Kolkata

The institute has evolved over the years into a multi-disciplinary research organization with stress on fundamental research in its pursuit of advancement of knowledge in Science and technology and at the same time developing highly competent and able scientific manpower for the country.

The All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) was established by an Act of Parliament (No. 52 of 1987) with a view to provide proper planning and coordinated development of the technical education system throughout the country, the promotion of qualitative improvements of such education in relation to planned quantitative growth and the regulation and proper maintenance of norms and standards in the technical education system and for matters connected therewith.

Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute (CGCRI) originally proposed to be named as Central Glass & Silicate Research Institute is one of the first four laboratories decided to be set up under the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, the other three being National Chemical Laboratory,Pune; National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi and Central Fuel Research Institute, Dhanbad. Even though it started functioning in a limited way in 1944, the Institute was formally inaugurated on August 26, 1950.

The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi, the apex body in India for the formulation, coordination and promotion of biomedical research, is one of the oldest medical research bodies in the world.

About Authors
Mr. Suman Saha^1*, Dr. S.Chakraborty², Dr. A.K.Bandyopadyay^3
1 M.Pharm, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata
² MD, Consultant Anaesthesiologist, AMRI hospitals, Kolkata
³ Professor, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata
*suman.ju01@gmail.com

Abstract:
Pain is the most common symptom prompting patients to seek medical attention and is reported by more than 80% of individuals who undergone their preliminary treatment. In case of surgery most of the patients suffer from mild to severe pain due to  huge number of tissue damage. Thus pain control is an important part for the patients who had undergone some surgery. Good pain control is needed to prevent the negative outcomes such as tachycardia, hypertension, Myocardial Ischemia etc. and provide better medical outcome. Pain can be assessed by different techniques but the most widely accepted technique is Visual analog scale (VAS) method. This article reviews a number of paper published internationally over this emergent topic and gives a brief overview related to pain assessment technique, mechanism of pain management and newer approaches taken to control pain.

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IICB Institute was established in 1935 as the first non official centre in India for biomedical research and was included within the aegis of CSIR in 1956.
IICB today is engaged in research on diseases of national importance and biological problems of global interest, employing sophisticated state-of-the-art technology in keeping with the rapid and unprecedented momentum that life science research has gained globally over the last 50 years.

Established in 1889, the Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) is one of the premier research institutions dedicated to livestock research and development of the region. The institute with faculty strength of more than 275 has a major mandate of research, teaching, consultancy and technology transfer activities. The institute with its long scientific heritage has always enjoyed a certain prestige, a tradition all of its own.