Articles

This article is about Biotech courses, scholarships and institutes for students specially universities which offer Post Graduate degrees in research in Bio-technology. Article also looks at the specialization offered by the universities along with the total number of seats.

University Of Allahabad
Total Number of Seats - 12 seats

About Author: Patil Amol Vilas,* Madgulkar Ashwini R., Bhingare Chandrashekhar L., Bhalekar Mangesh R., Jamadar Shahaji Ambadas
Department of Pharmaceutics,
AISSMS College of Pharmacy,
Kennedy Road, Near R.T.O.,
Pune - 411 001, INDIA

Abstract
Pellets are of great interest to the pharmaceutical industry for a variety of reasons. Pelletized products not only offer flexibility in dosage form design and development, but are also utilized to improve safety and efficacy of bioactive agents. However, the single most important factor responsible for the proliferation of pelletized products is the popularity of controlled release technology in the delivery of drugs. This research article mainly focused on the Surface Morphology and Drug Release Studies on Repaglinide Controlled Release Pellets Prepared by Solution layering method with Blend of PEG - HPMC - EC Polymersof controlled release pellets of Repaglinide. Surface morphology study to revel morphological changes when pellets were exposed to dissolution study and correlate their relation from P1 to P9 batches. Amongst all batches, P1 batch selected for morphological evaluation by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). XRD study done for powder characterization of drug before and after manufacturing process. Cellulose derivative blend of Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC-K100), Ethyl cellulose (EC) and PEG4000, due to their hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties and ease of application provide desired drug release profile Upto 12 Hrs, when used in optimum concentration P1 batch (1:1%).

About Author: 1) Pankaj H. Chaudhary, M.Pharm
Dept. of Pharmacognosy, Government College of Pharmacy,
Kathora Naka, Amravati – 444604, Maharashtra, INDIA.
2) Somshekhar S. Khadabadi*. M.Pharm., PhD.
Dept. of Pharmacognosy, Government College of Pharmacy,
Kathora Naka, Amravati – 444604, Maharashtra, INDIA.

Abstract
In the present study, the aphrodisiac activity of Bombax ceiba Linn. (Bombacaceae) root extract was investigated. The extract (400 mg/kg body wt./day) was administered orally by gavage for 28 days. Mount latency (ML), intromission latency (IL), ejaculation latency (EL), mounting frequency (MF), intromission frequency (IF), ejaculation frequency (EF) and post-ejaculatory interval (PEI) were the parameters observed before and during the sexual behavior study at day 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28. The extract reduced significantly ML, IL, EL and PEI (p < 0.05). The extract also increased significantly MF, IF and EF (p < 0.05). These effects were observed in sexually active and inactive male mice.

About Author: Dhaval G. Shah^*, Dr Manish J. Patel, Dr Laxman J. Patel
Department Of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
Shree S. K. Patel College Of Pharmaceutical Education & Research,
Ganpat University, Kherva. Dist: Mahesana, Gujarat

Abatract
Human Immunodeficiency Virus is the causative agent of Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), a disease which has claimed twenty millions lives worldwide in the last two decades. Recently Imidazole derivatives, such as N-aminoimidazoles (NAIMS) have been discovered as novel anti- HIV agents. Herein, the results of 2D-QSAR analysis on these inhibitors have been reported. Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship studies have been conducted on a series (25 compounds) of NAIMS with selective HIV inhibition activity using ChemOffice v.8.0 software. The best prediction have been obtained for anti-HIV activity (R²=0.82, Q²=0.73). The equation emphasized the importance of MORAN AUTOCORELATION (BY ATOMIC MASS), GAERY AUTOCORELATION (BY ATOMIC , SHAPE PROFILE(RANDIC MOLECULAR PROFILE), MAXIMAL  ELECTROTOPOLOGICAL EGATIVE VARIATION and Km parameters on biological activity. The equation is validated by test set (8 compounds). The information obtained from this 2D- QSAR may be utilized in the design of more potent NAIMS analogs and anti-HIV agents.

About Author: Devendra Kumar^1*, Durga Prasad Dash¹, Shushank Dixit², Pragya Seth³
Department of Pharmaceutical technology,
¹Sri Satya Sai collage of Pharmacy (Sehore),
²NH-58, Bagpath road bypass, MIET, Meerut,
³Laxmi Narayan College of Pharmacy, Bhopal

Abstract
This study has been undertaken to investigate the effect of methanolic extract of almond nuts of Prunus amygdalus (batsch.) on pylorus ligation gastric ulcers in Wistar rats. Treatment with Prunus amygdalus extract of (200 mg/Kg bodyweight, 400 mg /Kg body weight) and ranitidine (50 mg/ Kg body weight) for 1 hr to the Ethanol and  rats Pylorus ligation were given and absorb the acid parameters. The present study provides a strong evidence of antiulcer activity of Prunus amygdalus extract against gastric lesions. The antiulcer activity is recognized by a reduction in acid-secretary parameters (i.e. total and free acid), gastric volume and ulcer score suggesting that acid inhibition accelerates ulcer healing, thereby strengthening of mucosal barrier. Administration of Prunus amygdalus (200 mg/kg & 400mg/kg p.o.) increased CAT, and GSH levels as compared to the negative control group, which suggests its efficacy in preventing free radical-induced damage. However, significant increase was observed all doses but in 400mg/kg were better results. In this present study was showed that there was present a significant protection for Hexosamine in all treated groups in compare to negative control group. The LPO results in showed that there was significance level difference present in negative control group and all other group that indicated that lipid peroxides enzyme was higher in vehicle treated group. Ulcer score is the counting of spots and severity of damage in gastric part by any moiety such as ethanol. Single drug treatment (200 mg/kg and 400mg/kg of P.A.E.) was effective up to a significant level (P<0.05) in compare to negative control group. Volume of gastric juice indicate the secretions of gastric fluid and it is higher in negative control group and all drug treated group was effective in relation to negative control group (P <0.05).

About Author: Vipul Kumar Tyagi (B.Pharm)
Shri Gopichand College Of Pharmacy,
Ahera (Baghpat)

Introduction
Tablet is the most popular among all dosage forms existing today because of its convenience of self administration, compactness and easy manufacturing; however hand tremors, dysphasia in case of geriatric patients, the underdeveloped muscular and nervous systems in young individuals and h case of uncooperative patients, the problem of swallowing is common phenomenon which leads to poor patient compliance. To overcome these drawbacks, mouth dissolving tablets (MDT) or orally disintegrating tablets; (ODT) has emerged as alternative oral dosage forms. These are novel types; of tablets that disintegrate/dissolve/ disperse in saliva within few seconds. A fast dissolving tablet was prepared by using various super disintegrants taken in different concentration (10%, 12%, and 14%) and one control batch is prepared without disintegrants designated as four different groups of formulations(F-1,F-2,F-3 and F-4) . Chemical incompatibility studies confirmed that there is no interaction between drug and excipients used in the formulations. All the batches are prepared by direct compression method. Effect of disintegrants on the disintegration behaviour was evaluated, and all the tablets were evaluated for hardness, friability, weight variation, water absorption ratio, dissolution, and assay.Direct compression method involves the incorporation of superdisintegrants in to the formulation. Direct compression does not require water or heat during formulation procedure and it is well suited for moisture and heat sensitive drugs. Fast dissolving tablets have so many advantages over liquid dosage form and conventional tablets. Fast dissolving tablet is suited for tablets which are undergoing first pass effect, and it is increase their bioavailability. A fast-dissolving drug delivery system, in most cases, is a tablet that dissolves or disintrigrants in the oral cavity without the need of water or chewing. Most fast-dissolving delivery system films must include substances to mask the taste of the active ingredient. This masked active ingredient is then swallowed by the patient’s saliva along with the soluble and insoluble excipients. These are also called melt-in-mouth tablets, repimelts, porous tablets, oro-dispersible, quick dissolving or rapid disintegrating tablets.

About Author: Rajesh Nuni
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis,
Vels School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Vels University, Pallavaram,
Chennai, Tamilnadu, India

Abstract
A reverse phase HPLC method is developed for the determination of Sumatriptan and naproxen in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Chromatography was carried out on a C8 column [4.6 x 150mm, 3.5mm, Make: XTerra] using a mixture of potassiumdi hydrogen ortho phosphate buffer and acetonitrile (50:50 v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.7ml/min. Detection was carried out at 285 nm. The retention time of the drug Naproxen and sumatriptan was 2.24 minand 5.871 min. The method produced linear responses in the concentration range of 60 to 100μg/ml of Sumatriptan and naproxen. The LOD values for HPLC method for naproxen and sumatriptan were found to be 3.20 and 3.36 ng/ml. The LOQ for Naproxn and Sumatriptan were foud to be 9.86 and 9.90 ng/ml respectively. The method was found to be applicable for determination of the drug in tablets.

About Author: Main author: Amar Nagesh Kumar,
Lecturer, Department of Biochemistry,
SSR Medical College, Belle Rive, Mauritius
Co-author: Robby Kumar,
Lecturer, Department of Biochemistry,
SSR Medical College, Belle Rive, Mauritius

Abstract
Objective: To correlate serum magnesium levels among pregnant women with increasing parity and comparison of magnesium levels in rural and urban areas of Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Materials and Methods: A total of 100 pregnant women with pregnancy duration of 24 weeks and more were enrolled for the study. Blood from the antecubital vein was drawn and serum magnesium levels were estimated by the colorimetric method.

Results: In all, 48% of the pregnant women had serum levels less than the normal level (1.80 mg/dl). There was a significant decrease in serum magnesium levels with the increase in parity. But no significant decrease of magnesium level in serum was found when compared among rural and urban pregnant women.