Articles

About Author:Ratnadeep V. Ghadage.
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
Appasaheb Birnale College of Pharmacy, Sangli,
Maharashtra, India

ABSTRACT:
Any investigation in human subjects intended to discover or verify the clinical, pharmacological and/or other pharmacodynamic effects of an investigational product(s), and/or to identify any adverse reactions to an investigational product(s), and/or to study absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of an investigational product(s) with the object of ascertaining its safety and/or efficacy. The terms clinical trial and clinical study are synonymous. Clinical trials examine the safety and efficacy of interventions, or treatments, in human subjects. This manuscript focuses on pharmaceutical clinical trials. The word subject is used deliberately here, since all participants in clinical trials are subjects, even if they are under the care of a personal physician, and therefore patients in that context, at the time of the trial. The pharmaceutical industry is now a more significant investor in clinical trials, but in addition to these opportunities, it is being challenged by the financial impact of managed care and medicaid regulations on academic medical-center revenues. Besides that, there is growing public concern about our systems for protection of human subjects, along with some conflicts. There are public expectations that clinical research will yield substantial advances in the health of the public. Once clinical research studies are completed and a drug has been approved for marketing by a regulatory agency, reports of the drug’s safety and efficacy will be published in the clinical literature. This dissemination of the results provides clinicians and research scientists with evidence of the beneficial administration of the drug.

About Authors:
PANKAJ MUSYUNI*, PROF. (Dr.) B.P. NAGORI¹, Mr. AKASH MIDHA²
*M. Pharm. (Pharma Management & Regulatory Affairs)
1 Director, Lachoo Memorial College of Science & Technology
2. Lecturer, Lachoo Memorial College of Science & Technology
Lachoo Memorial College of Science & Technology
‘Pharmacy Wing’, Jodhpur, Rajasthan
INDIA

ABSTRACT
Ethics can be explained as branch of philosophy related with the implication of all aspects of human behavior and nature. The purpose of this paper is to present an overview and relevance of business ethics in management and pharmaceutical industry scenario. The rationale of business can not be only illustrated by profit maximization but also by the social concern of the organization. This paper demonstrates the concept of business ethics with various attributes, factors and impact on society and also emphasize on code of ethics and its importance. Present paper also discusses common ethical problems within a pharmaceutical organization. A practical approach as case studies related to pharmaceutical industries will identify the issues and implications for ethical development, advancement and globalization of business ethics. Concept of paper focuses attention on the development of an attitude which should be adopted to understand various terms of ethics and development for social and business concern.

About Author:
Vijay M. Waghulkar^1* (M.Pharm, D.B.M.), Dr. Supriya S. Deshpande² (M.Pharm, Ph.D), Pooja A. Kohle³  (M.Sc)
*Corresponding author
1. Lecturer, Dept of Quality Assurance
Vidyabharati, College of Pharmacy, Camp, Amravati – 444601,
Maharastra, India.

2.Professor and HOD
Punjabrao Memorial Medical College of Pharmacy,
Panchvati,  , Amravati – 444602,
Maharastra, India

3. Lecturer,Dept. Cosmectic Technology
Vidyabharati Mahavidyala, Camp, Amravati – 444601,
Maharastra, India.

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is caused due to deficiency in production of insulin by the pancreas, or by the ineffectiveness of the insulin producD.Diabetes mellitus often referred to as diabetes—is a condition in which the body either does not produce enough, or does not properly respond to, insulin, a hormoneproduced in the pancreas. Insulin enables cells to absorb glucose in order to turn it into energy. This causes glucose to accumulate in the blood, leading to various potential complications.

To overcome such complication Indian scientist have develop new techniques for diabetics i.e. single shot insulin which ,  is very essentials, blessful, create new ray of hope to the patients of diabetics ,give relief upto 120 days.

About Author:
Robby Kumar*, Amar Nagesh Kumar*
*Department of Biochemistry,
SSR Medical College, Mauritius

ABSTRACT
Genomics is the study of an organism's genome and the use of the genes. It deals with the systematic use of genome information, associated with other data, to provide answers in biology, medicine, and industry.

Genomics has the potential of offering new therapeutic methods for the treatment of some diseases, as well as new diagnostic methods. Other applications are in the food and agriculture sectors. The major tools and methods related to genomics are bioinformatics, genetic analysis, measurement of gene expression, and determination of gene function.

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About Author:
D. J. Kalena^*, C. N. Patel
Department of Quality Assurance,
Shri Sarvajanik Pharmacy College,
Near arvind baug, Mehsana - 384 001, Gujarat, India

A simple, precise, accurate and rapid high performance thin layer chromatographic method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of atorvastatin calcium and olmesartan medoxomil in combined dosage forms. The stationary phase used was TLC aluminium plate precoated with silica gel 60F₂₅₄. The mobile phase used was a mixture of acetonitrile: chloroform: methanol: 10% glacial acetic acid (7: 2: 1.5: 0.1 v/v/v/v). The system was found to give compact spot for both atorvastatin and olmesartan (R_f value 0.5±0.01 and 0.76±0.02 respectively). The densitometric analysis of spot was carried out in reflectance mode at 253 nm. The method was validated in terms of linearity, specificity, precision, robustness and accuracy. The calibration curve was found to be linear in the range of 200 to 800 ng/spot for atorvastatin and 400 to 1600 ng/spot for olmesartan. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification for the atorvastatin were found to be 178.239 and 540.11 ng/spot and for olmesartan 40.10 and 121.51 ng/spot, respectively. The proposed method can be successfully used to determine the drug content of marketed tablet formulation.

About Author:
Sugumaran M., T. Vetrichelvan
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
Adhiparasakthi College of Pharmacy,
Melmaruvathur - 603 319, Tamilnadu , India

Abstract
High performance thin layer chromatographic finger print parameters had been developed for  Piper betle leaf oilisolated from karpoori, sirugamani and vellaikodi variety available in tamilnadu to fix standards. At shorter wavelength (254 nm) resolution was better for, so, this wavelength can be taken for obtaining optimum HPTLC finger printing for  volatile oil of this medicinal plant leaves. As per the data,   Karpoori variety of piper betle leaf oil  only showed  presence of  eugenol content. So, essential oil obtained from this variety should be included in the commercial tooth paste to get  antimicrobial activity against dental pathogens when compared to other studied variety.

About Author:
Sharath Kumar Pallikonda*¹, Srikanth Subburu², Shanker Reddy Soma², Chandra Shekar Reddy^3
1,2Vathsalya College Of Pharmacy,
Bhongir, Dist: Andhra Pradesh, India - 508 116

Abstract
A simple, sensitive, rapid, robust and reproducible method for the determination of Quetiapine fumarate in bulk and pharmaceutical formulation (Tablets) was developed using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method (RP-HPLC). The RP-HPLC analysis was performed isocratically on XTERRA C18 (4.6X150mm), analytical column using a mobile phase consisting of ortho phosphorus buffer and acetonitirle in the Ratio of 60:40v/v, with a flow rate of 0.6ml/min. The analyte was monitored with UV detector at 290nm. The developed method Quetiapine fumarate elutes at a run time of 10 min. The proposed method is having linearity in the concentration range from 40 to 80 μg/mL of Quetiapine fumarate. The present method was validated with respect to system suitability, linearity, precision, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ), accuracy (recovery), ruggedness, and robustness. The proposed method can be readily utilized for bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulations.

About Author:
YOGESH KUMAR SHARMA*1,  ANIL SHARMA2,
1. SIDDHI VINAK COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & HIGHER EDUCATION ALWAR,
2. GAYAN VIHAR COLLEGE OF PHARMACY JAIPUR, RAJASTHAN

Abstract
Oxidation is a natural process that occurs anytime a substance combines with oxygen like the browning of sliced apples or rusting of metals. When it occurs constantly, putting our health at risk. Antioxidants are substances that may protect cells from the damage caused by unstable molecules known as free radicals. Free radical damage may lead to cancer. Antioxidants interact with and stabilize free radicals & may prevent some of the damage free radicals otherwise might cause cancer. Antioxidants are abundant in fruits and vegetables, as well as in other foods including nuts, grains ands some meats, poultry and fish. The battle to conquer cancer is an international effort for the treatment of cancer. Currently we have about 30 chemotherapeutic agents and out of these nearly one third are natural products.The aim of this review is to know that how might antioxidants prevent cancer. So prospective study of antioxidants, & its mechanism and potential  use in cancer therapy is presented.

About Author:
Kapil Sharma^1*, Yogesh Sharma², Anju Goyal^1
1B. N. College of Pharmacy
Udaipur - 313002, Rajasthan, India.
²Yaresun Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd.,
Jaipur - 302006, Rajasthan, India.

Abstract
This paper describe a simple, precise and economical spectrophotometric method for the quantitative determination of spironolactone (SPL) in tablet dosage form. Method is based on the estimation of SPL in 50 % v/v methanol in distilled water at 238 nm. Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration range of 2-24 µg/ml. The accuracy of the method was assessed by recovery studies and was found to be 100.55±1.27 for SPL. Results of the analysis were validated statistically so that it can be used for routine analysis of SPL in tablet dosage form.