Articles

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
Krupa Mehta, Nitu Changoiwala, Sanjay C. Modi, Dr. Mukesh C. Gohel, Dr. Rajesh K. Parikh
L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura,
Ahmedabad, Gujarat-380009, India

ABSTRACT:
Objective:
To Formulate, Develop and Optimize fast dispersible oral films of Domperidone maleate.
Materials and Methods:
Fast dispersible films of Domperidone maleate were prepared using solvent casting method. Films were formulated using Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC-E5) as a film forming agent, PEG-400 as a plasticizer. A 3² full factorial design was applied systematically to optimize the drug release and folding endurance. The concentration of HPMC-E5 (X1) and concentration of PEG-400 (X2) were selected as independent variables.
  The Percentage Drug Release in 5 minutes (Y1) and Folding endurance (Y2) were selected as dependent variables. The prepared films were evaluated for Thickness, Folding endurance, Tensile Strength, Disintegration time, In vitro drug release and Drug content uniformity.  DSC studies were conducted for drug-excipient interactions.
Results: Films prepared were found to be of good quality fulfilling all the requirements. Regression analysis and numerical optimization were performed to identify the best formulation. Formulations F10 prepared with 2.7% HPMC-E5 and 20% PEG-400 was found to be the best formulation with 96% Drug release in 5 minutes and folding endurance 24.
Discussion: X₁ and X₂ significantly affected the Percentage Drug Release in 5 minutes (Y1) and Folding endurance (Y2). Percentage Drug Release decreased as the concentration of HPMC-E5 and PEG-400 increased. Folding endurance increased as the concentration of HPMC-E5 and PEG-400 increased.
Conclusions: Fast dispersible films of Domperidone maleate were successfully formulated by Solvent casting technique with immediate onset of action & improved patient compliance.

ABOUT AUTHOR:
Raaz K Maheshwari
Department of Chemistry, SBRM PG Govt College,
Nagaur, Rajasthan
drraazgreenchemacs@gmail.com
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ABSTRACT
The use of PPCPs is on the rise on the globe. PPCPs enter into the environment through individual human activity and as residues from manufacturing, agribusiness, veterinary use, and hospital and community use. Individuals may add PPCPs to the environment through waste excretion and bathing as well as by directly disposing of unused medications to septic tanks, sewers, or trash. Because PPCPs tend to dissolve relatively easily and don’t evaporate at normal temperatures, they often end up in soil and water bodies. Some PPCPs are broken down or processed easily by a human or animal body and/or degrade quickly in the environment. However, others do not break down or degrade easily. The likelihood or ease with which an individual substance will break down depends on its chemical makeup and the metabolic pathway of the compound. Varying concentrations of drugs found in water sources can have ill effect on the aquatic life and human health. For pharmaceutical pollution, the solution calls upon all health care sectors to participate in preventing pharmaceutical pollution. Green Pharmacy aims at zero pharmaceutical waste in our environment. It offers an opportunity for social action that will greatly benefit our environment at all levels of our society. It encourages health providers and clients to focus on healthy lifestyle and prevention to ensure their well-being through regular wellness practices. It provides education and opportunity for everyone involved with the life cycle of medicine to participate in reducing pharmaceutical pollution. With relatively simple yet firm commitments to change our habits, becoming stewards of medicine rather than consumers of medicine we effectively become part of the solution. This review paper delineates about the powerful approaches of green pharmacy that provides comprehensive solution to pharmaceutical pollution affecting much of well being on globe. Research to date points to the ubiquity of PPCPs in aquatic environments. Existing wastewater treatment facilities are inadequate and aren’t designed to remove them from the waste stream. Our current system of quantifying their toxicological effects is inadequate. Now is the time to prevent further harm to living organisms and the environment.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Edukondalu.Vanka*, M. Jhansi Rani, A.M.Sudhakar Babu, P.Venkatesawara Rao
Department Of Pharmaceutics,
A.M. Reddy Memorial College of Pharmacy,
Narasaraopet, Guntur (district), Andhra Pradesh
7yedu7@gmail.com
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ABSTRACT:
Novel Oral Drug Delivery technologies have emerged and expanded into different drug delivery System. Among them Pulsatile Drug Delivery Systems are gaining a lot of interest as they deliver the drug at the right place at the right time and in the right amount, thus providing spatial and temporal delivery and increasing patient compliance. The drug delivery is designed according to the circadian rhythm of body. System is suit for the drugs which shows high first pass effect. A pulse has to be designed in such a way that a complete and rapid drug release is achieved after the lag time. Various systems like  Time controlled pulsatile release systems, Stimuli-induced pulsatile release system, Externally regulated pulsatile release system, Multiparticulate regulated pulsatile release system have been dealt with in the article. These delivery occurs at predetermined lag time. These systems are beneficial for the drugs having chronopharmacological behavior where night time dosing is required, such as anti-arhythmic and anti-asthmatic.

ABOUT AUTHOR:
Jyotirmoyee Patnaik
Kanak Manjari Institute of pharmaceutical Sciences
Rourkela, Orissa
patnaik.jyotirmoyee@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
During the past 80 years, delusional misidentification syndromes (DMS), especially the Fregoli a syndromes, have posed challenges to mental health professionals due to a lack of comprehensive understanding of the syndromes and a lack of effective treatment. During the past two decades, neurophysiological and neuroimaging studies have pointed to the presence of identifiable brain lesions, especially in the right front parietal and adjacent regions, in a considerable proportion of patients with DMS. Prior to the advent of such studies, DMS phenomena were explained predominantly from the psychodynamic point of view. Deficits in working memory due to abnormal brain function are considered to play causative roles in DMS.