About Authors:
Birajdar Shivprasad M.*, Mule Madhav¹
*Department of Quality Assurance, Maharashtra College of Pharmacy, Nilanga.
¹School of Pharmacy, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University
Vishnupuri, Nanded-431606, Maharashtra, India,
*birajdar100@gmail.com

Abstract
Preservatives have been used and known to mankind since a very long time. These are used in cosmetics to increase the shelf life of product so that aroma, taste and the cosmetics itself can be stored for a longer period of time. Also cosmetics degradation is prevented by them. Preservatives, whether natural or artificial, work as in three different ways: Antimicrobial, Antioxidants and Act on enzymes. In antimicrobial, the growth of microbes like bacteria and fungi is inhibited. In antioxidants the process of oxidation is either delayed or stopped. And the one that acts on enzymes stops the ripening or aging of cosmetics product. Preservation is important part in many industries, such as the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, as the shelf life of many cosmetic and pharmaceutical products is important. The present review is an extensive compilation of various preservatives obtained from plant, synthetic and microbial source.The safety of preservatives is always coming into question. Since these are all biologically active products, they all have potential for being toxic, or irritating, or sensitizing.

The PGIMER owes its inception to the vision of late Sardar Partap Singh Kairon, the then Chief Minister of Punjab and the distinguished medical educationists of the then combined state of Punjab, supported by the first Prime Minister of India Pt.

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About Authors:
A.D.Taranalli, Dilip Patoliya*, Sonal Chanchlani, Vishal Patel, Keyur Makadiya
Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics,
K.L.E. University’s College of Pharmacy, Belgaum.
*Dilip_patoliya@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT:
Ulcerative colitis is a chronically recurrent inflammatory bowel disease of unknown origin in which oxidative stress has been implicated. The main aim of the present study was to evaluate possible protective effect of alcoholic extract of Aloe Vera against the drug induced model of colitis in rats. Induction of colitis by colonic administration of drugs(Acetic acid, Indomethacin and TNBS) cause severe microscopic inflammation of colon after 24 hrs of administration of one of any above  inducing agent, as assessed by the macroscopically. Microscopically colonic tissue showed ulceration, oedema and inflammatory cell infiltration. Biochemical estimation studies revealed decrease in serum levels of lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) may be due to increase in Colonic concentration of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF- α) and neutrophill infiltration index. Oxidative stress was indicated by reduced glutathione concentration (GSH) as well as increase in levels of lipid peroxidase (LPO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in colonic tissue. Pretreatment with Aloe Vera extract at a dose of (400mg/kg/day, orally),10 days before induction of colitis increase level of serum LDH and GHS, while colonic concentration of LPO and MPO was increased. It also showed decrease in macroscopic score. The findings of the present study provide evidence that Aloe Vera extract may be beneficial in inflammatory bowel disease.

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About Authors:
*Anton Vinoth.T , Prof .K. Nagarajan , Mr. Manikandan
Department of Pharmacy practice, K.M College of Pharmacy,
Madurai, Tamilnadu
*vinoth.anton@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Mood disorders (affective disorders) are among the most common mental disorders encountered in clinical practice and divided into bipolar disorders and depressive disorders. The essential feature of these disorders is a major disturbance in mood. Depression is common, affecting about 121 million people world wide. At its worst depression can lead to suicide, a tragic fatality associated with the loss of about 85000 lives every year. By the year 2020, depression is projected to reach the second Major depression is among the most common mental disorders encountered in clinical practice. The problems associated with depression can become chronic or recurrent and lead to substantial impairment in an individual’s ability to take care of his or her everyday responsibilities. At its worst depression can lead to suicide, a tragic fatality associated with the loss of a large number of lives every year. Depression is the leading cause of disability as measured by YLDs and the leading contributor to the global burden of diseases (DALYs) in 2000.

The present study is done as it is the role of a clinical pharmacist to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the drugs acting through specific antidepressant mechanisms and to assess the possibility of matching patient symptom profile with antidepressant mechanism to achieve more rapid response or greater efficacy.

The aim of the study is tocompare the efficacy of Citalopram and Escitalopram in the Major Depressive Disorder Patients during the first 8 weeks (acute phase) of treatment.

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Osmania University, established in 1918, is the seventh oldest in India, the third oldest in south India and the first to be established in the erstwhile princely state of Hyderabad. Throughout its existence of over eight decades, it has shown remarkable progress and sustained an integrated development of all faculties. It has significantly contributed to the academic and economic development of not only the region but also of the Country.

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Pondi cherry is a Union Territory with one of the highest levels of quality of life in the country with excellent physical infrastructure and almost a hundred per cent literacy level. It is also the place where Sri Aurobindo and the Mother chose to stay and their writings remain a tremendous source of spiritual awakening that emphasizes the progress of humanity and its spiritual brotherhood.

Working towards the preparation of articles and pharmacy books (B.Pharm, M.Pharma, Pre-PhD) as per the AICTE syllabus and in search of hard working M.Pharm/Ph.D/Post Doc candidates from all across the country, having great zeal for writing and contributing various chapters for these books as per their interest.

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The Gujarat Technological University was established vide Gujarat Act No. 20 of 2007. The main objective of the University apart from other is to develop the knowledge of science, engineering, technology, management and environment for the advancement of quality of life of the mankind in general and in relation to the domain of engineering and technological development and applications.

About Authors:
Ajay Kumar^*1, Dr. Bharat Prashar², Robin Sharma^1
1M. Pharm (Pharmacology)
²Head of Pharmacy Department
Manav Bharti University, Solan.
*ajaykumarsharma423@hotmail.com

ABSTRACT
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, primarily manifesting as a loss of memory in old aged people. In this disease the destruction of neurons in the cortex and limbic structures of the CNS occurs, particularly in basal forebrain, amygdala, hippocampus, cerebral cortex.  These areas are associated with functions of higher learning, memory, reasoning, behaviour, identification, an emotional control in brain. Alzheimer's disease is a devastating disease whose recent increase in incidence rates has broad implications for rising health care costs. Clinically, patients initially present with short-term memory loss, subsequently followed by executive dysfunction, confusion, agitation, and behavioural disturbances. This review comprises aspects of the introduction, history, types, etiology, pathophysiologic mechanisms of neurological pathways of Alzheimer’s disease and the drug treatments and their target site.

Merck Limited (formerly E. Merck Limited) was set up in India as the first Merck subsidiary in Asia in 1967. The Company operates both its Pharmaceuticals and Chemicals businesses in the country.

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National Institute of Nutrition (NIN) was founded by Sir Robert McCarrison in the year 1918 as ‘Beri-Beri’ Enquiry Unit in a single room laboratory at the Pasteur Institute, Coonoor, Tamil Nadu.