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Piramal Life Sciences Limited (PLSL) is an independent research-driven drug company that was recently demerged from Piramal Healthcare Limited (Formerly known as Nicholas Piramal India Limited). PLSL was formerly the NCE R&D division of NPIL.

About Authors:
Mubarak Patel^*, Suresh. V. Kulkarni,
Department of Pharmaceutics,
Sree Siddaganga College of Pharmacy,
B. H. Road, Tumkur-572102, Karnataka, India.
*patel.mubarak2@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
The purpose of the research work was to prepare and evaluate the microspheres of metoclopramide hydrochloride as a model drug by solvent evaporation method with carbopol and HPMC polymers in various proportions. A total of six formulations were prepared i.e. F1, F2, F3, F4, F5 and F6. The microspheres were evaluated for micromeritic properties, particle size, % yield, Drug content and Drug release. The size or average diameter of prepared microspheres were recognized and characterized by scanning electron microscopic methods. Microspheres were found discrete, spherical and free flowing. They ranged in particle size from 45.6- 52.2 μm. Metoclopramide hydrochloride release from these microspheres was slowed, extended and depended on the type of polymer used. The formulation F2 and F5 showed consistent drug release for up to 12 h time period. Among all the formulations, F2 contains carbopol 934 and F5 containing HPMC showed the reproducible results with best release profile and good surface morphology. Release data were analyzed based on Highuchi kinetics and Korsmeyer/Peppa’s equation and all the selected formulations showed good fit to Peppa’s equation. The work has demonstrated that among all the formulations of microspheres, particularly those of formulation F2 are promising candidates for the sustained release of metoclopramide hydrochloride in the gastrointestinal tract.

At Roche, 80,000 people across 150 countries are pushing back the frontiers of healthcare. Working together, we’ve become one of the world’s leading research-focused healthcare groups. Our success is built on innovation, curiosity and diversity, and on seeing each other’s differences as an advantage. To innovate healthcare, Roche has ambitious plans to keep learning and growing – and is seeking people who have the same goals for themselves.

The Virus Research Center (VRC), Pune came into existence in 1952 under the joint auspices of the ICMR and the Rockefeller Foundation, as a part of the global programme of investigations on the arthropod-borne group of viruses.

About Authors:
Neha Sharma^*, Dr. Rajinder Kaur
Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan
* nehabtc@gmail.com

Abstract:
Main source of sugar has long been cane sugar with beet sugar contributing a very less percentage. But these sugars alongwith sweetening qualities have been found to contribute calories, which can lead to various chronic diseases. Stevia rebaudiana is one such medicinal plant which have made possible to offer consumers the sweet taste without calories. Stevia alongwith sweetner offers anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-yeast, cardiotonic, diuretic and hypoglycaemic properties. Hence there is need to study this medicinal plant to promote this natural sweetener and create product awareness. Its genetic diversity study provides better knowledge of the herb and hence its production and so that it can be used more and more by the pharmaceutical industries to serve the mankind.

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National Institute of Nutrition (NIN) was founded by Sir Robert McCarrison in the year 1918 as ‘Beri-Beri’ Enquiry Unit in a single room laboratory at the Pasteur Institute, Coonoor, Tamil Nadu. Within a short span of seven years, this unit blossomed into a "Deficiency Disease Enquiry" and later in 1928, emerged as full-fledged "Nutrition Research Laboratories" (NRL) with Dr. McCarrison as its first Director.

The Kerala Public Service Commission is a body created by the Constitution of India.

April 2012

About Authors:
S.R.Edwin Singh^*
Department of Pharmaceutics, Seshachala College of Pharmacy,
Tirupathi – Chennai High way,   Puttur-517 583, 
Chittoor (dist), A.P., India.

Abstract:
This article aims to review the recent developments in the buccal adhesive drug delivery systems to provide basic principles to the young scientists, which will be useful to circumvent the difficulties associated with the formulation design. The Rapid developments in the field of molecular biology and gene technology resulted in generation of many macromolecular drugs including peptides, proteins, polysaccharides and nucleic acids in great number possessing superior pharmacological efficacy with site specificity and devoid of unwanted and toxic effects. The oral cavity is highly acceptable by patients.  The mucosa is relatively permeable with a rich blood supply, it is robust and shows short recovery times after stress or damage.  The virtual lack of Langerhans cells makes the oral mucosa tolerant to potential allergens. Buccal drug delivery leads direct access to the systemic circulation through the internal jugular vein bypasses drugs from the hepatic first pass metabolism leading to high bioavailability. Buccal route is an attractive route of administration for systemic drug delivery. Buccal bioadhesive films, releasing topical drugs in the oral cavity at a slow and predetermined rate, provide distinct advantages over traditional dosage forms for treatment of many diseases.

Franco-Indian Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd., a name that stands for quality and innovation, is one of the major players in the Pharmaceutical Industry in India.

ICON is a global provider of outsourced development services to the pharmaceutical, biotechnology and medical device industries. We specialize in the strategic development, management and analysis of programs that support Clinical Development – from compound selection to Phase I - IV clinical studies

About Authors:
^1*Ajeet, ²Shelly Singh
¹Department of Medicinal Chemistry, S. D. College of Pharmacy and Vocational Studies,
Bhopa Road, Muzaffarnagar, U.P., India, PIN-251001
²Department of Pharmaceutics, Mahatma Gandhi College of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
* ajeet_pharma111@rediffmail.com

Abstract
Iontophoresis, a 250 years old technology for delivering the drug is simply based on the use of electrical potential. Being so old, it is still having too popped up just because of its unlimited aspects to work with. In the present review, I tried to compile the vast aspects of a drug delivery system termed as iontophoresis. Iontophoresis is one of the most interesting and challenging endeavors facing the pharmaceutical scientist. The systemic drug delivery systems often require large dose and are associated with gastrointestinal side effects, while topical application of solutions, suspensions, and ointments show variability in absorption patterns. Iontophoresis technique is capable of expanding the range of compounds that can be delivered through ocular, transdermal, ural, transungual, buccal or by nasal route.

The Kurukshetra University was established in 1956 as a unitary residential University and its foundation stone was laid by late Dr. Rajendra Prasad, the first President of India.

bioCampus, GVK Biosciences is leading Informatics Services provider with wide range of Products and Services across the R&D value chain. Considered a market leader in the development of MANUALLY curated databases, GVK BIOs databases on SAR, PK/Tox and other areas are widely used in the industry and their utility have been well documented in the scientific literature.

A global healthcare leader, Novartis has one of the most exciting product pipelines in the industry today. A pipeline of innovative medicines brought to life by diverse, talented and performance driven people. All of which makes them one of the most rewarding employers in their field.

Cactus Communications—a company dedicated to the pursuit of good English. We provide editing, educational, transcription, and training services to individual and institutional clients worldwide. All our businesses are linked together by one common factor—great written English.

ICON is a global provider of outsourced development services to the pharmaceutical, biotechnology and medical device industries. We specialize in the strategic development, management and analysis of programs that support Clinical Development – from compound selection to Phase I - IV clinical studies

SOMSHUVRA BHATTACHARYA, BINOY DAS, PALLAB SARKAR,   
4th YEAR, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology,
Gurunanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Kolkata