Gujarat

About Authors:
K.S.Khatri
S.K.Patel education and research, Kherva,
Mehasana-384001
kkhatri_pharm@yahoo.com

Abstract:
Interest in transdermal drug delivery systems has increased on several fronts over the past several years because of the inherent advantages over the oral delivery such as the avoidance of gastrointestinal absorption, enzymatic and pH associated deactivation. Stratum corneum forms highly lipophilic membrane and provides the greatest resistance to penetration of drugs. A number of chemical and physical permeation enhancement techniques have been investigated. Chemical enhancers represent the most widely studied approach to transdermal drug permeation enhancement but are associated with toxicity, therefore limiting their clinical application. In recent years the emergence of number of physical techniques has expanded the range of drugs that can be delivered transdermally. Promising new technologies involved in enhancing transdermal permeation are Abrasion, Electroporation, Sonophoresis/Phonophoresis, Pressure waves, Iontophoresis, Laser Radiation,Magnetophoresis, Microneedles, Needleless injection and many more. In the present reviewed tried to discuss alternate techniques of enhancing the transdermal transport.

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About Author:
KIRANKUMAR K. VAGHASIYA
M.Sc. Biotechnology
Bhagwan Mahavir College Of  Biotechnology, Surat
* vaghasiyakiran51@yahoo.co.in

Abstract:
Biosensors can be excellent analytical tools for monitoring programs working to implement legislation.Biosensor are analytical devices which are capable of providing either qualitative or quantitative results. Biosensor technology to be in a very early stage of development. There are many market opportunities. In this article, biosensors for environmental analysis and monitoring are extensively reviewed. Examples of biosensors for the most important families of environmental   pollutants, including some commercial devices, are presented. Finally, future trends in biosensor development are discussed. In this context, bioelectronics, nanotechnology, environmental pollution, and especially biotechnology seem to be growing areas that will have marked influence on the development of new biosensing strategies in the next future.At present There are various types of biosensor available for the number of industrial and diagnostic Applications.

About Authors:
Nishant kumar singh
Research Fellow,
ICRI (Ahm) and Cranfield University
* nishantsingh.shree@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Over 3 decades HIV/AIDS have been a major globally accepted challenge, from endemic to a catastrophic pandemic & explodes globally. Estimates says 33.3 million HIV ^+ve and 2.6 million newly HIV infected people are in 2009. Since the beginning of epidemic, nearly 30 million people have died from AIDS related cause^[1].  From chimpanzees to human^[2] and then human to human (migration^[3], MSM, HS, IDU, MTC etc) and ultimately it transformed into pandemic. After 30 years we have advanced our treatment & Medicare knowledge of HIV and AIDS. Our scientist has developed several successful targets and drugs based on them, a highly effective therapy HAART currently in use (managing viral load & cell count for better patient survival rate) showing good results. Still HIV/AIDS is incurable, WHY? It shows the need of critical thinking from the very 1^st initial step i.e. TARGET. HIV itself is the target; biotech and Pharmaceutical Company must consider nanotechnology & homologous approach for CCR5. Though it seems that we have control over it but if this goes out same way, than one day just due to the HIV typical characteristic of mutation and recombination the worst Catastrophic sub Saharan-Africa epidemic will become Pandemic.[i]

About Authors:
Kiran K.Vaghasiya*, Alpesh J.Shiroya
Bhagwan Mahavir College Of  Biotechnology ,
Surat
*vaghasiyakiran51@yahoo.co.in

Abstract
Green biotechnologydeals with the use of environmentally-friendly solutions as an alternative to traditional agriculture, horticulture, and animal breeding processes. An example is the designing of transgenic plants that are modified for improved flavor, for increased resistance to pests and diseases, or for enhanced growth in adverse weather conditions. Genetically enhanced crops are one tool that could contribute to a more harmonious balance between food production and our surrounding environment.  The overall message is that biotech plants can, and already do, contribute positively to reducing CO2 emissions and anticipating the impact of climate change on food scarcity. This will increase as they are more widely adopted. This document aims to provide background information about the role green biotech currently plays, and can play in future, in helping to combat climate change.

National Innovation Foundation - India (NIF), Ahmedabad, a grant-in-aid institute under Department of Science and Technology, Government of India invites applications for following positions in NIF from highly

About Authors:
Nirav D.Langhneja^1*, Tushar  Vaja¹, Dr. Vijay K. Parmar^2
1M.Pharm, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
²Associate Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Sardar Patel University,
Vallabh Vidyanagar-388120, Gujarat.
*laghnejanirav@gmail.com

INTRODUCTION
Sildenafil citrate 1-[[3-(6,7-Dihydro -1-methyl- 7-oxo-3-propyl -1H-pyrazolo [4,3-d] pyrimidin-5-yl) -4-ethoxyphenyl]sulphonyl]-4-methyl piperazine citrate and it is a popularly known as Viagra .It is a compound of the pyrazolo-pyrimidinyl-methyl piperazine class, and is used to treat male erectile dysfunction (Boolell.M et.al 1996, Morales. A, et.al 1998). It is a selective inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specific phosphodiesterase type 5  inhibitor. The structural formulae is C22H30N6O4S. It is an ampholyte with pKa value 4 (pirydinium ion) and 8.8 (benzimidazole). Sildenafil citrate is twice as soluble in methanol than in water. Its solubility decreases with pH up to 9 when it starts to increase again. Sildenafil citrate could be determined by several analytical techniques, Densitometry, spectrophotometry, colorimetry, HPLC, GC-MS, MEKC and capillary electrophoresis.

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Post: IPR officer - 2 posts

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The Gujarat Technological University was established vide Gujarat Act No. 20 of 2007. The main objective of the University apart from other is to develop the knowledge of science, engineering, technology, management and environment for the advancement of quality of life of the mankind in general and in relation to the domain of engineering and technological development and applications.

Abbott India Limited is a subsidiary of Abbott Laboratories, USA, a global, iversified health care company devoted to the discovery, development, manufacture and marketing of pharmaceutical, diagnostic, nutritional and hospital products. The company now employs approximately 70,000 people and markets its products in 130 countries worldwide.