January 2013

About Authors:
Ravindra K. Kamble, Priyadarshani R. Kamble*
Department of Pharmaceutics and Quality Assurance,
Bhupal Nobles’ College of Pharmacy, Udaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA.
*priya.s.bansode@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Recent studies reported approval of lipid vesicles as drug carriers for chemotherapeutic agents and bio-actives which have been revealed in a number of lipid vesicles based formulations, which are commercially available or are currently undergoing clinical trials. This review is mainly focused on effectiveness and permeation enhancing controversy of lipid vesicles as dermal and transdermal drug delivery with special emphasis on recent advances in this field, including the development of deformable vesicles, ethosomes and invasomes. Only specially designed lipid vesicles have been shown to be capable of achieving enhanced delivery. The incorporation of additives, such as anionic surfactants and ethanol, fluidize the phospholipid bilayers, thus can penetrate the intercellular pathways of the skin.

About Authors:
C.P.Meher*, S.P.Sethy, B.Pochaiah
Asst. Professor
Maheshwara Institute of  Pharmacy,
Department Of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Chitkul, Patancheru, Medak, A.P
*chaitanyameher84@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Radioactive isotope, also called radioisotope,  any of several species of the same chemical element with different masses whose nuclei are unstable and dissipate excess energy by spontaneously emitting radiation in the form of alpha, beta, and gamma rays. Radioisotopes are elements that are atomically unstable and radioactive. Radioisotopes stabilize by releasing energy and matter. Natural radioisotopes, which have relatively low radioactive energy, have been largely replaced by artificially produced radioisotopes. Artificially produced radioisotopes are widely utilized as sources of radiation for radiography, gauging, and as tracers for a multitude of measurements that are not easily made by other methods. Radiopharmaceuticals are drugs containing a radionuclide and are used routinely in nuclear medicine for the diagnosis and therapy of various diseases. Presented article is concerned with brief discussion about the radioisotope & Radiopharmaceuticals.

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