Articles

About Authors:
M.sandhya sree*, Sowmya**
*Assistant Professor ,
Department of pharmacology,
BA&KR pharmacy college,
JNTUK, Andhra Pradesh.
**MBBS,GMC,
Guntur, Andhra Pradesh.

Abstract:
The study was conducted in two villages of Guntur district (Andra Pradesh) to determine the nature and extent of health problems of rural women. The data were collected from one hundred randomly selected rural ladies by interviewing them with the help of an interview schedule developed for  the  purpose.
The identified health problems were classified. The findings of the study indicated the prevalence of a number of health problems among rural women and a need was felt for their education on health aspects. A sizeable number of them were found to have suffered from bronchitis, coryza, indigestion, constipation, diarrhea , conjunctivitis, dandruff, tartar deposits on teeth, skin diseases, gynecological diseases and some other diseases like rheumatism, arthritis, etc.
The existence of a government hospital in village had no association of significant level with the health problems of rural women. Majority of the respondents perceived the treatment given in government hospital to be not effective and several other constraints in availing of the treatment facilities.

About Author:
Maanasa.B,
Sri Sai Aditya Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research,
Andhrapradesh

ABSTRACT:
Biomarkers in general used as an indicator of the biological response, pathological response and pharmacological responses and mostly used in scientific fields. Specifically, biomarkers indicate change in expression or the protein nature that correlate with disease progression. An ideal biomarker must be sensitive, specific and accurate and must be able to reveal the nature of disease / able to predict the outcome of the tumor reoccurrence. There are different types of biomarkers individualizing different roles like diagnostic biomarkers, detection biomarkers, prognostic biomarkers, predictive biomarkers. These biomarkers are used throughout the clinical trials process of cardiology, neurology and oncology and the present article describes the biomarkers.

About Authors:
Pradeep Arora, Ashish Chauhan
M.Pharm Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Lovely Professional University,
Phagwara, Punjab.

Abstract
Present article enlights the true meaning of trademark and its role in reducing the chances of error in case of self medication due to look alike and sound alike drugs. History and origin of trademark and how the trademark helps the consumers and traders have been discussed in this article. This review article also helps in understanding various products and services for which a trademark can be used.

About Authors:
RESHMY RAJAN
DEPT OF PHARMACEUTICS, AMRITA SCHOOL OF PHARMACY,
AIMS HEALTH CARE CAMPUS,
KOCHI 682041

ABSTRACT
Dental diseases are recognized as a major public health problem, in civilized society. The prevalence of tooth decay, various dental diseases, and tooth loss are so great that a permanent healthy oral system in the body is almost impossible. Dental diseases are studied by oral examination of a particular section of the population and the incidence measured by the number of new cases occurring in a given period of time. In UK it is estimated that 99% of children under 12 years suffer from dental caries.  Modern dentifrices compositions contain numerous components that have various therapeutic and cosmetic functions. Fluoride was the first of the therapeutic additions to the basic dentifrice formulations. Most of the dental compositions contain an abrasive cleansing agent which aids in the removal of adherent deposits on the teeth. Advertising and taste rather than therapeutic superiority determine the market advantage. During the past decade, however, it has not been enough for a dentifrice to prevent tooth decay or create a smile that will win the man, woman or job of one's dreams. Now, it seems, a dentifrice must fight tartar, plaque and gum disease as well. And manufacturers do not want to forget "niche" consumers -smokers, natural product fans, people with tooth sensitivity, and those with dry mouths. Sustained-release delivery systems allocate extended drug action to treat dental and periodontal diseases compared to the conventional dosage forms. Herbal extracts have been successfully used in dentistry as tooth cleaning and antimicrobial plaque agents. Only two out of ten 5-year old have sound teeth according to the General Dental Council.The present review deals with the various novel formulations of dentifrices.

About Authors:
Kalpesh N. Patel¹*, Jayvadan K. Patel^2
1 Research Scholar, Jodhpur National University, Jodhpur,
Rajshathan, India
² Department of Pharmaceutical Technology,
Nootan Pharmacy College,
Visnagar (GUJARAT), India.

Abstract
Two simple spectrophotometric methods have been developed for simultaneous estimation of pyrimethamine and sulphadoxine from tablet dosage form. Method-I simultaneous equation method involves the measurement of absorbances at two wavelengths 215 nm (λmax of pyrimethamine) and 254 nm (λmax of sulphadoxine) in methanol and Method-II first order derivative spectroscopic method involves the measurement of absorbances at two wavelengths 250 nm (λmax of pyrimethamine) and 220.5 nm (λmax of sulphadoxine); The linearity lies between 5-30 µg/ml for both pyrimethamine and sulphadoxine for all the two methods. The accuracy and precision of the methods were determined and validated stastically. All the methods showed good reproducibility and recovery with % RSD less than 2. All method were found to be rapid, specific, precise and accurate and can be successfully applied for the routine analysis of pyrimethamine and sulphadoxine in bulk and combined dosage form.

About Authors:
Gedam V.K., Chikhle R.V.
University Department of Pharmacutical Sciences,
Rashtrasanta Tukdoji Maharaj
Nagpur University,
Amravati road, Nagpur-440033,
M.S.,India

ABSTRACT
The natual sciences simply do not provide adequate tools or perspective.They need to be supplemented with knowledge from disciplines that deals with people and system. The social development has always been closely interlinked with healthcare achievements. Therefore Pharmacy education and practice has significant impact on health improvement of nation.The pharmacist represent the third largest professional group in the world which works in community a member of  healthcare team and have special responsibilities for safe use of medicines.
In India, profession of Pharmacy is yet to boom to its fullest extent. Here Pharmacist performs job of mere drug seller only and does not practice Pharmacy independently.In developed countries in addition to traditional dispensing Pharmacist monitor the health and progress of patient and provide patient care outcomes and accordingly their education curriculum is designed.
This paper seeks a need for professional and social change in pharmaceutical education system for achieving the  desired status of pharmacist in our country. The standard of education must be evaluated for strengthening of education and profession.

About Authors:
Jyotirmoy Das Choudhury, Dr. Biplab De,
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry.
Regional Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology. Abhoynagar, Agartala,
Tripura(W)

INTRODUCTION
Nature always stands as a golden mark to exemplify the outstanding phenomenon of symbiosis. The biotic & abiotic elements of nature are all interdependent. The plants are indispensable to man for his life. The knowledge of drug has accumulated over  thousands of years as a result of man’s inquisitive nature so that today we posses many effective means of ensuring health care.
In the part, almost all the medicines used were from the plants, the plant being men’s only chemist for ages. The history of medical plants dates back to RIG VEDA, perhaps the oldest repository of human knowledge, which was written in about 4500-1600 B.C. then there is the Ayurveda which given us detail accounts of many herbal drugs. Most of the medicinally active substance are identified in the 19^th & 20^th centuries was used in crude form. But now in modern days we use to take drug in the form of dosage form.

About Authors:
Saravana Kumar K, Ramesh Y*,  
Department of Pharmaceutics,
Seshachala College of Pharmacy,
Tirupathi – Chennai High way,  
Puttur-517 583,  Chittoor (dist),
A.P., India

Abstract
Plants and their extracts have immense potential for the management and treatment of wounds. Wound healing is complicated process that involves four phases: (i) coagulation begins immediately after injury, (ii) Inflammation which begins within hours, (iii) Proliferation which begins within days, (iv) Remodeling up to period of week, months, up to year. The phyto medicine for wound healing are not only cheap and affordable but are also purportedly safe as hypersensitive reactions are rarely encountered with the use of these agents. Mainly these crude drugs are obtained from various climatic conditions Collection, cultivating, Harvesting & Isolation of active ingredients to treat various types of diseases.

About Authors:
Ujjwal S. Yeotkar*, Mahendra Nimbhorkar, Tushar A. Deshmukh, Vijay R. Patil
Department of Pharmacognosy,
Tapi Valley Education Society’s,
Hon’ble, Loksevak Madhukarrao Chaudhari College of Pharmacy,
North Maharashtra University,
Faizpur- 425 503,
Maharashtra, India.

ABSTRACT
Churna are important group of formulation used by Ayurvedic physicians to treat various types of diasease. Trikatu and Pimpali churna, as per Ayurvedic literature is used for the treatment of resperatory disorders. In the present study,an attempt has been made to develop a HPTLC  method of quantitative estimation of marker compound, piperine in laboratory prepared authentic formulation and a marketed formulation of Trikatu and Pimpali churna. The stationary phase used was precoated silica gel G ₆₀ F ₂₅₄ plates. The mobile phase containing n- Hexane-ethyl acetate, (5:5 v/v ), was used to separate the spot of Piperine. Plates were developed to a distance of 8 cm at room temperature. Spectrodensitometric scanning was performed by TLC scanner III (CAMAG) in absorbance mode at the wavelength of 339nm. The  R_f  values of  piperine was 0.44± 0.02. The method was validated in terms of Linearity, Accuracy and  Precision. The linearity curve found to be linear in between 200–900 ng/spot. The limit of Detection (LOD) and limit of Quantification (LOQ) were found to be  1 ng and  3 ng respectively. The mean results from % Recovery was found to be, laboratory formulation contain 85.13% and 83.47% while the commercial formulation shows 96.65%, and 90.32% respectively. The proposed method can be used to determine Piperine from Ayurvedic formulations.