Articles

2 May 2011

Study of Effect of pH on Pioglitazone by UV Spectroscopy and Its Estimation in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

About Authors: Arun Kumar Dash*, Suchismita Jena, Sudhir Kumar Sahoo
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance
Royal College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences,
Andhapasara Road Berhampur, Odisha

Reference ID: PHARMATUTOR-ART-1040

ABSTRACT
A simple method for the estimation of Pioglitazone in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms has been developed. 0.1N HCl was chosen as the solvent system. The λmax was found to be 270nm and all absorbance values were carried out at 270nm. The responses were linear in the range of 5-100µg/ml. The regression equation of the calibration graph and correlation coefficient were found to be y = 0.026x - 0.020 and 0.999 respectively. The %RSD values for both intraday and interday precision were less than 1%. The recovery of the drug from the sample was ranged between 99.36 and 100.49%. The proposed method was validated for precision, accuracy, intraday, interday assay, robustness and ruggedness. Commercial tablets containing 20mg and 40mg of Pioglitazone were analyzed by the proposed method and the results were well within the claimed limits. Furthermore the effect of pH on Pioglitazone was studied.
2 May 2011

PRODUCTION,EXTRACTION AND ASSAY OF ANTIBIOTICS FROM BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL ISOLATES

About Author: D. Gopi Krishna
M.Phil
Tirumala Engineering College
Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh

ABSTRACT:
Antibiotics are one of the most important commercially exploited secondary metabolites produced by the bacteria and employed in a wide range. Most of the antibiotic producers used today are the soil microbes. Fungal strains and streptomyces members are extensively used in industrial antibiotic production. Bacteria are easy to isolate, culture, maintain and to improve their strains. Microbes are omni present and exist in a competitive environment. Bacillus species being the predominant soil bacteria because of their resistant endospore formation and production of vital antibiotics like bacitracin etc. are always found inhibiting the growth of the other organisms. In the present project a soil bacterium with the antibiotic activity is screened studied for morphological characters which can provide valuable information about the strain. The inhibitory activity of the organism is checked against some of the important opportunistic microbial flora and inoculated into an appropriate designed media depending on the bacterial requirements, and incubated for 48 hrs at 370C. The produced compound is extracted by solvent extraction and assayed for its activity. Enhancement in the antibiotic production is studied under various parameters like temperature, pH, carbon source concentration, and Sodium nitrate concentration, which may help in the industrial production. The extracted substance was found effective against the gram positive endospore forming bacilli and gram positive coci. Though a large list of antibiotics are commercially available, the search for the most potential one is still on, and this work may provide some potential information on the antibiotic production and the control of microbial strains.

Objective: The objective of the present study is production extraction and assay of antibiotics from bacterial and fungal isolates using soil as source.
2 May 2011

Study of Antimicrobial Property of Some hypoglycemic Drugs

About Authors: Amitesh Kumar Palo*¹, Birendra Kumar Pattanaik², Arun Kumar Dash³.

¹College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mohuda, Berhampur, Odisha
²Gaytri Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gunupur, Odisha.
³Royal College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Andhapasara Road, Berhampur.

ABSTRACT
In the present work, a comparative antimicrobial study of different hypoglycemic drugs (Metformin, Phenformin, Rosiglitazone Pioglitazone)was carried out. The antimicrobial assay was carried out against bacteria and fungi namely Bacillus liceniformis, Escheriaceae coli, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella flexneri, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aurous subsp, Staphylococcus epidermidis by using disc diffusion method. Dilution and Diffusion dilutionmethod were used as standard disk with Ciprofloxacin as the standard drug. The entire procedure can be carried out by inoculation of bacterial strain to the agar media in which the drug solution is added. From this the antimicrobial activity of drug was determined.
2 May 2011

CHALLENGES IN IMPLEMENTATION OF PROCESS ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGY (PAT) – A REVIEW

About Author: Amit Surani,
Dept. of Quality Assurance,
M.Pharm, Maliba College of Pharmacy, Surat
Gujarat Technical University

ABSTRACT
According to FDA, Process Analytical Technology (PAT) is a system for designing, analyzing, and controlling manufacturing process through timely measurements of critical quality and performance attributes of raw materials, in-process materials and processes with the goal of ensuring final product quality.
PAT involves the use of different technologies and tools to build quality into the products. Effective PAT implementation is based on detailed, science-based understanding of the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of all elements of the proposed drug product.
Pharmaceutical companies face many challenges while implementing PAT into their new and pre-existing manufacturing processes. This article discusses the challenges encountered by manufacturers and the benefits they can reap by successful implementation of PAT.
2 May 2011

Click chemistry - A New Approach for Drug Discovery

About Author: Shekh Yunus1, Nirmal Das Adhikary2 and Partha Chattopadhyay*
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
at IICB, Jadavpur, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata-700032, India

Source of Support: NIPER Kolkata and IICB

ABSTRACT:
Click chemistry is a modular approach that uses only the most practical and reliable chemical transformations. Its applications are increasingly found in all aspects of drug discovery, ranging from lead finding through combinatorial chemistry and target-templated in situ chemistry, to proteomics and DNA research, using bioconjugation reactions. The copper-(I)-catalyzed 1,2,3-triazole formation from azides and terminal acetylenes is a particularly powerful linking reaction, due to its high degree of dependability, complete specificity, and the bio-compatibility of the reactants. The triazole products are more than just passive linkers; they readily associate with biological targets, through hydrogen bonding and dipole interactions.
2 May 2011

PESTICIDES: A SLOW POISON

About Authors: Shanker Swaroop Sharma
B.Pharm
Sagar Institute of Tech. & Management, Barabanki

ABSTRACT:
With enormous increase in the population the demand of pesticides gradually increases throughout the world. the question arises that where the fault begins, whether farmers are spraying overdose of pesticides either to earn money or to save their crop. Movement of pesticides into surface or ground water affected human & wildlife beyond acceptable safety levels where 20000 deaths reported annually.
2 May 2011

An Article on Pharmacogenetics

About Authors:Kisananad Vishwakarma,
B.Pharm
SGI Barabanki,
GBTU

ABSTRACT:
Pharmacogenetics is generally regarded as the study or clinical testing of genetic variation that gives rise to differing response to drugs. It refers to genetic differences in metabolic pathways which can affect individual responses to drugs. Much of current clinical interest is at the level of pharmacogenetics, involving variation in genes involved in, drug metabolism with a particular emphasis on improving drug safety. The wider use of pharmacogenetic testing is viewed by many as an outstanding opportunity to improve prescribing safety and efficacy.
29 April 2011

PHARMACOLOGICAL SCREENING OF ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF KSHEERABALA THAILAM

About Authors: T.Venkatesh.Y.Nandini,L.Sai Kishore,V.Satish Kumar, P.Archana, G.malathi
Guided by: Ms.S.Rekha
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY.
Chilkur Balaji College of Pharmacy,Moinabad,Hyderabad.

ABSTRACT:
The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity “KSHEERABALA THAILAM” (an ayurvedic preparation of IMCOPS) by topical application against fresh egg white induced inflammation on Swiss albino rats. Using Randall and Baroth methodKsheerabala Thailam was investigated for the anti-inflammatory activity in Swiss albino rats against Diclofenac as standard reference and normal saline as control . The time taken for reduction of the inflammation in the rat paw was determined. The topical application of Ksheerabala Thailam exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity when compared with the standard Diclofenac and normal saline. The topical application of Ksheerabala Thailam has anti-inflammatory effect on Swiss albino rats.

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22 April 2011

Pharmacognostic Studies of the Stems of Rumex Hastatus

About Author:
Rajput Praveen Kumar*, Gahlot Kavita
College of Pharmacy,
Institute of Foreign Trade and Management (IFTM),
Moradabad (UP)

Abstract:
Rumex hastatus is the bushy shrub or undershrub 30-90 cm,high,occurring chiefly on dry rocks and hillsides on dry rocks and hillsides of western Himalayas from Kumaun to Kashmir,at altitudes between 300 and 2400 m . Rootstock woody; leaves 2.5-6.5 cm.long,hastate, thick and fleshy ; flowers pink or green tinged with pink, polygamous ,on terminal panicles;nut small,trigonous.
Leaves have a pleasant acid tase and can be eaten;they also serve as an ingredienr for chutney and pickles.Root and stem yield 21-23 percent tannin.
19 April 2011

Orthomolecular Therapy- A Ray Of Hope In Schizophrenia Treatment

About Author:
Divyasri Damacharla, Shruthi Gobbooru, IV.B.Pharm,
M.S.Ramaiah College Of Pharmacy

Abstract:
The use of prescription drugs in the treatment of diseases causes loss of essential nutrients from the body leading to various side effects. So Linus Pauling discovered the orthomolecular therapy which uses the essential nutrients which are found less in a particular disease condition. Here in Schizophrenia, certain negative and positive symptoms are observed with the use of certain prescription drugs. Besides, they are even ineffective sometimes. So, orthomolecular therapy has been developed and modified by various scientists like Drs Abram Hoffer and Humphrey Osmond in 1965 and treated and cured many hundreds of schizophrenic patients with their “Megavitamin formula”