Articles

About Authors:
Pushpendra Kumar Patel*,  Narendra Prajapati , Jyoti Sahu
M. Pharma, T.I.T. College of Pharmacy,
Bhopal,
M.P. India

Abstract
It is a very well accepted fact that food, cloth and shelter are essential stuff for human beings, but the real fact behind these are only to achieve  good health , so that one can survive and enjoy the charm of god gifted life. As the health is prime importance than any of others, so it’s novel responsibility of that person to keep the world healthy, and that person is proudly called as health care professional, Dr. and pharmacist both comes under it, but the pharmacist is the base of health care profession. A person who is directly and actively involved in the life cycle of medicine. It concludes study from new entity to its elimination. Simply the person deals with biochemical mechanism of action of drug, drugs therapeutic role, side effect, potential interaction, and monitoring parameter.

About Authors:
Middha Akanksha*, Kataria Sahil, Sandhu Premjeet, Arora Praveen
Seth G. L. Bihani S.D. College of Technical Education,
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research,
Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan,
INDIA
*Akankshamddh@gmail.com

Abstract
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy is not limited to the study of protons. Any element with a nuclear spin (¹³C, ¹⁷O, ¹⁹F, ³¹P and many others) will give rise to an NMR signal.Carbon-13 NMR (¹³C NMR or referred to as carbon NMR) is the application of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy applicable to carbon. It is similar to proton NMR (1 H NMR) and allows the identification of carbon atoms whereas in other identification of H. As such ¹³C NMR is an important tool in chemical structure elucidation in organic chemistry. ¹³C NMR detects only the 13C isotope of carbon, whose natural abundance is only 1.1%, because  the main carbon isotope, 12 C, is not detectable by NMR since it has zero net spin.

About Authors:
Amol A. Dambal
Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry
Govt. College of pharmacy, Kathora naka,
Amravati-444604. (M.S.), INDIA.

ABSTRACT:
The Bark of Terminalia arjuna is considered as a  Cardioprotective and hypolipidemic in folklore medicine. In present investigation, the detailed pharmacognostic study of Terminalia arjuna Bark is carried out to lay down the standards which could be useful in future experimental studies. The study includes macroscopy, microscopy, preliminary phytochemical screening and physicochemical evaluation.

About Authors:
Jaideep Sharma
Guru jambheshwar university of science & technology    
Hisar,
Haryana

Cancer, known medically as a malignant neoplasm is a term for a large group of different disease, all involving unregulated cell growth. In cancer, cells divide and grow uncontrollably, forming malignant tumours, and invade nearby parts of the body. The cancer may also spread to more distant parts of the body through the lymphatic system or bloodstream. Not all tumours are cancerous. Benign tumours do not grow uncontrollably, do not invade neighbouring tissues, and do not spread throughout the body.
Healthy cells control their own growth and will destroy themselves if they become unhealthy. Cell division is a complex process that is normally tightly regulated. Cancer occurs when problems in the genes of a cell prevent these controls from functioning properly. These problems may come from damage to the gene or may be inherited, and can be caused by various sources inside or outside of the cell. Faults in two types of genes are especially important: ontogenesis, which drive the growth of cancer cells, and tumour suppressor genes, which prevent cancer from developing.

About Authors:
Debayan Dey*, G.D Pattnaik, Bijay kumar Sahoo
Dept.of Pharmaceutics
College of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Puri, Orissa

INTRODUCTION
Oral administration is the most convenient and preferred means of any drug delivery to the systematic circulation. Oral controlled release drug delivery have recently been of increasing interest in pharmaceutical field to achieve improved therapeutic advantages, such as ease of dosing administration, patient compliance and flexibility in formulation. Drugs that are easily absorbed from gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and have short half-lives are eliminated quickly from the systemic circulation. Frequent dosing of these drugs is required to achieve suitable therapeutic activity.

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About Authors:
Nishant Gupta
Department of pharmaceutics,
B.N. College of pharmacy,
Udaipur-313002,
Rajasthan

ABSTRACT:
Paroxetine (PRX) crystals exhibit poor compressibility, poor flowability and its tablets show a tendency to cap. To improve the mechanical strength of tablets several kinds of “Paroxetine for direct compression” are present on the market. Current research demonstrated the best tablet properties with coated paroxetine (mass of tablets, diameter, height and mechanical strength, friability RSD<2%). Furthermore, coated paroxetine in combination with both investigated superdisintegrants such as Vivasol® and Polyplasdone® XL-10 shows faster disintegration time and dissolution rate in comparison to paroxetine for direct compression. Eventually, the major advantages of the formulation with coated paroxetine for industrial production are decrease of friability and superiority in terms of flowability, compressibility, quick disintegration and dissolution. Regarding the results, coating of PRX particles is beneficial for the manufacturing of tablets with immediate release.

About Authors:
Nishant Gupta
Department of pharmaceutics,
B.N. College of pharmacy,
Udaipur-313002,
Rajasthan

ABSTRACT:
Cancer is the leading cause of death in the United States among people younger than 85 years, and for the first time has surpassed heart disease as the number one killer. This worrisome statistic has resulted not from an increase in the incidence of cancer, but because deaths from heart disease have dropped nearly in half while the number of cancer-related deaths has remained about the same. This fact accentuates the need for a new generation of more effective therapies for cancer. Cancer patients are typically exposed to chemotherapy and radiation therapy in separate treatment rounds, doubling their emotional and physical stress. Biopharmaceutical researchers are now working on 887 medicines for cancer, according to a new report by the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA). Many are high-tech weapons to fight the disease, while some involve innovative research into using existing medicines in new ways. Few things cause patients more fear and apprehension than a cancer diagnosis. But today—because of early detection and a steady stream of new and improved treatments—cancer increasingly can be managed and even beaten.

About Authors:
DHAVAL PATEL ^*[1], Dr. PANKAJ SHAH ^[2]
1 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Jaipur National University, Jaipur -302025, (Rajasthan.), India
² institute of kidney disease and research center,
Civil hospital, Ahmedabad (Gujarat), India

Abstract:
Inpresent study, comorbidities and laboratory abnormalities of telbivudine was analysed in hepatitis b patients. Clinical data were collected from hepatitis b patients that presented with laboratory abnormalities to telbivudine. We examined 100 patients of hepatitis b  who treated with telbivudine in i.k.d.r.c, civil hospital, Ahmedabad from January 2009 to February 2011, out of these twenty patients had used other nucleoside analogue in past. The main laboratory abnormalities were elevation of creatine kinase, elevation of ALT and elevation of AST. Hypertension was the major comorbidities with the hepatitis b.The laboratory abnormalities were related to telbivudine, but the biological mechanism of the reaction is not clear.

About Author: Rinki Verma (Research fellow)
Center of Experimental Medicine and Surgery,
Institute of Medical science
Banaras Hindu University
Varanasi - 221005

Abstract:
In 1965 ,  firstly fragility was reported in cells of  a femeal previously irradiated and described  as non-random human chromosome called “ Fragile sites”  are heritable specific chromosome loci that exhibit an increased frequency of gaps, poor staining, constrictions or breaks when chromosomes are exposed to partial DNA replication inhibition. They constitute areas of chromatin that fail to compact during mitosis. They are classified as rare or common depending on their frequency within the population and are further subdivided on the basis of their specific induction chemistry into different groups differentiated as folate sensitive or non-folate sensitive rare fragile sites, and as aphidicolin, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) or 5-azacytidine inducible common fragile sites. Most of the known inducers of fragility share in common their potentiality to inhibit the elongation of DNA replication, particularly at fragile site loci. There are seven non-similar folate sensitive (FRA10A, FRA11B, FRA12A, FRA16A, FRAXA, FRAXE and FRAXF) and two non-folate sensitive (FRA10B and FRA16B) and  have been molecularly characterized. Due to dynamic mutation formed DNA repeat sequences and  involving the normally occurring polymorphic CCG/CGG trinucleotide repeats at the folate sensitive and AT-rich minisatellite repeats at the non-folate sensitive fragile sites. These rare fragile site FRAXA is the most important fragile site as it is associated with the fragile X syndrome significant to the clinical side and also explained the predisposition of tumors.