Articles

About Author: Vikas Mahajan* (M.Pharm 1^st  year), Naiyer Shahzad, Sachin Mager
Singhania University,
Pacheri Bari, Rajasthan - 333515

Reference ID: PHARMATUTOR-ART-1054

Abstract
In this study Cytotoxic potential of two Indian medicinal plant extracts were investigated. The invitro cytotoxic potentiality investigated as the ability of these two extracts to inhibit tumour cell line growth with help of MTT & Trypan blue assay. With this investigation we had also focused on angiogenesis. The cell lines studied are MCF7, A549 and DU145 with the methanolic extract of Alium sativum (MEAS) (garlic) and Emblica officinalis (MEEO) (amla). Both drugs are extracted by maceration method. The extract were concentrated & dissolved in DMSO Solvent & stock solution is prepared of conc. 1mg/10 ml. from which different conc. are prepared as 100, 10, 1, 0.1,0 .001 µg/ml. Both plant extracts preapared concentration are exposed in MCF7, A549 & DU145 in 96 well plate in which MTT dye was added later & allow it for 96 hr. after incubation period absorbance was taken in spectrophotometer at 517nm. With same trypan blue also performed & Counting of cell was done on inverted microscope.  Results indicates that the above plant extracts hsowing anticancer and antiangiogenesis activity of Same plant extract were studied on tube formation cell based models also. From this study we can conclude that both drugs possess anticancer activity for MCF7, A549 & DU145 for different concentrations.

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About Author: R. C. PATEL, C. K. BHUVA, MR. R. P. SINGH, MR. ABHISHEK DADHICH, MR. ANIL SHARMA.
Department of Quality Assurance, Gyan Vihar School of pharmacy,
Suresh Gyan Vihar University,
Jaipur, Rajasthan, India-302025

Reference ID: PHARMATUTOR-ART-1053

Abstract
Validation has become one of the pharmaceutical industry’s most recognized and discussed subjects. It is a critical success factor in product approval and ongoing commercialization. This article provide brief introduction about the pharmaceutical process validation and its importance according to regulatory provision, also provide the answer of question like why to do, when to do and how to do it. This work is to present an introduction and general overview on process validation of pharmaceutical manufacturing process. Quality is always an imperative prerequisite when we consider any product. Therefore, drugs must be manufactured to the highest quality levels. End-product testing by itself does not guarantee the quality of the product. Quality assurance techniques must be used to build the quality into the product at every step and not just tested for at the end. In pharmaceutical industry, Process Validation performs this task to build the quality into the product because according to ISO 9000:2000, it had proven to be an important tool for quality management of pharmaceuticals.

About Author: Deepali Jaybhaye, Sushilkumar Varma, Amol Gite
Department of Pharmacology, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Hospital,
Aurangabad, Maharashtra – 431001, India.
Vijay Bonde
Department of Pharmacology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences,
Sewagram, Wardha, Maharashtra – 402102, India.

Reference ID: PHARMATUTOR-ART-1052

Abstract
Tectona Grandis linn. is one of the well known Indian herbs. In Ayurveda Tectona grandis stem extract has tocolytic effect. The main syndrome of preterm birth is caused by uterus contractions from excitatory factors. Administration of tocolytic agents is a strategy to prevent the occurrence of preterm births. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Tectona grandis stem extract on the contractions of uterine strips isolated from non?pregnant female Wistar rats (250~350 g) prior injected (Before 24 Hrs) Estradiol benzoate. Contractions of the uterus were induced with Oxytocin 0.01 IU. The results compared with stander drugs like Magnesium Sulfate (75 mg), Nifedipine (0.18 mg), and Isoxsuprine (0.18 mg) along with their effect on frog blood vessels, rat and frog heart, skeletal muscle. After seeing these effects we conclude that Tectona grandis stem extract possess the same tocolytic effect as that of standard drugs.

About Author: Imran A. Kayyum. Tadwee1*, Sadhana Shahi1, Mahesh Thube1
Government College of Pharmacy,
Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India

Reference ID: PHARMATUTOR-ART-1051

Abstract
The object of this work is to formulate & observe the effect of HPMC K15 polymer on various parameters of evaluation of carbamazepine nasal mucoadhesive microspheres. The microspheres are prepared by spray drying technique with different formulation composition of HPMC K15. The microspheres obtained are meant for the evaluation for its production yield, particle size, swelling ability, Drug content, encapsulation efficiency and Invitro drug release study. IR, TLC study is performed for drug Polymer interaction study of the optimized batch. Morphology is studied be SEM. The results obtain shows that the release rate of the drug decreases and particle size, production yield, swelling index, encapsulation efficiency, mucoadhesion is increases with increase in drug: polymer ratio. TLC study shows no interaction of Carbamazepine and HPMC. SEM study reveals the encapsulation of drug in the HPMC K15 Polymer. The data obtained after Invitro release study fitted to PCP disso software for mechanism of release & kinetic model. The data also treated with design expert software v 7.1 it shows the model is significant. Overall it shows that the polymer HPMC does not posses any interaction with the carbamazepine and showing controlled drug release behavior.

About Author: 1. Shah Dhaval D., M.Pharm-II Semester, Quality Assurance Department, Gyan Vihar School of Pharmacy, Jaipur, India
2. Sharma Anil, M.Pharm, H.O.D. Quality Assurance Department, Gyan Vihar School of Pharmacy, Jaipur, India

Reference ID: PHARMATUTOR-ART-1050

Abstract
Generic pharmaceutical products need to confirm to the same standard of quality, efficacy and safety as required of the originator’s (innovator) product. Spefically, the generic product should be therapeutically equivalent and interchangable with the reference product. Testing the bioequivalence between a test product pharmacetically equivalent or a pharmaceutical alternative and a suitable reference product in a pharmacokinetic study with a limited no of subjects is one way of demonstrating therapeutic equivalence. Generic drug applications are termed “abbreviated” because they are generally not required to include preclinical and clinical data to establish safety and effectiveness. This article provides the information about important aspect involved in bioequivalence and regulatory requirment for bioequivalence study.

About Authors: Biswajit Panda^1*, Abhinav Raoot¹, Vaishali Kilor¹, Nidhi Sapkal²
Dept of Pharmaceutics¹ and Dept of Pharmaceutical Chemistry²
Gurunanak College of Pharmacy, Nagpur

Reference ID: PHARMATUTOR-ART-1049

Abstract
Excipients are all substances contained in a dosage form other than the active substance. Tablets are the most commonly used dosage form because of the ease of manufacturing, convenience in administration, accurate dosing and stability compared to oral liquids and direct compression is the preferred method for the preparation of tablets because of several advantages. In order to justify the high rise in new drug development and high industrial output demand, new excipients with purpose satisfying characteristics are the need of the hour.New combinations of existing excipients are an interesting option for improving excipient functionality now-a-days. The current review article is prepared to have a look over the recent development in excipient technology and the approaches involved in development of such excipients. It signifies the synergistic outcome of the combination of excipients taking their material property into consideration. It also emphasises on the particular material properties in terms of physic-mechanical that are useful to overcome the limitation of existing excipients. All the developed co-processed excipients are enlisted highlighting their multi-functional and beneficial characteristics. Regulatory issues concerned with the development of new excipient are also discussed.

About Authors: Mrugank BP¹,  Mangala L²,  Hareesha RP³
Department(s) and institution(s)
1. National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Department of Pharmacy Practice, M.Pharm (Student)
2. Gauhati Medical College and Hospital (GMCH), Department of Pharmacology, Prof and Head; Chief academic co-ordinator, NIPER-Ghy.
3. National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Department of Pharmacy Practice, M.Pharm (Student)

Reference ID: PHARMATUTOR-ART-1048

Abstract:
Background: "Pharmacovigilance is the science and activity relating the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other possible drug - related problems." ^[1]

Literature:Periodic safety update reports (PSUR)^[2]and Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA)^[3]are two important assets for maintenance of Drug safety Pharmacovigilancesystem as they are designed to represent the safety data on a particular drug from all the sources and geographical regions in the worldand to understand internationally, accepted clinically validated medical terminology for medical coding respectively.

About Authors: Bindi G. Chavda¹ ,Vipul P. Patel², Tushar R. Desai³,
1. Authour, R.K. College of Pharmacy, Kasturbadham, Rajkot.
2. Assistant professor (M.Pharm), R.K. College of Pharmacy, Kasturbadham, Rajkot.
3. Principal (Ph.D), Department of pharmacology, R.K. College of Pharmacy, Kasturbadham, Rajkot.

Reference ID: PHARMATUTOR-ART-1047

ABSTRACT
Chewing gums are mobile drug delivery systems. It is a potentially useful means of administering drugs either locally or systemically via, the oral cavity. The medicated chewing gum has through the years gained increasing acceptance as a drug delivery system. Several ingredients are now incorporated in medicated chewing gum, e.g. Fluoride for prophylaxis of dental caries, chlorhexidine as local disinfectant, nicotine for smoking cessation, aspirin as an analgesic, and caffeine as a stay alert preparation. In addition, a large number of chewing gum intended for prevention of caries, xerostomia alleviation, and vitamin/ mineral supplementation are currently available. Medicated chewing gums are solid, single dose preparations with a base consisting mainly of gums that are intended to be chewed but not swallowed. Today improved technology and extended know how have made it possible to develop and manufacture medicated chewing gum with predefined properties. Consequently today chewing gum is a convenient drug delivery system, which is appropriate for a wide range of active substances.

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About Author: Riddhi M. Katira¹, Vipul P. Patel³, Tushar R. Desai⁴
1. Authour, R.K. College of Pharmacy, Kasturbadham, Rajkot.
2. Assistant professor, Department of pharmaceutics, R.K. College of Pharmacy, Kasturbadham, Rajkot.
3. Principal, Department of pharmacology, R.K. College of Pharmacy, Kasturbadham, Rajkot.

ABSTRACT
Appropriate for use in this population. These drugs may be prepared extemporaneously for use in individual patients. Physical and chemical properties of drugs and excipients should be considered when preparing extemporaneous formulations. These formulations, however, may lack studies to document stability, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, efficacy, and tolerability.