• PharmaTutor
    3 September 2012

    ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF WHOLE PLANT OF SIDA ACUTA (LINN.F.ND)

    About Authors:
    *Virendra Sharma, Pooja Sinoriya, Sunil Sharma
    Lakshmi Narain Academy of Pharmacy, Gwalior
    Kumud23@indiatimes.com

    Abstract
    To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of methanolic extract of whole plant of Sida acuta in experimental animal models. Methanolic extract of whole plant of Sida acuta (MESA) (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg p.o.) was studied for its anti-inflammatory activity using Carrageenan induced rat paw edema animal model and analgesic activity at the same dose level using acetic acid induced writhing test and Hot plate analgesia in mice. The methanolic extract of whole plant of Sida acuta (MESA) (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg p.o.). The PI with indomethacin and Sida acuta in carrageenan induced paw edema  at the dose level 400 mg/kg were 60% and 52.5% at the end of 5 hr. In the acetic acid induced writhing test, the extract at the dose level 400 mg/kg showed 83.78% inhibition of writhing. In radiant heat tail- flick method the extract  at the dose 400 mg/kg showed reaction time 4.902 ± 0.545 (p<0.001). The methanolic extract possesses anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity.

  • 3 September 2012
    FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF CLARITHROMYCIN IMMEDIATE RELEASE FILM COATED TABLETS

    About Authors:
    S. H. Seyed Mohamed Buhary*, Kamarapu Nagaraju, A. Thanga Thirupathi.
    Department of Pharmaceutics, Sankaralingam Bhuvaneswari College of Pharmacy,
    Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, India.
    * nagarajukamarapu8@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT:
    The main goal of this study was to develop a stable formulation of antibiotic drug clarithromycin as an immediate-release tablet. The task of developing immediate release tablet is accomplished by using a suitable diluents and super-disintegrants. Faster disintegration of the tablet administrated orally minimizes absorption time and improves its bioavailability in less time.   The formulation development work was initiated with wet granulation. Microcrystalline cellulose PH 102 were used as diluent. Povidone was used as the binder. Croscarmellose sodium and pre gelatinized starchwas added as a disintegrating agent. Talc and magnesium stearate was used as the lubricant. The prepared granules were compressed into a compression machine.  To evaluate the formulated tablets as per requirements of standards. The tablets thus formulated showed  a satisfactory physical parameters, and it was found to be stable.Evalution Parameters Like weight variation, hardness of the tablet, friability, thickness, disintegration test, drug content uniformity and in vitro release studies were performed.To optimize the trial batch by    32 full factorial design study and determined  the best batch by in vitro release studies are showed that  optimization formulation (OF7) was 101.62% respectively. The  optimized formulation is further selected and compared with the release profile of the innovator product. The results suggest the feasibility of developing immediate  tablets consisting of clarithromycin for the convenience of patients with respiratory infections, gonorrhea, community-acquired pneumonia, pelvic inflammatory disease, pediatric otitis media and pharyngitis and Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) in patients with advanced HIV disease.

    [adsense:336x280:8701650588]

  • 2 September 2012
    FORMULATION, EVALUATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF CLOTRIMAZOLE SOLID DISPERSION INCORPORATED GELS

    About Authors:
    Saritha. A. Surendran*, Prof.O.G. Vinaya, Santhosh. R. Iyer, Anisha. N.A
    Calicut University, College Of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
    Govt. Medical College, Calicut,
    Kerala, India
    *sarithaasurendran@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    The Goal of the present investigation was to design and evaluate gels for topical delivery of water insoluble antifungal agent, Clotrimazole with an aim to increase its penetration through skin. Clotrimazole is a broad spectrum imidazole derivative useful in the treatment of superficial fungal infections. Purpose was to improve the solubility, invitro characteristics and dissolution properties of Clotrimazole by the preparation of its solid dispersion with beta cyclodextrin using kneading method by using different drug carrier ratios. Prepared solid dispersion was evaluated for percent practical yield, drug content uniformity, in vitro dissolution rate, DSC and IR studies. Solid dispersions was optimized based on the release characteristics, and were incorporated into gels. Faster dissolution was exhibited by solid dispersion containing l: l ratio of drug: β-cyclodextrin by kneading method. Gels have gained more importance because the gel-bases formulations are better percutaneously absorbed than creams and ointment bases. The gels were formulated by using Carbopol 940, HPMC, and Methyl cellulose and evaluated for pH, drug content, spreadability, extrudability, viscosity determination and diffusion study. Invitro drug release of clotrimazole solid dispersion incorporated gels was showed that Carbopol gels was showed higher drug release as compared to HPMC, methyl cellulose gels.  Optimized gel was then undergone skin irritation test, stability studies, and invitro antifungal test. In conclusion, the optimized gel showed good physicochemical properties, better drug release, and reasonable stability

  • 2 September 2012
    OVERVIEW ON: ATTRITION IN PHARMACEUTICAL MARKETING, CAUSES AND ITS MEASURES

    About Authors:
    Jeevan Sharma1*, Davidson Rajesh2
    1B.Pharmacy, JSS college of pharmacy Ooty
    2Regional manager, Natco Pharma litmited, Chennai
    *jeevan.pharma@yahoo.com

    ABSTRACTS:
    Attrition refers to the reduction in staff and employees in a company through normal means, such as retirement and resignation. The primary focus of this  article is to present the high rate of attrition seen in the pharmaceutical marketing  industry , its causes and controlling strategy for  retentions of pharma sales representatives. Though  attrition is a natural phenomena in all industries  , Indian Pharma marketing industries is worst plagued by It. After IT and BPO , pharma  marketing industries experience  the greatest rate of employee leaving the company for various reasons. While   global pharma  marketing attrition rate  is  10-12%  per annum, the rate of employees who leave  the organization in India is 25 -30 %.  The attrition is more prevalent in the middle and junior management level.

  • 31 August 2012
    ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF LAMIVUDINE BY USING RP-HPLC

    About Authors:
    Y. Kranthi Kumar*, Y.Prathyuha
    Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis,
    Venkateshwara Institute of Pharmaceutical sciences
    Cheralapally, Nalgonda- 508001
    *    kk16052@gmail.com

    Introduction
    The present work deals with the studies carried out on the development and validation of RP-HPLC for the Lamivudine. Now a days the solutions have gained a lot of importance due to greater patient acceptability, increased potency, multiple action, fewer side effects and quicker relief.

  • 31 August 2012
    PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF BUCCOADHESIVE BILAYER TABLETS OF ROPINIROLE HYDROCHLORIDE

    About Authors:
    M.Sateesh Kumar, C.Aparna*, Nalini Shastri, M.Sadanandam.    
    Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Venkateshwara College of pharmacy,
    Madhapur, Hyderabad-500081, India.
    *sateeshmkt@gmail.com

    Abstract:
    Ropinirole hydrochloride buccoadhesive bilayered tablets containing bioadhesive layer and drug free backing layer were formulated to release the drug for extended periods of time with reduction in dosing frequency. The tablets were prepared by direct compression method using bioadhesive polymers like Carbopol934P, Methocel K4M, Methocel K15M, Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, PVP K-30, Sodium alginate and Hydroxy propyl cellulose alone or in combination, Ethylcellulose has incorporated as an impermeable backing layer. Tablets were evaluated for  weight and content uniformity, thickness, hardness, surface pH, swelling index, exvivo mucoadhesion time, invitro drug release and invitro drug permeation. The modifiedinvitro assembly was used to determine and compare the bioadhesive strength of tablets with fresh porcine buccal mucosa as a model tissue All characteristics of formulated tablets were shown to be dependant on composition of bioadhesive materials used. Maximum bioadhesion strength was observed for tablets formulated with Carbopol 934P. Carbopol 934P and Methocel K4M in the ratio of 1:1 could be used to design effective and stable buccoadhesive tablets of ropinirole hydrochloride.

    [adsense:336x280:8701650588]

  • 30 August 2012
    A GENERAL OVERVIEW ON: STRESS AND ADAPTOGENS

    About Author:
    Sachin Kaushik
    P.G. Department of Pharmacology,
    B.L.D.E.A.’s college of Pharmacy,
    Bijapur- 586103, Karnataka,India.
    sachin_2004_kaushik@yahoo.com

    ABSTRACT
    In this general overview, we discussed about stress, types of stress, mechanism and its management. According to the report of WHO, approximately 450 million people suffer from mental or behavioral disorders like stress. This amounts to 12.3% of the global burden of disease and predicted to rise up to 15% by 2020. Therefore there is a need of an effective management to control stress and stress induced disorders.

  • 30 August 2012
    PROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS ON USE OF COMMON ANTI-ULCER DRUGS

    About Authors:
    Kalyan K Sarkar*1, Dr.Gouranga Das2
    1B.Pharm student of 2011 at Institute of  Pharmacy,
    Govt. Of West Bengal,Jalpaiguri
    2,Lecturer,Institute of Pharmacy,Govt of West BengalJalpaiguri
    *kalyankrsarkar@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT:
    A  hospital  based  prospective study was carried out on the patients  who were admitted in the  surgical and medical  in-patients department (IPD) of that therapeutic care unit atJ alpaiguri, West Bengal. Only  willing patients were included in our  study. Question series was prepared for patient's interview which include age, sex, disease conditions, generic name, brand name of the anti ulcer drugs  used  and  total  cost  of  medication on our study  period. The main objective  of  this  study  was  to  find  out  the  actual  sketch related to use of anti ulcer drugs in recent days. And finally In our study we have found that patients with various disease such as cardio vascular disease, abdominal pain, abnormal vomiting etc. were given anti ulcer drugs with main medication.

  • 29 August 2012
    DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF TADALAFIL AND DAPOXETINE HCL IN SOLID DOSAGE FORM

    About Authors:
    CHIRAG S. RAJPARA*1, JAWED AKHTAR1, AMIT KHANDHAR2
    1. Department of Quality Assurance, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, Jaipur-302025, Rajasthan, India.
    2. Zydus cadila pharma, moraiya,ahmedabad.
    *chiragrajpara2601@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    * A simple, specific, accurate and stability-indicating reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for simultaneous estimation of Tadalafil and Dapoxetine HCL, Water Symmetry C-18 (150 x 4.6 mm),5 µ and a mobile phase composed of Buffer : Acetonitrile (65:35)

    * The retention time of Tadalafil and Dapoxetine HCL were found to be10.08 and 4.45 min respectively. Linearity was established for Tadalafil and Dapoxetine HCL in the range of 8.0-60 μg/ml and 24.0-180.0 μg/ml respectively. The percentage recovery of Tadalafil and Dapoxetine HCL were found to be in the range of 99.7-100.6% and 98.07-99.09% respectively. The drug was subjected to acid and alkali hydrolysis, oxidation, dry heat and photolytic degradation. The degradation studies indicated, Tadalafil showed degradation in acid and alkali while it was found stable in H2O2, photolytic and in presence of dry heat and Dapoxetine showed degradation in thermal and peroxide while it was found stable in rest of parameters . The degradation products of Tadalafil and Dapoxetine HCL in acidic, alkaline conditions were well resolved from the pure drug with significant differences in their retention time values. This method can be successfully employed for the quantitative analysis of Tadalafil and Dapoxetine HCL in bulk drugs and formulations.

  • 29 August 2012
    siRNA TECHNOLOGY:AN EMERGING TREND IN THERAPEUTICS

    About Authors:
    Vaibhav Patel*, Punit Bhatnagar, Gopal Rai, Alok Pal Jain
    Guru Ramdas Khalsa Institute of Science & Technology (Pharmacy),
    Jabalpur
    *vaibhavpatel281@gmail.com

    Introduction
    Gene therapy by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) hasbeen emerging as innovative nucleic acid medicines with increasing knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of endogenous RNA interference. Gene silencingis a promising tool for the treatment of numerous human diseases that cannot be cured by rational therapies. The primary success of siRNA applications depends on suitable vectors to deliver therapeutic genes.

Subscribe to Articles