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  • PHARMACODYNAMIC INTERACTION OF FENUGREEK LEAVES EXTRACT WITH FLUVASTATIN IN DIABETES INDUCED VASCULAR DYSFUNCTION

    About Authors:
    ATUL KABRA* , PREMAL KAPADIA
    Department of Pharmacology,
    G.H.B Pharmacy college,
    Aniyad, Gujarat

    * atul.kbr@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT:
    The cardiovascular risk factors were significantly abnormally altered in diabetic rats when compared to normal control. The present study FLEt with low dose of OHA’s indicates the significant improvement in endothelial dependent vasodilatation because the percentage relaxation produced by acetylcholine was more significant when these groups were compared with diabetic control.However all the treated groups restored these changes significantly to normal conditions in diabetic rats when compared to diabetic control. The combined therapy of FLEt and Fluvastatin was found to be significantly effective. Moreover, this combination was also found to demonstrate synergistic behavior than pioglitazone plus fluvastatin.
    We conclude that of preventive therapy with combination of FLEt with OHA’s (low dose) may prevent the endothelial dysfunction in diabetic patients (prediabetic state) due to free radical scavenging activity, metabolic control.

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  • A General Overview On: Dentifrices

    About Authors:
    1Shashi Kant*, Satinder Kumar,
    Research Scholar Department of Pharmacy.
    2Dr. Bharat Prashar
    HOD & Associate professor,
    Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
    Manav Bharti University, Solan (H.P)

    * shashi_ranaute@yahoo.in

    Abstract:
    In this general overview, we discussed about dentifrices, types of dentifrices, formulation, evaluation and its recent trends. There have been many dentifrices produced over the years, many focusing on marketing strategies to sell products, such as offering whitening capabilities. The most essential dentifrice recommended by dentists is toothpaste which is used in conjunction with a toothbrush to help remove food debris and dental plaque.

  • FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FAST DISSOLVING TABLET OF ATENOLOL USING SUPER DISINTEGRANT - CROSS POVIDONE AND SWEETENING AGENT - SUCRALOSE

    About Authors:
    Mizna Nigarish*, Vandana Arora Sethi
    Lloyd Institute of Management and Technology
    Plot no.2 knowledge park-2,
    Greater Noida-201306 (U.P)
    *mnigarish2@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    The present study has been undertaken to prepare fast dissolving tablets of atenolol by direct compression method with a view to enhance patient compliance. The superdisintegrant used in this study was crosspovidone and sucralose as a sweetening agent. A new formulation of atenolol tablet was designed and compressed by direct compressionmethod. Then its physical parameters including hardness, friability, diameter, thickness, disintegration time, dissolution test were performed for evaluation and characterization of this new formulation. It was observed in the result that the tablet formulation F-4 was found to have maximum drug release at the end of 6 minutes and considered as the most effective formulation. It was also concluded that direct compression technique is a useful method for preparing fast dissolving tablets.

  • TASTE MASKING OF BITTER DRUGS USING DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES FOR BETTER PATIENT COMPLIANCE: AN OVERVIEW

    About Authors:
    MIZNA NIGARISH*, VANDANA ARORA, SAVITA BHATI
    LLYOD INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY
    PLOT NO.2 KNOWLEDGE PARK-2
    GREATER NOIDA-201306
    (U.P)

    *mnigarish2@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT:
    Taste is an important parameter in administering drugs orally, unwanted or bitter taste is one of the most important formulation problems that are encountered with many drugs and it becomes very necessary for bitter drugs to improve the patient compliance especially in the pediatric and geriatric patients. To overcome with this problem certain taste masking techniques are used in this article, the main aim is to combat with the bitterness using various technologies so as to obtain the desired drug.

  • A REVIEW OF FREE RADICALS AND RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

    About Authors:
    Purbajit Chetia*, Manash Pratim Pathak, Prerona Das
    Deptt. of Pharmacology,
    Himalayan Pharmacy Institute, Majhitar,
    Rangpo, E- Sikkim(737132)

    *purbasiv@yahoo.com

    ABSTRACT:
    A free radical is an atom or group of atoms that contains at least one unpaired electron and can easily bond with another atom or molecule, causing a chemical reaction. Free radical is essential for body’s normal physiological functions. But when produced in excess quantities it can causes damage to the cells of the body. Human body generates pro-oxidants in the form of ROS and RNS which are effectively kept in check by the various levels of antioxidant defense. However, when it gets exposed to adverse physicochemical, environmental or pathological agents this delicately maintained balance is shifted in favor of pro-oxidants resulting in ‘oxidative stresses’. It has been implicated in the etiology of several human diseases including Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and in the process of ageing.At high concentrations, ROS can be important mediators of damage to cell structures, nucleic acids, lipids and proteins in case of the patients those who are suffering from RA. The hydroxyl radical is known to react with all components of the DNA molecule, damaging both the purine and pyrimidine bases and also the deoxyribose backbone.  Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the joints and tissue around the joints with infiltration of macrophages and activated T cells. The pathogenesis of this disease is linked predominantly with the formation of free radicals at the site of inflammation. The review is focusing the evidences concerning the involvement of free radicals in Rheumatoid Arthritis and their relationship to specific pathophysiological events.

  • REVIEW ON ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OBTAINED FROM SESELI INDICUM

    About Author:
    NITESH.P.SHARMA, AJAY.GUPTA
    IDEAL COLLEGE OF PHARMACY AND RESEARCH, KALYAN
    MUMBAI UNIVERSITY

    Sharmanitesh479@yahoo.com

    ABSTRACT:
    The antibacterial activity of essential oils and their derivatives has been recognized for a long time. In the present study, the antibacterial properties of the essential oils obtained from the seeds of Seseli indicum, of Apiaceae family a wild weed found in the flood prone area of river Tapti, Gorakhpur (India). The essential oil obtained from seed was 3.4%. Essential oils were investigated for activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis using a punched-hole method. Essential oils inhibited all bacteria at both, low and high concentration. The results of this study confirmed the possibility of using Seseli indicum essential oils in broad spectrum antibacterial activities.

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  • EVALUATION OF ANTIULCER ACTIVITY OF FRUIT EXTRACT OF Ziziphus jujuba IN RATS

    About Author:
    ATUL KABRA*, NITIN PATEL
    Department of Pharmacology
    G.H.B Pharmacy college,
    Aniyad, Gujarat

    * atul.kbr@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT:
    The antiulcer effect of aqueous fruit extract of Zizizphus jujuba was studied in ethanol induced ulcer model in rats. The extract dose of 50 mg/kg, 100mg/kg, 200 mg/kgproduced significant inhibition of gastric lesion induced by ethanol. The extarct reduced ulcerative lesion, gastric volume, total acidityin ethanol induced ulcer model.The result obtained suggesting that extract possesses significant antiulcer activity. 

  • PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NIOSOMES CONTAINING ACECLOFENAC

    About Author:
    Patel Sanjay P
    Sanjeevan College Of Pharmacy,
    Behind Shyam Sarovar Township,
    Jaipur-Agra Highway,Dausa-303303,Rajasthan
    sanonly4frdz@gmail.com,sanjay_411987@yahoo.com

    1.Abstract
    Aceclofenac is a drug with narrow therapeutic index and short biological half-life, so can achieve steady state concentration rapidly. This study was aimed at developing and optimizing niosomal formulation of aceclofenac in order to improve its bioavailability as compare to liposomes.This niosome is prepared by modified ether injection technique. In this span 60 & span 20 is used as non ionic surfactants. Different 6 formulation are prepared, In this NFS-1 to 3 formulation are prepared using the span 60 & NFS-4 to 6 are prepared using span 20 along with different proportion of cholesterols. Because of the presence of nonionic surfactant with the lipid, there is better targeting of drugs to tumor, liver and brain. In evaluation study, the effect of the varying composition of non ionic surfactant and cholesterol on the properties such as drug entrapment efficiency, drug content, particle size & shape and drug release were studied. Moreover, the release of the drug was also modified and extended over a period of 72 h in all formulations. NSF-3 emerged as the most satisfactory formulation. Further, release of the drug from the most satisfactory formulation NSF-6 was evaluated through dialysis membrane to get the idea of drug release. The mechanism of dug release was governed by K- Peppas model. In all the niosomes prepared with spans, as the concentration of surfactant increased drug entrapment efficiency increased. Among the spans, span 60 having high phase transition temperature (gel to liquid transformation) and having critical packing parameter (CPP) ranging from 0.5 to 1 entrap drug molecule without any cholesterol. The only drawback of span 60 vesicles was rapid leakage of drug from the vesicle because of high phase transition temperature. In all the cases the best fit model was found to be Peppas with ‘n’ value between 0.65 to 0.73 suggesting the non fickian (anomalous) release mechanism for the drug i.e., erosion followed by diffusion controlled. Formulation NSF-6 showed high entrapment efficiency (96.07%±0.35), particle size (4.22±0.47μm) and drug release (87.21%) over 72 h. Hence it was considered to be good niosomal formulation with greater bioavailability.

  • FORMULATION AND EVALUATION MULTIPARTICULATE SYSTEM OF RABEPRAZOLE SODIUM

    About Authors:
    Sriharsha Vardhan
    SRM College of Pharmacy,
    Chennai, Tamil Nadu

    sriharshavardhan.51@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    The present study is formulating Rabeprazole modified release beads (Immediate and Time, Pulsatile Release) and to target the release of the drug in intestine and to avoid stability related problems. Preparation of immediate release (IR) Rabeprazole beads has done by drug layering process and barrier coated beads by providing an enteric coating membrane on IR beads. Timed release beads has done by providing a Film coating for IR and lag time coating for TPR (Timed, Pulsatile Release)  on enteric coated beads. Encapsulation Process and evaluation of enteric coated IR and TPR beads has done by physical evaluation and chemical evaluation. Stability studies have done for best quality Rabeprazole IR and TPR enteric coated beads formulations. Based on the results Formulation 3 and Formulation 9 were selected as the best formulation developed for Rabeprazole Dual Drug Release Capsules.

  • Synthesis and Antimicrobial activity of Bulky molecules comprising Benzothiazole and Sulphonamide moieties

    About Authors:
    Pritesh R. Patel*, Priyank Patel, Jagath Pillai, Nilesh Darji, Bhagirath Patel
    Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
    Sat Kaival College of Pharmacy, Sarsa,
    Ta & Dist: Anand (Gujarat), India-388365

    *prit.pharma@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    As part of ongoing studies in developing new antimicrobials, a novel series of 4-acetamido-N-(substituted 1, 3-benzothiazol-2-yl) benzenesulphonamide and N-(substituted 1, 3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-4-(substituted aryl diazenyl) benzenesulphonamide were synthesized in order to determine their antibacterial and antifungal activity. The synthesized compounds were tested in vitro against two Gram-positive bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis; two Gram-negative bacteria like Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosaand one fungal strain Candida albicans in comparison with standard drugs. Microbiological results showed that the synthesized compounds possessed a broad spectrum of antibacterial and antifungal activity against the tested microorganisms. The compounds with a 6-chloro (SK5b), 7-chloro-6-fluoro(SK5d) and 6-nitro (SK5e) on 2-amino benzothiazole ring possessing azo linkage showed better antimicrobial activity; almost similar or less to that of standard drugs thus they could be promising candidates for novel drugs. The novel heterocyclic derivatives were characterized by Physical characterization (Melting point, TLC) and different Spectroscopy techniques (IR, 1H NMR and Mass spectroscopy).

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