Pharmacology Articles

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Sachin B. Khetmalas*, Pramod B. Ghanwat, Rushikesh T. Bande
Govt. college of pharmacy, Amravati,
kathora naka, Amravati(Maharashtra) 444604.
*sachin.khetmalas@gmail.com

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Vishal V. Timaliya*, Prof.Mital v. Dalal
Gujarat Technical University
*vishal.vishal.timaniya@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
The main objectives of this study were the prevalence of depression and cognitive function impairments in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
An observational study performed on 60 patients with CKD stage IV and V undergoing hemodialysis two or three times in a week and CKD stage I to III without hemodialysis. Depressive symptomatology, defined by a Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) score of 16 or higher and cognitive function measured by Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) questionnaire. All data was analyzed by MS excel and Graph pad Prism 5.0.

About Authors:
Virag A. Shah^1*, Tarashankar Basuri¹, Vishal S. Modi¹, Rohit R. Shah², Dhananjay S. Ghodke^2
1 SSR College of pharmacy, Silvassa, U.T of Dadra & Nagar Haveli-396230
² Appasaheb Birnale College of Pharmacy, Sangli, Dist: Sangli, Maharashtra- 416416
*viragshah687@gmail.com

Abstract:
Cyclodextrins (CDs) due to their inclusion formation ability finds wider applicability in Novel Drug Delivery Systems as well as in Pharma industries. This review highlights and focuses on history of CD molecules, their chemistry, need for derivatizations of CDs, production method, CDs inclusion complexes and various methods used for complexation. The article also focuses on various effects of CDs on drug solubility and dissolution, bioavailability, stability, and safety. Some important drug delivery systems which utilize CDs are also summarized with a brief overview on recent advances in CDs.

About Authors
Mr. Suman Saha^1*, Dr. S.Chakraborty², Dr. A.K.Bandyopadyay^3
1 M.Pharm, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata
² MD, Consultant Anaesthesiologist, AMRI hospitals, Kolkata
³ Professor, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata
*suman.ju01@gmail.com

Abstract:
Pain is the most common symptom prompting patients to seek medical attention and is reported by more than 80% of individuals who undergone their preliminary treatment. In case of surgery most of the patients suffer from mild to severe pain due to  huge number of tissue damage. Thus pain control is an important part for the patients who had undergone some surgery. Good pain control is needed to prevent the negative outcomes such as tachycardia, hypertension, Myocardial Ischemia etc. and provide better medical outcome. Pain can be assessed by different techniques but the most widely accepted technique is Visual analog scale (VAS) method. This article reviews a number of paper published internationally over this emergent topic and gives a brief overview related to pain assessment technique, mechanism of pain management and newer approaches taken to control pain.