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About Authors:
Divya Rawat, U.K.Singh, Faizi Muzaffar
Kharvel Subharti College of Pharmacy,
swami Vivekanand subharti university, Subhartipuram,
N.H-58, Meerut By Pass Road, Meerut, Uttar Pardesh-250001, India
*drawat05@gmail.com

Abstract
Microspheres constitute an important part of novel drug delivery system by virtue of their small size and efficient carrier capacity. Microspheres are characteristically free flowing powders consisting of proteins or synthetic polymers having a particle size ranging from 1-1000 μm. The range of Techniques for the preparation of microspheres offers a Variety of opportunities to control aspects of drug administration and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of a given drug. There are various approaches in delivering a therapeutic substance to the target site in a sustained controlled release fashion. One such approach is using microspheres as carriers for drugs also known as micro particles. It is the reliable means to deliver the drug to the target site with specificity, if modified, and to maintain the desired concentration at the site of interest. Microspheres received much attention not only for prolonged release, but also for targeting of anticancer drugs. The purpose of the review is to compile various types of microspheres, different methods to preparation, its applications and also various parameters to evaluate their efficiency.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
G.Venkateswarlu*, M.Muthukumaran, B.krishnamoorthy, Ameren nishat
Montessori Siva Sivani Institute of Science & Technology College of Pharmacy-Mylavaram,
Vijayawada, Andhra pradesh-521230
*venkateswarlu460@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
The goal of this review is to provide a guide for understanding current MS technology. Mass spectrometry (MS) has progressed to become a powerful analytical tool for both quantitative and qualitative applications. Proteomics research, in particular, increasingly depends on MS technologies. Basically, any information gathered from a mass spectrometer comes from the analysis of gas-phase ions. There are three main components of a mass spectrometer: an ionization source, a mass analyzer and a detector the name ‘mass spectrometry’ is a misnomer of sorts. The mass is not what is measured; instead, mass spectrometry determines the mass-to-charge (m/z) ratio or a property related to m/z .A mass spectrum is a plot of ion abundance versus m/z, although in many cases the x-axis is labelled ‘mass’ rather than m/z. The spectrum is presented in terms of Daltons (Da) per unit charge The ability of mass spectrometry analyzing proteins and other biological extracts is due to the advances gained through the development of soft ionization techniques such as electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) that can transform biomolecules into ions. Regardless of the ionization source, the sensitivity of a mass spectrometer is related to the mass analyzer where ion separation occurs.  

National Institute of Nutrition (NIN) was founded by Sir Robert McCarrison in the year 1918 as ‘Beri-Beri’ Enquiry Unit in a single room laboratory at the Pasteur Institute, Coonoor, Tamil Nadu. Within a short span of seven years, this unit blossomed into a "Deficiency Disease Enquiry" and later in 1928, emerged as full-fledged "Nutrition Research Laboratories" (NRL) with Dr. McCarrison as its first Director. It was shifted to Hyderabad in 1958.

The Staff Selection Commission is functioning under the Department of Personnel & Training, Government of India. Initially known as Subordinate Services Commission, it was set up on 1 July 1976 primarily to make recruitment on zonal basis for non-technical Group C posts under the Central Government, except the post for which recruitment was made by Railway Service Commission and the industrial establishments.

The National Research Institute for Panchakarma ( NRIP ) is one of the more than 30 Institutes under Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, which is an autonomous body under Department of AYUSH, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India. The CCRAS is the Apex body in India for formulation, development and promotion of research in Ayurvedic system of medicine.

Dayanand Medical College & Hospital (DMCH) Ludhiana, Punjab, India is a 1326 bedded (Inclusive 800 teaching beds) tertiary care teaching hospital in North India. The institution has an imposing complex of modern buildings and is equipped with all kinds of modern facilities for providing excellent care to the patients and training to the undergraduate and postgraduate students. All the clinical departments, along with the diagnostic laboratories provide round-the-clock service at the campus.

National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (NIRRH), formerly known as Institute for Research in Reproduction is a premier research institute of the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). It is situated in the vicinity of a number of hospitals and research institutes in central Mumbai. Since its inception in 1970, it has been making vigorous efforts to improve the reproductive health of people through research, education and health care services.

About Authors:
Kritika Rastogi, U.K. Singh, A.K. Chaturvedi
Kharvel Subharti College of Pharmacy, (swami vivekanand subharti university) subhartipuram,
N.H-58, Meerut By Pass Road, Meerut, Uttar pradesh-250001,India.
*kritikarastogi6@gmail.com

Abstract
Insulin remains the most effective and durable hypoglycemic agent for the treatment of diabetes. Insulin is a major protein hormone secreted by beta –cells of the pancreas and is important for the control of diabetes. Insulin has an important place in drug therapies for insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (type I) and for many patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type II). It would be highly advantageous if insulin could be administered orally, because the oral delivery of insulin can mimic the physiological fate of insulin and may provide better glucose homeostasis. The desire to deliver protein and peptide biopharmaceuticals conveniently and effectively has led to the intense investigation of targeted delivery systems. The goal of oral insulin delivery devices is to protect the sensitive drug from proteolytic degradation in the stomach and upper portion of the small intestine.

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Mylan is one of the world’s leading generics and specialty pharmaceutical companies, providing products to customers in more than 150 countries and territories. The company maintains one of the industry’s broadest and highest quality product portfolios, which is regularly bolstered by an innovative and robust product pipeline.

Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute (GCRI) established in the year 1972, is a functional autonomous body jointly managed by Government of Gujarat and Gujarat Cancer Society. It is also a Regional Cancer Centre of Government of India and getting assistance under National Cancer Control Programme. GCRI is a unique example of cooperation between State Government, Central Government, and Non-Government Organization – Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute.

Established in the year 1998, by Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha Act 13, 1998. Over a sprawling Campus of about 247 acres, the Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya is marching towards development into a center of excellence in the arena of Technical Education, Research and Innovations.

About Authors:
Miss Tejaswini Sharma ^1*, Mr. Govind Bhandari ^2
1MAHAKAL INSTITUTE OF PHARMACEUTICAL STUDIES, UJJAIN (M.P.)  456010
²ASSISTANT PROFESSOR,
MAHAKAL INSTITUTE OF PHARMACEUTICAL STUDIES, UJJAIN (M.P.)  456010
*Sharma.tejaswini@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
The psychosomatic disorders are variant in nature and to get rid of this problem, we must understand the basics of its causative factors and their effects on sole body.
Now being herbal drugs are comparatively less toxic and has negligible side effects the use of these drugs on such type of disorders are quite encouraging. So here is the brief study on seldom diseases and their causative factors, and treatment part by herbs accordingly discoursed.

National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) is the first national level institute in pharmaceutical sciences with a proclaimed objective of becoming a centre of excellence for advanced studies and research in pharmaceutical sciences. The Government of India has declared NIPER as an ‘Institute of National Importance’.

The PGIMER owes its inception to the vision of late Sardar Partap Singh Kairon, the then Chief Minister of Punjab and the distinguished medical educationists of the then combined state of Punjab, supported by the first Prime Minister of India Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru who considered the institutions of scientific knowledge as temples of learning and the places of pilgrimage.

The history of the IIT system dates back to 1946 when a committee was set up by Hon'ble Sir Jogendra Singh, Member of the Viceroy's Executive Council, Department of Education, Health and Agriculture to consider the setting up of Higher Technical Institutions for post war industrial development in India.

Applications are invited for the JRF position supported by GSBTM in Immunology group with Dr. Reena Rajput. The candidate has to work in the field of immunology and Cell Biology.

Position: JRF (One post)

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IICB Institute was established in 1935 as the first non official centre in India for biomedical research and was included within the aegis of CSIR in 1956.
IICB today is engaged in research on diseases of national importance and biological problems of global interest, employing sophisticated state-of-the-art technology in keeping with the rapid and unprecedented momentum that life science research has gained globally over the last 50 years.

Hepatitis A, an acute, self-limiting liver infection is transmitted through the fecal oral route by a picovnavirus, hepatitis A Virus(HAV) (1). It is the major cause of acute viral hepatitis in children (2). HAV cause asymptomatic infection in young children and symptomatic infection in adults (3). A study shows symptomatic infection in 4-16% of children as compared to 75-95% of adults (1). The symptoms include jaundice, fever, abdominal pain, malaise, anorexia which resolve after onset within 1-2 months.