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  • Evaluation of phytochemicals in some indigenous aromatic medicinal plants of North-East India

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    ABOUT AUHTOR
    *R SHARMA, S SARMA
    Assam Down Town University, Guwahati, Assam, India
    *Rupsmita2010@gmail.com

     

    ABSTRACT
    Objectives: The aim of the present study was to estimate flavonoid and phenolic content, and to evaluate invitro antioxidant activity of an aqueous extract of Alpinia nigra and Allium tuberosum.
    Methods: The air dried stem of A. nigra and leaves of A. tuberosum was ground to powder and extracted with water and 95% of ethanol. The extract was screened for phytochemicals, total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) with its potential antioxidant activities using hydrogen peroxide-scavenging assay.
    Results: Phytochemical test shows that extract contains variety of phytochemicals among which there is a high level of total phenol and flavonoids. The total phenolic content (TPC) of A. nigra and A. tuberosum was 0.450±0.0740 and 1.663±0.296; respectively. The total flavonoid content (TFC) of A. nigra and A. tuberosum was 0.322±0.077 and 0.978±0.119, respectively. The plants possessed potent antioxidant activity when compared with the reference compound ascorbic acid (vitamin C).
    Conclusions: A. nigra and A. tuberosum may be useful for the preparation of neutraceuticals as potent antioxidant to treat various human diseases and their complications.

  • SOLUBILITY ENHANCEMENT OF POORLY WATER SOLUBLE DRUG BY SPHERICAL CRYSTALLIZATION TECHNIQUE

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    ABOUT AUHTOR
    HardikRana*, BhargavVaghasiya, MansiDholakia
    Department of Pharmaceutics,
    Anand Pharmacy College, Anand, 388 001, Gujarat, India.
    *hardikrana1439@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    The objective of present study was to enhance the solubility of poorly soluble drug Ibuprofen using spherical crystallization technique.The potential agglomerates were prepared by addition of different concentrationof polymer selected on the basis of Phase solubility study. Spherical agglomerates were prepared using diethyl ether as bridging liquid by neutralizing technique, spherical agglomeration technique, Quasi emulsion solvent diffusion technique. Spherical agglomerates were evaluated for morphology, production yield, drug content, particle size and dissolution behaviour compared with pure drug.The result of phase solubility studies revealed that there is enhancement of solubility by PEG 4000. Rod shaped crystals of pure drug converted to spherical was confirmed by optical microscopy. The dissolution of agglomerates of optimum batch exhibited 88.24% release compare to 47.18% of pure drug within 60 minute. This study demonstrated that spherical crystallization technique can be consider as a suitable alteration of granulation. Ibuprofen spherical agglomerates can be prepared with PEG 4000. It exhibited excellent physicochemical, solubility, dissolution rate in comparison with pure drug. Among other spherical crystallization technique, QESD proved to be excellent techniquefor enhancement of solubility and dissolution.

  • DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD FOR ANALYSIS OF GATIFLOXACIN & ITS IMPURITY

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    ABOUT AUHTOR
    Narendra M.Petha, J.G.Patil,Mr J.G.Chandorkar

    Indofil Industries Ltd, Gujarat
    jchandorkar-icc@modi.com

    ABSTRCT 
    Gatifloxacin is a antibacterial agent, Rapid, sensitive and selective analytical method is essential for monitoring the different reactions steps involved in process development of Gatifloxacin. A simple isocratic reverse phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographic [HPLC] method was developed for simultaneous separation of different intermediates and other impurities. The method was utilized successfully in analyzing the reaction streams, related substances in final product and for the assay in drug.

  • A comparative evaluation of the quality & price of generic medicine with their branded counterparts

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    ABOUT AUTHORS
    Bhupender Singh, Arun Nanda, Vikaas Budhwar, Rakesh K. Marwaha
    Department of Pharmacy,
    M. D. University, Rohatak
    Haryana, India

    * pharma.bsingh@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    Generic drugs are as effective as their branded counterparts in terms of safety and efficacy. Although their exists several myths about quality of generic medicines because of its less price as compared to branded counterparts. The present study aims to evaluate and compare the quality of generic medicine with their branded counterparts as per Indian Pharmacopoeial standards and other validated methods on a commonly used type 2 diabetes drug (Metformin). The qualitative as well as quantitative studies were performed as per IP 2010. The official test performed includes uniformity of weight, disintegration, dissolution, assay and friability. Non official test includes hardness test and assay by HPLC using validated methods. The study revealed that branded as well as generic metformin tablets comply with the standards provided in IP 2010 and generic metformin was found to be 111.52% lesser in cost per tablet as compared to costliest branded version of metformin.

  • COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PHARMACOGNOSTICAL AND PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF CURCUMA LONGA LEAVES AND RHIZOMES

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    ABOUT AUTHORS
    Seema*, Parminderjit Kaur
    Department of Pharmacy,
    Rayat Bahra Institute of Pharmacy, Hoshiarpur, Punjab, India
    *seemakumar2125@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is a perennial herb, belonging to family Zingiberaceae. The rhizomes and leaves of turmeric were extracted separately with ethanol by Soxhlet extraction and the percentage yield of rhizomes and leaves of Turmeric was 12% and 17% yield respectively. The extract of turmeric rhizomes and leaves can increase the bile flow, offer protection of the gall bladder and also the leaf extract possess anticancer properties. The present study was focused on the isolation of curcuminoids by thin layer chromatography using chloroform: ethanol: glacial acetic acid in a ratio of 95: 5: 1. From TLC the better resolution of Rf value was observed in rhizomes at 0.8, 0.66, 0.51 as Curcumin, Demethoxycurcumin, Bisdemethoxycurcumin respectively whereas Rf value of leaves was 0.42 as Bisdemethoxycurcumin, when visualized under 366nm under bright yellow fluorescent. The phytochemical screening of leaf extracts showed the presence of flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and phenols. The ash value of turmeric rhizomes and leaves was 3.33% and 6.67%, acid insoluble value was 1.3% and 2% and water insoluble value was 13.3% 1nd 16.67% respectively. The moisture content of rhizomes and leaves of turmeric in IR- Moisture balance was found to be 0.93 and 0.30 whereas in Tray Drier the moisture balance was 0.46 and 0.27 respectively while the melting point was observed as 160-1630C and 116-1200C respectively which resembles the report of literature (IP, 2007).

  • QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITE AND INHIBITORY EFFECT OF AZIMA TETRACANTHA LEAVE EXTRACT AGAINST CANDIDA ALBICANS

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    ABOUT AUTHORS
    SANDHIYA.V*1, KAVITHA.C2
    1 Department of Pharmaceutics, C.L.Baid metha College Of Pharmacy, Thoraipakkam, Chennai, India
    2 Department of Pharmacognosy, C.L.Baid Metha College Of Pharmacy, Thoraipakkam, Chennai, India
    *sandhiyavaithi@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    The leaves of Azima tetracantha belongs to salvadoraceae family, commonly known as “mulluchangu” in tamil, it is a best known medicinal plant from ancient period. The plant has reported for many pharmacological action such as antifungal, antibacterial, hepatoprotective, anti inflammatory, anti ulcer, anti arthritic, hypolipidemia etc. The present study was investigated about the characteristics, quantitative estimation and antifungal activity of Azima tetracantha leave in different solvents extract (hexane, chloroform, ethanol, ethyl acetate and water) successfully. In quantitative estimation the leaves of Azima tetracantha shows 48.4 % yield of carbohydrate in water extract, 21%  yield of phenol in ethanol extract and 24%  in ethyl acetate extract and 19% yield of tannin in ethanol extract. In antifungal activity of Azima tetracantha leave two standard drugs are used such as clotrimazole (10 mcg/m1 as standard-1) and ketaconazole (10 mcg/ml as standard -2). The antifungal activity was studied for all extracts in a concentration of 100 mcg/ml, 200 mcg/ml and 400mcg/ml against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The Ethanol extract of a leave of Azima tetracantha in increasing concentration shows prominent activity against Candida albicans compared to other extract. The Hexane, Chloroform and Water extracts of a leave of Azima tetracantha shows moderate activity against Candida albicans compared to ethyl acetate extract. The Ethyl acetate extract shows slight activity against Candida albican scompare to other extracts. There was no activity was observed for various extracts of Azima tetacantha against Aspergillus niger.

  • FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ORO DISINTIGRATING TABLETS OF RESPERIDONE BY USING SUBLIMATION AND SOLID DISPERSION TECHNIQUE

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    ABOUT AUTHORS
    V.T. Iswariya*, A.Hariomprakash Rao, K. Sri Jahnavi, A.Sravanthi, P. Deepa, K. Samatha
    M.R.R. College of Pharmacy,
    Nadergul, Andhra Pradesh, India
    *iswariyapharma@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    The technique of Solid dispersion and sublimation techniques are a promising method towards enhancing the dissolution of poorly soluble drugs. The main objective of Resperidone mouth dissolving tablets is to enhance the solubility. Several formulations of solid dispersion and sublimating tablets were prepared by using different ratio of drug sublimating agent (Camphor) and carriers (PEG 4000, Polaxomer, Mannitol). The prepared Solid dispersion and sublimating tablets were evaluated for their flow properties such as bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose, Carr’s index and Hausner’s ratio. The interaction between drug and excipients were studied by FTIR. In vitro dissolution profiles of the solid dispersion and sublimation formulations were studied and compared between sublimation and solid dispersion formulation. Among all formulations SD2 formulation was shown maximum drug release in less time.

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  • PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF ZIZIPHUS JUJUBA IN LEAD INDUCED CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA REPERFUSION INJURY IN ALBINO RATS

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    ABOUT AUTHORS
    G.Hema Latha1*, MD.Sultan Ali2, C.Vijaya lakshmi  R.Kiran kumar1, C.V.H.Hemavathy1
    1 Kottam Institute of Pharmacy, Erravally X Roads, Mahaboob Nagar, Telangana
    2 Safa College of Pharmacy, Kurnool, A.P
    *hemarayudu19@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    Protective effect of ziziphus jujuba  in cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in albino rats. The main aim of the present work is to evaluate the Protective effect of Ziziphus jujuba  in cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in albino rats. Objectives are to test the  Preliminary phytochemical screening of Aqueous & Petroleum ether extracts of “Ziziphus Jujuba”. Group 1: Control group; Group 2: Animals treated with lead 0.1 ml/100 g body weight i.p; Group 3: Animals treated with Petroleum ether extract of Ziziphus Jujuba 250mg/kg; Group 4: Animals treated with Petroleum ether extract of Ziziphus Jujuba 500mg/kg.All the groups were subjected to pre-treatment for a period of 7 days except Control group. To compare the changes in Quantification of infract size in normal and treated groups. To compare the changes in SGOT levels in Control and treated groups. The protective effect of the aqueous extract ,petroleum ether extract of Ziziphus Jujuba may be due to the presence of flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids and tannins. There was a dose dependent increase in cerebral protection in terms of reduction of infarct size of brain tissue and SGOT levels in serum. Furthermore investigation is needed to find out the particular constituent which is responsible this protective activity.

  • METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR ESTIMATION OF NAPROXEN IN BULK SAMPLES AS WELL AS IN TABLET DOSAGE FORMS BY USING RP-HPLC

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    ABOUT AUTHORS
    S. Ashutosh Kumar*, Manidipa Debnath,Vaddi Pavan Krishna Kumar

    Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance,
    A.K.R.G College of Pharmacy,
    Nallajerla, West Godavari, A.P
    * ashu.mpharm2007@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    Purpose:
    A simple, precise, accurate, rapid and economical reverse phase high-pressure liquid chromatographic method has been developed as per ICH norms for the estimation of Naproxen from pharmaceutical formulation.
    Methods: The method was carried out on a Kromosil-C18 ODS column (150 mm X 4.6 mm; 5 µ) with a mobile phase consists of ammonium acetate buffer (adjusted to pH 4.0 with 1 % Triethyl amine): methanol (40:60 v/v) and filtered through a 0.45 µ cellulose nitrate filters. The flow rate was maintained in isocratic mode at 1.0 mL/min. The detection was carried out at 210 nm. The run time was 7.0 min.
    Results: The retention time was 3.063 min for Naproxen. The developed method was validated in terms of accuracy, precision, linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification and solution stability.
    Conclusion: The proposed method was adequate sensitive, reproducible, and specific for the determination of Naproxen in bulk as well as in tablet dosage forms.

  • DEVELOPMENT AND IN-VITRO DRUG RELEASE PROFILE OF SUSTAINED RELEASE FLOATING GRANULES OF CINNARIZINE

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    ABOUT AUTHOR
    Aman Mittal
    Smt. Tarawati Institute of Biomedical & Allied Science
    Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
    amanmittal_27@yahoo.com

    ABSTRACT
    Floating drug delivery systems (FDDS) are the drug delivery systems having a bulk density lower than the gastric content and they remain buoyant in the stomach for a prolonged period of time, with the potential for continuous release of drug. Cinnarizine, a H1-receptor antagonist, used for the treatment for vestibular vertigo disorders and motion sickness was selected as the drug aspirant and Gelucire 43/01 was selected as a lipid carrier in different ratio (1:0.5, 1:1, 1:1.5) along with drug to be formulated as gastro retentive multiparticulate system. The formulation F1 to F9 were prepared and formulation F4 to F9 were evaluated for in-vitro drug release and formulation F5 was selected as optimized formulation that exhibited good floating ability and zero order drug release (93.56 %) at the end of 8 hrs. The in-vitro drug release study of the aged sample show phase conversion of Gelucire. The phase conversion also caused increase in drug release. In conclusion, hydrophobic lipid, Gelucire 43/01 can be considered as an effective carrier for design of a multiple unit floating drug delivery system of cinnarizine.

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