Pharmaceutics Articles

29 April 2013

A REVIEW ARTICLE ON NANOPARTICLE

ABOUT AUTHOR:
Shalu Shukla
M.Pharmacy
Bahra University
shukla5828@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
The use of nanotechnology in medicine and more specifically drug delivery is set to spread rapidly. Currently many substances are under investigation for drug delivery and more specifically for cancer therapy. Interestingly pharmaceutical sciences are using nanoparticles to reduce toxicity and side effects of drugs and up to recently did not realize that carrier systems themselves may impose risks to the patient. The kind of hazards that are introduced by using nanoparticles for drug delivery are beyond that posed by conventional hazards imposed by chemicals in classical delivery matrices. For nanoparticles the knowledge on particle toxicity as obtained in inhalation toxicity shows the way how to investigate the potential hazards of nanoparticles. The toxicology of particulate matter differs from toxicology of substances as the composing chemical(s) may or may not be soluble in biological matrices, thus influencing greatly the potential exposure of various internal organs. This may vary from a rather high local exposure in the lungs and a low or neglectable exposure for other organ systems after inhalation. However, absorbed species may also influence the potential toxicity of the inhaled particles. For nanoparticles the situation is different as their size opens the potential for crossing the various biological barriers within the body. From a positive viewpoint, especially the potential to cross the blood brain barrier may open new ways for drug delivery into the brain. In addition, the nanosize also allows for access into the cell and various cellular compartments including the nucleus. A multitude of substances are currently under investigation for the preparation of nanoparticles for drug delivery, varying from biological substances like albumin, gelatin and phospholipids for liposomes, and more substances of a chemical nature like various polymers and solid metal containing nanoparticles. It is obvious that the potential interaction with tissues and cells, and the potential toxicity, greatly depends on the actual composition of the nanoparticle formulation. This paper provides an overview on some of the currently used systems for drug delivery.

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26 April 2013

PULSATILE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM AND RECENT ADVANCES: A REVIEW

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Bhaskar Ingole, Shradha Tiwari*
SSS. Indira College of pharmacy,
Vishnupuri, Nanded
*Shraddha.life10@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Pulsatile drug delivery aims to release drugs on a programmed pattern means at appropriate time and/or at appropriate site of action. Pulsatile Drug Delivery Systems are gaining a lot of interest as they deliver the drug at the right place at the right time and in the right amount, thus providing spatial and temporal delivery and increasing patient compliance These systems are designed according to the circadian rhythm of the body. Pulsatile release of the drugs is used where a constant drug release is not desired.Gastric retentive systems, systems where the drug is released following a programmed lag phase, chronopharmaceutical drug delivery systems matching human circadian rhythms, multiunit or multilayer systems with various combinations of immediate and sustained-release preparation, are all classified under pulsatile drug delivery systems. On the other hand, site-controlled release is usually controlled by factors such as the pH of the target site, the enzymes present in the intestinal tract and the transit time/pressure of various parts of the intestine. In this review, recent patents on pulsatile drug delivery of oral dosage forms are summarized and discussed.
26 April 2013

AN OVERVIEW: AQUEOUS FILM COATING TECHNOLOGY ON TABLETS

About Authors:
Parmar Krutin D.^1*, Pandya Kirtan B.², Gajjar Alpesh M.³, Zala Shivraj D.³, Kela Amit N.¹, Nathani Hitesh S.^1

1*C. U. Shah College of Pharmacy and Research, Wadhwan city, Surendranagar, Gujarat, India.²Shree Balaji pharmacy college, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.³Shree V.B. Manvar college of pharmacy, Upleta, Gujarat, India.
*krutinkp@gmail.com

Abstract:
Tablet coating is perhaps one of the oldest pharmaceutical processes still in existence. Earlier, Sugar coating was adopted for pharmaceutical as from confectionary industry. But as it was tedious process and required skilled manipulation, film coating was started to be preferred over sugar coating. Development of film coating was mainly based on solutions of different polymers in various organic solvents. All these solvents are toxic in nature. Nobody ever was concerned about the problems like material cost, toxic effects due to coating or pollution etc. In today's competitive business environment, any cost saved will improve the market viability and success of any product. Therefore, left with no other choice but to eliminate the use of organic solvents and to start using water as the solvent system for tablet coating.
The main focus of this review is, to study various aspects of aqueous based film coating.

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22 April 2013

INNOVATIVE NANOCRYSTAL TECHNOLOGY FOR POORLY WATER SOLUBLE DRUGS

About Author:
Dhananjay R. Abhang*, Sudhir S. Waghmode, Raju K.Hire, GangurdeA.B, Kasar S.A, Bairagi V.A
K.B.H.S.S.Trust’s Institute of Pharmacy, Bhaygaon road,
Malegaon camp, Malegaon,
Dist: Nasik– 423 105, Maharashtra, India.
*dhananjay.abhang@rediffmail.com
21 April 2013

CLEANING VALIDATION IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY: A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Sharma A*, Vaghela J.S, Sharma P, Sharma B, Agrawal M, Jagiwala S
Department of Quality Assurance, Bhupal Nobles’ College of Pharmacy,
Udaipur- 313002, Rajasthan, India
*life4abhishek@gmail.com
18 April 2013

SONOPHORESIS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY- A REVIEW ON THE LATEST TECHNIQUES IN T.D.D.S

About Authors:
Mary Joseph Parakka^2*, Dr. Smita Nayak ¹,
¹Professor, HOD Department of Pharmaceutics
²Bachelors of Pharmacy, Gahlot Institute of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai.
*mparakka@gmail.com
18 April 2013

TREAT AMEBIASIS BY SINGLE DRUG BY COLON TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

About Author:
Kunal Jain
Indo Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy,
Moga, Punjab
jainkunal87@gmail.com
14 April 2013

DEVELOPMENT OF DOMPERIDONE NASAL GEL USING NATURAL MUCOADHESIVE AGENT OBTAINED FROM THE FRUITS OF DELLINIA INDICA. L.

About Authors:
Dharmendra Kumar*, BhanuPriya, S.K Gupta
*Department of Pharmaceutical Technology,
Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology,
Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India, 250005
*rvnimiet@gmail.com

Abstract.
The aim of this research work was replaced the tablet or injection of Domperidone by using domperidone nasal gel forrmulations. In research, day to day newer novel drug delivery comes for various drugs nasal gel drug delivery system one of them. Purpose of this study is formulating a nasal gel of Domperidone by using natural mucoadhesive agent extract from Dellinia Indica. In vitro drug release study carried out by using Franz-diffusion cell and excised bovine nasal membrane,characterisation was also found to be better in comparison to the HPMC and carbapolsynthetic polymers. Dellinia indica has valuable properties as a mucoadhesive agent because it is considered to be biocompatible, biodegradable and non-toxic. In future nasal gel formulations replace tablet/injection of Domperidone.
14 April 2013

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF COLON DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM OF DICLOFENAC SODIUM

ABOUT AUTHORS:
A.Anil kumar, K.Surekha, M.Sujatha Kumari
Department of Pharmaceutics
Vikas college of pharmacy, Vissannapeta, 521215
*anilkumar.adi@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
The objective of the present study of Diclofenac sodium was to treat inflammatory bowel disease in colon. Treatment for IBD is a long term therapy the colon drug delivery system of Diclofenac sodium to the colon provides the following benefits. Avoidance of first pass metabolism, to target local site. The tablet formulation of Diclofenac sodium provides time controlled release to treat the nocturnal symptoms of pain in colon. The formulation is administered in the night at 10 pm the action will be start early morning 3’0 clock Symptoms that are experienced in early morning hours should be avoided to maintain the lag period of drug release 5hrs. To maintain lag time the best method is pulsein cap drug delivery system and it is high expensive, poor in vivo correlation. Due to cost effectiveness and poor in vivo correlation we preferred to target colon as tablet dosage form. In the present study, the polymer selected as Guargum. Granules were prepared by wet granulation technique using Guargum in different ratios (drug: polymer) FG₁(1:0.25), FG₂(1:0.5), FG₃(1:0.75), FG₄(1:1), FG₅(1:1.25). To perform the interaction studies by IR spectra studies. To study the influence of polymer concentration on the Diclofenac sodium release from tablets. The prepared tablets were evaluated for different physical parameters and dissolutions studies were performed in 3 dissolution mediums like 0.1N hydrochloric acid for 2hr, pH 7.4 for 3hr, pH 6.8 up to 24hrs. Among all these formulations FG₄ formula (1:1) showed 98% up to 24 hrs drug release. The release mechanisms of all formulations are diffusion controlled conformed from higuchis plot, thus the present study concluded that drug and guar gum (1:1) ratio for fulfill to target local site for colon drug delivery system.
12 April 2013

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ATAZANAVIR SULPHATE FLOATING MATRIX TABLETS

ABOUT AUTHOR:
Swetha Kotla
Malla Reddy Institute Of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Hyderabad, AP, India
swetha.pharma12@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
The study was aimed at formulation and evaluation of Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs). Using a taste masking polymer Eudragit E100, to mask the taste of a delivered drug i.e., Quetiapine Fumarate (QTF). Taste masking was done by solvent evaporation technique in absolute Ethanol as solvent system. Fast Disintegrating Tablets of QTF were prepared by using different techniques like Superdisintegrants addition method (Croscarmellose sodium (CCS), Sodium starch glycolate (SSG) and crospovidone (CP)), sublimation method (Camphor) and Effervescent formulation approach (sodiumbicarbonate+citrcacid). All the formulations were evaluated for flow properties, hardness, friability, content uniformity, wetting time, in vivo disintegration time (DT), release profiles. All the formulations showed satisfactory mechanical strength and other formulation parameters within the range. Dissolution parameters such as, Initial Dissolution Rate (IDR), Dissolution Efficiency (DE), Mean Dissolution Time (MDT) and Relative Dissolution Rate (RDR) were calculated. The optimized formula D5 prepared by using 10 % CP as a superdisintegrant and 12 % Camphor as subliming agent, which showed shortest DT (17 Sec) ( Q10= 88%, WT= 37Sec). The drug polymer complex was subjected to FTIR studies to understand the degree of interaction between drug and polymer. The dissolution parameters such as IDR, DE, RDR for the optimized formulation exhibited 1.8 fold increase when compared to marketed product. It can be concluded that the orally fast disintegrating tablets of QTF with better biopharmaceutical properties than conventional marketed tablet obtained using formula D5.