• PharmaTutor
    28 February 2013

    FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF LORNOXICAM TRANSDERMAL PATCHES

    About Authors:
    Rathod Garuji*, G. Ganesh Kumar
    Srikrupa Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
    Velikatta, Kondapak, Siddipet,
    Dist: Medak.A.P.
    *rathodpharma@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    Transdermal drug delivery is an alternative route for systemic drug delivery which minimizes the absorption and increases the bioavailability. Orally lornoxicam has a short elimination half-life (3-4 hrs.), low oral bioavailability undergoes extensive first pass metabolism and frequent high doses are required to maintain the therapeutic level as a result, dose development toxic effect. The purpose of this research work was to formulation and evaluation of lornoxicam transdermal patches using various polymers such as HPMC, Eudragit RL 100 and Eudragit RS 100 by solvent evaporation technique for improvement of bioavailability of drug and reducing toxic effects. The prepared formulations were evaluated for different physicochemical characteristics like thickness, folding endurance, drug content, percentage moisture absorption, percentage moisture loss and weight uniformity. Drug-excipient interaction studies were carried out using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy technique.The diffusion studies were performed by using modified Franz diffusion cells. The result of diffusion study shows that formulation, F2 showed maximum release of 94.19 % in 24 h, whereas F5 showed minimum release of 51.59 % in 24 h. Based on the drug release and physicochemical values obtained the formulation F2 is considered as an optimized formulation which shows higher percentage of drug release of 94.19 % in 24 h. The developed transdermal patches increase the therapeutic efficacy and reduced toxic effect of lornoxicam.

  • 27 February 2013
    NOOTROPICS- THE MEMORY INHANCEMENT DRUGS- A REVIEW

    About Author:
    Rahul Singh
    M.PHARMA (Pharmaceutics)
    Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute Of Pharmacy
    Kumhari, Distt-Durg , Chhatisgarh, India
    rahulbaba92@yahoo.in

  • 27 February 2013
    ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF ETHYL ACETATE, METHANOL AND CHLOROFORM EXTRACTED BARKS OF XYLOCARPUS MEKONGENESIS (LAMK.)

    About Authors:
    Zubair Khalid labu1*, Mir Md. Abdullah Al –Mamun1, Abdul Kader Mohiuddin1, Razia Sultana Sumi1, Md. Abdul Bake2
    1Department of Pharmacy, World university of Bangladesh, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
    2Department of Pharmacy, Gono University, Savar, Dhaka-1344, Bangladesh.
    *zubairlabu@yahoo.com

    Abstract
    The present study was designed to investigate the antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate, methanol and chloroform extract of barks of Xylocarpus mekongenesis (Lamk.). 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and nitric oxide scavenging were used for determining antioxidant activities. In DPPH free radical scavenging test, IC50 value for methanol extract of Xylocarpus mekongenesis was found fairly significant 8.76±0.05 μg/ml when compared to the IC50 values of the reference standards were ascorbic acid 3.41±0.07μg/ml and Butylated Hydroxyanisole 6.29±0.06μg/ml. The IC50 values of the methanol extract and ascorbic acid were 55.88 ± 0.09 and 36.81 ±0.06 μg/ml, respectively in nitric oxide scavenging assay. Phytochemical screening of the bark extract indicated the presence of carbohydrate (reducing sugars), glycosides, saponins, tannins and flavonoids.Therefore, the obtained results suggest the antioxidant activities of the barks of Xylocarpus mekongenesis and thus provide the scientific basis for the traditional uses of this plant part as a remedy for inflammations.

  • 26 February 2013
    ANTIPYRETIC ACTIVITY OF SEED EXTRACTS OF Gynocardia Odorata roxb. IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS

    About Authors:
    Urmila moyal*, Ram garg
    NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University,
    Shobha Nagar, Jaipur (Rajasthan)
    *urmilamoyal@gmail.com

    Abstract:
    The study was designed to evaluate antidiabetic activity of ethanolic and aqueous seed extracts of Gynocardia  Odorata  in

    • Brewer’s yeast induced pyrexia in rats.
    • TAB vaccine-induced pyrexia in rabbits.

    The seeds were collected, authenticated and shade dried. Shade dried seeds were then grinded into coarse powder and processed for further studies. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts were prepared and the phytochemical screening was performed. Ethanolic and aqueous both extracts were evaluated for the antipyretic activity by Brewer’s yeast induced pyrexia in rats and TAB vaccine-induced pyrexia in rabbits. Both the extracts showed the significant antipyretic activity but the maximum antipyretic activity by aqueous extract of Gynocardia odorata roxb.seeds. From study we concluded that both ethanolic and aqueous, seed extracts of Gynocardia odorata  have antipyretic activity, but the aqueous extract of Gynocardia odorata showed more significance then ethanolic extract.

  • 26 February 2013
    ORAL MUCOADHESIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS: A REVIEW

    About Authors:
    Saumya Samanta1, Ranabir Chanda2, Jyotishman Bhattacharya3
    Benagal School of Technology,
    Chuchura, West Bengal, India
    *samantasaumya7@gmail.com

  • 25 February 2013
    ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF SEED EXTRACTS OF Gynocardia Odorata ROXB. IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS

    About Author:
    Urmila Moyal
    NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University,
    Shobha Nagar, Jaipur (Rajasthan)
    urmilamoyal@gmail.com

    Abstract:
    The study was designed to evaluate antidiabetic activity of ethanolic and aqueous seed extracts of Gynocardia Odorata roxb.in streptozotocin induced diabetes in 2 days old pups models. The seeds were collected, authenticated and shade dried. Shade dried seeds were then grinded into coarse powder and processed for further studies. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts were prepared and the phytochemical screening was performed. Ethanolic and aqueous both extracts were evaluated for the antidiabetic activity by using the streptozotocin induced diabetes in 2 days old pups model. After 3 months of streptozotocin administration pups become diabetic then different treatment were given to animals. After 3 weeks treatment estimation of biological parameters like serum glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride were performed and body weight, water intake and food intake were also recorded. Histopathological study was performed to study the structure of islets of pancreas in different group of animals. After 3 weeks treatment of ethanolic and aqueous extracts, when the biological parameters i.e. serum glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride were estimated and compared with diabetic untreated group there was a significant decrease were observed. Treatment also reversed the loss of body weight and increased demand of food intake and water intake when compared with diabetic untreated group. From the above study we concluded that both ethanolic and aqueous, seed extracts of Gynocardia Odorata roxb.have antidiabetic activity, but the aqueous extract of Gynocardia Odorata roxb.showed more significance then ethanolic extract.

  • 25 February 2013
    EVALUATION OF QUALITY OF FRESH SOYA-BEAN OIL AVAILABLE IN BANGLADESH

    ABOUT AUTHORS:
    MR. Zubair Khalid labu*1, Md. Abdul Bake2, Razia Sultana3
    1,3     Department of Pharmacy, World University of Bangladesh, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh,
    2     Department of Pharmacy, Gono University, Savar, Dhaka 1344, Bangladesh.
    * zubairlabu@yahoo.com

    ABSTRACT
    Hydrogenated soya-bean oil is the product obtained by refining, bleaching, hydrogenation and deodorisation of oil obtained from seeds ofGlycine soja Sieb. and Zucc. andGlycine max (L.) Merr. (G. hispida (Moench) Maxim.). Soya-bean oilis a vegetable oil extracted from the seeds of the soybean. It is plant based and less harmful saturated fats and offers nutrition and health related benefits.  The main objective of this work has been done for the evaluation and analyzing the quality of soya-bean oil available in local market. For the examination of soyabean oil six fresh samples of different sources were collected randomly from the market. British pharmacopoeia (BP) specifications were used for the determination of acid, peroxide and iodine value. The results were compared with the standard specified by Bangladesh standard and testing institute (BSTI). After three months study we observed that physical examination of all the samples were complies with the specification and chemical examination such as, In case of peroxide value, all the samples were found to comply with the specification and only two (S-5 and S-6) of them have comparatively higher value but remain within the limit. But In case of iodine value, five samples were within the limit, and only one sample (S-6) was out of specification. After over third month analysis we observed that all the sample value were higher than from first month study. The consumers which have to take this spurious product must be careful to take this because it may be harmful if adulterated.

  • 24 February 2013
    DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF TOLPERISONE HYDROCHLORIDE AND PARACETAMOL IN PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION

    About Author:
    Monali G. Patel*, Ragin R. Shah, Krupa H. Shah, Bushra M. Malik
    Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance Laboratory,
    Arihant School of Pharmacy & BRI, Adalaj,
    Gandhinagar-382421, Gujarat, India.
    *monali_patel317@yahoo.in

  • 24 February 2013
    COMPARATIVE DISSOLUTION STUDIES FOR ACECLOFENAC MARKETED DOSAGE FORMS

    About Author:
    Sowjanya.G
    M.pharmacy II year
    Annamacharya college of pharmacy,
    Rajampet, kadapa dist, a.p, india
    Sowji.ces@gmail.com

  • 22 February 2013
    MODERN METHODS OF VOLATILE OIL EXTRACTION: A REVIEW

    About Authors:
    *Kambham Venkateswarlu, Billu Guruprasad
    Sri Lakshmi Narasimha College of Pharmacy,
    Palluru, Chittoor-517132, Andhra Pradesh, India.
    *k.v.reddy9441701016@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT:
    An essential oil is a concentrated hydrophobic liquid containing volatile aroma compounds from plants. Essential oils are also known as volatile oils, ethereal oils or aetherolea, or simply as the oil of the plant from which they were extracted, such as oil of clove.
    Extractions use two immiscible phases to separate a solute from one phase into the other. The distribution of a solute between two phases is an equilibrium condition described by partition theory. Boiling tea leaves in water extracts the tannins, theobromine, and caffeine (the good stuff) out of the leaves and into the water. More typical lab extractions are of organic compounds out of an aqueous phase and into an organic phase.

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