Articles

About Author: C. Stalin^*, S. Kamalasivam, E. Hariharan,
Pallavan College of Pharmacy,
Kancheepuram, Tamilnadu.

Abstract:
Tabernaemontana divaricata a common garden plant in tropical countries has been used as a traditional medicine. However, no recent review articles of T. divaricata, particularly discussing its pharmacological properties, are available. In present study, the antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of flowers and leaves of Tabernaemontana divaricata linn were evaluated . Free radicals have been regarded as a fundamental cause of different kinds of diseases. They cause biochemical damage in cells and tissues, which result in several diseases such as arteriosclerosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, liver disease, diabetes mellitus, inflammation, renal failure, aging, cancer, etc. Compounds that can scavenge free radicals are thus effective in ameliorating the progress of these related diseases. T.divaricata L. known locally as ‘Nandiyavattom’ belonging to the family, Apocynaceae a common plant in India, profoundly used in Ayurvedic medicine as  Anthelmintic, Anti-inflammatory, Anodyne, Diuretic property.¹ The objective of the present study was designed to investigate the antioxidant efficacy of ethanolic extract of leaves and flower of Tabernaemontana divaricata (TALE & TLFE). Invitro antioxidant activity such as Reducing power ability ,  NBT reduction assay, Deoxyribose degradation assay was performed and was concluded that the ethanolic extract of leaves and flowers of Tabernaemontana divaricata showed significant antioxidant activity.

About Authors:Dhaval Patel*^[1], Pratham Rathore^[1], Prerna Sharma^[1], Dr. Pankaj Shah^[2]
1 Department of Pharmacy Practice,
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Jaipur National University,
Jaipur -302025, (Rajasthan), India
2 Institute of kidney disease and research center,
civil hospital, Ahmedabad, (Gujarat), India

Abstract
Inpresent study, comorbidities and laboratory abnormalities of lamivudine was analysed in hepatitis b patients. Clinical data were collected from hepatitis b patients that presented with laboratory abnormalities to lamivudine. We examined 100 patients of hepatitis b who treated with lamivudine in i.k.d.r.c, civil hospital, Ahmedabad from January 2009 to February 2011. The main laboratory abnormalities were elevation of creatine kinase, elevation of AST, elevation of serum lipase. Hypertension was the major comorbidities with the hepatitis b. The laboratory abnormalities were related to lamivudine, but the biological mechanism of the reaction is not clear.

About Authors:
Sukanto Paul, Krishan R Bhadu
Department of Quality Assurance, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Jaipur National University,
Jagatpura, Jaipur-302025,
Rajasthan, India.

ABSTRACT
A validated reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of Tirofiban hydrochloride in pure and marketed formulation. Chromatography was carried out on a BDS Hypersil C18 (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) using Buffer: Acetonitrile in the ratio of 80:20 (v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min and eluents were monitored at 274 nm using UV detector at ambient temperature.  The average retention time of Tirofiban was found to be 9.124 min. The method was validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, specificity, robustness and solution stability. The calibration curve was linear (R²≥0.9999) over the range of 12.5-75 μg/mL.Limit of detection (LOD) and Limit of quantitation (LOQ) were 0.11 μg/mL and 0.33 μg/mL respectively. This method can be successfully employed for the quantitative analysis of Tirofiban hydrochloride in bulk drugs and formulations.

About Authors:
Garg Pushpendra, Nanda Arun
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001
Haryana, India.

ABSTRACT
The objective of the present study was to improve the dissolution rate of gliclazide, a poorly water soluble (BCS class-II) drug by solid dispersion technique using a water soluble carrier, poloxamer 407. The solid dispersions were prepared by fusion method using different concentrations of carrier and the prepared systems showed an enhancement in dissolution. Solid dispersions were characterized with Differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and dissolution analysis. The study revealed that enhanced dissolution of gliclazide from solid dispersion was due to a decrease in crystallinity of drug and also due to dissolution of gliclazide in molten form of solid dispersion. In conclusion preparation of gliclazide dispersion with meltable hydrophilic polymer could be a promising approach to improve the dissolution rate.

About Author: G. Anand Rao*, V. Venu, R. Senthil Selvi, P. Perumal,
Department of Pharmaceutics,
J. K. K. Nattraja College of Pharmacy,
Komarapalayam - 638 183, Namakkal (D.T),
Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract
The main objective of the present work was to develop sustained release matrix tablets of Lornoxicam using Hydrophilic polymers viz. Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC K4M, HPMC K10M, HPMC K15M) was developed using wet granulation technique at varying ratios of drug and polymer like 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 were selected for the study. Micro crystalline cellulose and Lactose was added in this formulation as a function of binder and diluent. Prior to compression, the prepared granules were evaluated for flow and compression characteristics. After evaluation of physical properties of tablet, the in vitro release study was performed in 0.1 N Hcl, pH 1.2 for 2 hrs and in phosphate buffer pH 6.8 up to 12 hrs. The effect of polymer concentration and polymer blend concentration were studied. Dissolution data was analyzed by Korsmeyer- Peppas law expression. It was observed that matrix tablets contained polymer HPMC K10M was successfully sustained the release of drug up to 12 hrs. Among all the formulations, formulation F9 which contains 1:3 ratios of drug and polymer release the drug which follows Zero order kinetics via, swelling, diffusion and erosion. Stability studies (40±2oc/75±5%RH) for three months indicated that Lornoxicam was stable in the matrix tablets. The FTIR study revealed that there was no chemical interaction between drug and excipients.

About Author: Manoj Dupati, Shiva Kumar, Sharadamma K. C. and Radhakrishna P. M.
Provimi Animal Nutrition India Pvt Limited,
Yelahanka New Town, Bangalore – 560 106,
Karnataka, India

Plants have provided human beings for all needs in terms of shelter, clothing, food, ?avours and medicines. In particular plants have formed the basis of sophisticated traditional medicine systems like Ayurvedic, Unani, and Chinese amongst others. These systems of medicine have given rise to some important drugs which are being used in modern medicine too. This article highlights and provides an overview of the classes of molecules present in plants having specific biological activity and finds use as feed additives ensuring better health and productivity of live stock.

[adsense:336x280:8701650588]

This article is about Biotech courses, scholarships and institutes for students specially universities which offer Post Graduate degrees in research in Bio-technology. Article also looks at the specialization offered by the universities along with the total number of seats.

University Of Allahabad
Total Number of Seats - 12 seats

About Author: Patil Amol Vilas,* Madgulkar Ashwini R., Bhingare Chandrashekhar L., Bhalekar Mangesh R., Jamadar Shahaji Ambadas
Department of Pharmaceutics,
AISSMS College of Pharmacy,
Kennedy Road, Near R.T.O.,
Pune - 411 001, INDIA

Abstract
Pellets are of great interest to the pharmaceutical industry for a variety of reasons. Pelletized products not only offer flexibility in dosage form design and development, but are also utilized to improve safety and efficacy of bioactive agents. However, the single most important factor responsible for the proliferation of pelletized products is the popularity of controlled release technology in the delivery of drugs. This research article mainly focused on the Surface Morphology and Drug Release Studies on Repaglinide Controlled Release Pellets Prepared by Solution layering method with Blend of PEG - HPMC - EC Polymersof controlled release pellets of Repaglinide. Surface morphology study to revel morphological changes when pellets were exposed to dissolution study and correlate their relation from P1 to P9 batches. Amongst all batches, P1 batch selected for morphological evaluation by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). XRD study done for powder characterization of drug before and after manufacturing process. Cellulose derivative blend of Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC-K100), Ethyl cellulose (EC) and PEG4000, due to their hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties and ease of application provide desired drug release profile Upto 12 Hrs, when used in optimum concentration P1 batch (1:1%).

About Author: 1) Pankaj H. Chaudhary, M.Pharm
Dept. of Pharmacognosy, Government College of Pharmacy,
Kathora Naka, Amravati – 444604, Maharashtra, INDIA.
2) Somshekhar S. Khadabadi*. M.Pharm., PhD.
Dept. of Pharmacognosy, Government College of Pharmacy,
Kathora Naka, Amravati – 444604, Maharashtra, INDIA.

Abstract
In the present study, the aphrodisiac activity of Bombax ceiba Linn. (Bombacaceae) root extract was investigated. The extract (400 mg/kg body wt./day) was administered orally by gavage for 28 days. Mount latency (ML), intromission latency (IL), ejaculation latency (EL), mounting frequency (MF), intromission frequency (IF), ejaculation frequency (EF) and post-ejaculatory interval (PEI) were the parameters observed before and during the sexual behavior study at day 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28. The extract reduced significantly ML, IL, EL and PEI (p < 0.05). The extract also increased significantly MF, IF and EF (p < 0.05). These effects were observed in sexually active and inactive male mice.