dissolution properties of slightly water soluble drugs and to control their dissolution rate. In this current study attempts have been made to formulate sustained release tablets of solid dispersions.
20 January 2013

FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THEOPHYLLINE MICROSPHERE

About Authors:
Sofiya Verma*, Dipak V, Ashok A, Neha C, Jagruti R, Ashutosh. M
Shri ram institute of pharmacy
Jabalpur M.P
*sofiyavermamph@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
The purpose of this research was to prepare and characterize theophylline microsphere of guar gum polymer for the application of nocturnal asthma. The microsphere were prepared by using emulsification method using sodium borate as a cross linking agent and coating was done by solvent evaporation method with the pH sensitive eudragit S-100 polymers. The prepared microsphere were white, free flowing and spherical in shape. The drug-loaded microsphere showed entrapment efficiency and drug release was extended upto 6 to 8 h. The infrared spectra, differential scanning calorimetry thermographs and XRD spectra all showed the stable character of both the drugs in the drug-loaded microspheres and revealed the absence of drug-polymer interactions. Scanning electron microscopy study revealed that the microspheres were spherical and porous in nature. The prepared theopylline microsphere has the potential for delaying the release of drug.
18 January 2013

Biosensor for HIV Diagnosis at All Stages of Infection- A Nano Idea

About Authors:
Dhanya V C
Kasturba medical college, Manipal University
Indian Veterinary Research Institute
dhanya285@gmail.com

INTRODUCTION:
A biosensor is a device that uses specific biochemical reactions mediated by isolated enzymes, immunosystems, tissues, organelles or whole cells to detect chemical compounds usually by electrical, thermal or optical signals (1). Or in other words, Sensor that integrates a biological element with a physiochemical transducer to produce an electronic signal proportional to a single analyte which is then conveyed to a detector.

[adsense:336x280:8701650588]
18 January 2013

QUALITY CONTROL TESTING OF PACKAGING MATERIALS

About Author:
Sahil Jasuja¹*, Mahesh Kumar Kataria²
¹Department of Quality Assurance,
²Assistant Professor
Seth G.L. Bihani S.D. College of Technical education (Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Drug Research),
Sri Ganganagar, (Raj.), India.
*sahiljasuja@rediffmail.com
17 January 2013

SMEDDS A NOVEL APPROACH TO IMPROVE BIOAVAILABILITY: A REVIEW

About Authors:
Anoop Patel*¹, Anoop Kumar¹, Neha Sharma¹, Monika Prajapati²
¹Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut, U.P., India
²Raj Kumar Goel institute of technology, 5th K.M. Stone Delhi Meerut Road, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh- 201003
*anoop.p.2007@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Oral route still remains the favorite route of drug administration in many diseases because it is very suitable for drug delivery and non invasive. Till today it attracts to many researchers for investigation in the development of new dosage forms. The major problem in oral drug formulations is low and erratic bio-availability due to less water solubility and permeability of the drug across the biological membrane. This may arise high inter and intra subject variability due to lack of dose proportionality and therapeutic failure. It is estimated that 40% of new active constituents which are investigated recently show poor water solubility due to their lipophilic nature. The improvement of bio-availability of these drugs with such properties presents one of the greatest challenges in drug formulations. Several technologies are used for overcome these problems including micronization, solid dispersions, cyclodextrins complex formation and different lipid based drug delivery systems. Self-emulsifying drug delivery system is one the most important and advanced technology for enhancing the oral bio-availability as well reducing in dose. This system also gained attraction for enabling more consistent drug absorption, selective targeting of drugs in GIT, and protection of drugs from the inner environment of gut.
17 January 2013

BIOPHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS NEED AND PROCESS INVOLVED IN PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES FOR USING LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY COUPLED WITH TANDEM MASS SPECTROSCOPY(LC-MS/MS): A REVIEW

About Authors:
*S.B.Muthu Vadivel, R.Suresh Kumar¹, A.Tamil Selvan², R.Suthakaran³
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance
Teegala Ram Reddy College of Pharmacy
16 January 2013

DISCUSSION ON NOVEL VAGINAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS – A RECENT REVIEW

About Authors:
Lohithasu Duppala¹*, Anil kumar vadda²
¹GITAM Institute of Pharmacy, GITAM University, Pharmaceutics, visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India-530045.
²AVANTHI Institute of pharmaceutical sciences, pharmacology, visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India-530045.
¹lohithasu@gmail.com, ²anilkumar.vadda@gmail.com

INTRODUCTION:
Commonly, the olden days ,vaginal drug delivery systems are used to deliver vaginal infections treatment drugs and contraceptives.¹ The advantage of intra-vaginal controlled drug administration over conventional/traditional oral administration is the drug absorbed systemically because due to the presence of dense network of blood vessels in vaginal wall The vaginal cavity is also an effective site for the uterine targeting of various therapeutic agents such as terbutaline, progesterone and danazol.²But now-a-days ,the poorly absorbed oral drugs to be formulated as targeted vaginal drug delivery system to treat vaginal infections. In 1970, the first vaginal ring was used for delivery of medroxyprogesterone acetate for contraception.³ Vaginal drug delivery systems are traditionally used to deliver contraceptive and drugs to treat vaginal infections.
16 January 2013

REVIEW ON PROSTATE CANCER THERAPY

About Authors:
Kambham Venkateswarlu¹*, G.Sujatha²
¹Graduate Student
²Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Sri Lakshmi Narasimha College of Pharmacy, Palluru,
Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh-517132, India.
*k.v.reddy9441701016@gmail.com

I. INTRODUCTION
1.1. WHAT IS PROSTATE CANCER?
Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer in men and is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men worldwide. It is a disease of the prostate gland in which malignant cells form in the tissues of the prostate and multiply out of control. These cells often metastasize to other parts of the body, like the rectum, the bladder and especially, the bones and the lymph nodes. It generally arises near the surface of the gland so that it can be diagnosed easily by digital rectal examination (DRE). Depending on the extent of metastasis, the prostate cancer tissue has been graded using the Gleason System into a score of 2 to 10 or into four stages I-IV (or, A-D), indicating the likelihood of spreading of the disease to other parts of the body.

Although several types of cells are found in the prostate, over 99% of the cancers occur in the gland cells only (cells which make the prostate fluid which is added to the semen). Such type of cancer is termed as adenocarcinoma. The region of prostate gland where the adenocarcinoma is most common is the peripheral zone. Other types of cancer can also start in the prostate gland, including sarcomas (like leiomyosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma), small cell carcinomas, and transitional cell carcinomas, although they are extremely rare. Generally, the cancer grows and spreads very slowly. Early prostate cancer most often causes no symptoms. Sometimes, however there are signs and symptoms very close to those of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).