Articles

About Authors:
Devendra Kumar¹,Pragya Seth²
Department of Pharmaceutical technology,
¹Sri Satya Sai collage of Pharmacy Bhopal,
²Lakshmi Narain College of Pharmacy, Bhopal
*guptadevendra15@gmail.com

Abstract
The present work describes the effect of methanolic extract of Prunus amygdalus (batsch.) on pylorus ligation and Ethanol-induced gastric ulcer models in Wistar rats. The present study provides a strong evidence of antiulcer activity of Prunus amygdalus extract against gastric lesions. The antiulcer activity is recognized by a reduction in acid-secretary parameters like total and free acidity, gastric volume and ulcer score suggesting that acid inhibition accelerates ulcer healing, thereby strengthening of mucosal barrier. In this present study it shows significant protection for Hexosamine in all treated groups in comparison to negative control group. Inthe LPO results it was observed that there was significance level difference in negative control group and all other group that indicates that lipid peroxides enzyme was higher in vehicle treated group. Ulcer score was determined by the counting of spots and severity of damage in stomach part by any moiety such as ethanol. Single drug treatment (200 mg/kg and 400mg/kg of P.A.E.) was effective up to a significant level (P<0.05) in compare to negative control group.Volume of gastric juice indicate the secretions of gastric fluid and it is higher in negative control group and all drug treated group was effective in relation to negative control group in significance level (P <0.05).

About Authors:
P.Ramanujaiah*, Dr M.Purushothaman, Hemalatha
Vasavi institute of pharmaceutical sciences, Kadapa
*rama.mpharm@gmail.com

Abstract:
The application of nanotechnology to drug delivery has currently more than 20 Nanoparticles therapeutics are in clinical use, validating the ability of Nanoparticles to improve the therapeutic index of drugs. In addition to the already approved Nanoparticles, numerous other Nanoparticles platforms are currently under various stages of preclinical and clinical development, including various liposomes, polymeric micelles, dendrimers, quantum dots, gold Nanoparticles, and ceramic Nanoparticles. With continued research and development efforts, nanotechnology is expected to have a tremendous impact on medicine for decades to come.

About Author:
Alimuddin Saifi
N.K.B.R. College of Pharmacy & Research Centre,
Meerut
asaifi2005@gmail.com

Abstract
Herbal drugs are accepted as important therapeutic agents for the treatment of many diseases. The development of authentic analytical methods which can reliably profile the phytochemical composition, including quantitative analyses of marker/bioactive compounds and other major constituents, is a major challenge to scientists. Pharmacognostical analysis of medicinal herbs remain challenging issues for analytical chemists, as herbs are a complicated system of mixtures. Analytical separation techniques for example high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS), High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) etc. among the most popular methods of choice used for quality control of raw material and finished herbal product.

About Authors:
*C.P. Meher,  S.P.Sethy, B.Pochaiah
Department of pharmaceutical Bio-Chemistry,
Maheshwara college of Pharmacy, chitkul (V),
Isnapur “X” Road,  patancheru, Hyderabad.
*chaitanyameher84@gmail.com

ABSTRACT :-
“Enzyme are the catalyst of the living world ! protein in nature, and in action in specific ,rapid and accurate; huge in size but with small active centers; highly exploited for disease diagnosis in lab centers”[1] Enzyme promotes & control the conversion of the complex carbohydrates, fats & protein of our body into simple substances which the intestine can absorb & also the various reaction by which these simple substances are used in the body for building up new tissue  or producing energy. The enzyme are not broken down or changed in the process . they are as potent at the end of the reaction at the beginning & very small amounts can effect the conversion of large quantity of material . they are the true catalyst.[2] They are actively take part in every metabolic pathways that occur in our body. This review is concern with comparative study of the various enzyme related with various metabolic pathways as well as the drugs associated for inhibition to give respective pharmacological responses.

About Authors:
Mortoza Rahaman
B.Pharm, BCDA College of Pharmacy & Technology (WBUT), WB
M.Pharm, Dadhichi College of Pharmacy, (BPUT), Orissa
mortozarahaman970@gmail.com

Abstract:
Novel drug delivery systems have several advantages over conventional multi dose therapy. Recent trends indicate that microparticulate drug delivery systems are especially suitable for achieving controlled or delayed release oral formulations with low risk of dose dumping, flexibility of blending to attain different release patterns as well as reproducible and short gastric residence time. The release of drug from microparticles depends on a variety of factors including the carrier used to form the microparticles and the amount of drug contained in them. Consequently, microparticulate drug delivery systems provide tremendous opportunities for designing new controlled and delayed release oral formulations, thus extending the frontier of future pharmaceutical development. One such approach is using microspheres as carriers for drugs. Microencapsulation is a process where by small discrete solid particles or small liquid droplets are surrounded and enclosed by an intact shell. Microencapsulation is used to modify and delayed drug release form pharmaceutical dosage forms. A well designed controlled drug delivery system can overcome some of the problems of conventional therapy and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of a particular drug. It is the reliable means to deliver the drug to the target site with specificity, if modified, and to maintain the desired concentration at the site of interest without untoward effects. Microspheres received much attention not only for prolonged release, but also for targeting of anticancer drugs to the tumor. The intent of the paper is to highlight the potential of microencapsulation technique as a vital technique in novel drug delivery.

About Authors:
Arun Kumar
Department of Intellectual Property Management,
Nectar Lifesciences Limited, Punjab, India
feedback2arun@gmail.com
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Abstract
With advancements in technology, new inventions are emerging day-by-day, resulting in more number of patent filings all over the globe. The analysis of existing patents to analyze novelty or patentability of upcoming inventions and to check the non-infringing process of the patented technology, there is need to analyze patents of targeted domain technology. The analysis of patents is done not only to analyze novelty or infringement but also to explore the undiscovered innovative knowledge covered in patents. Patent searching using keywords, sometimes, gives very broad results. The analysis of thousands of patents becomes difficult for patent analyst. The methodology used with IPC (International Patent Classification) codes helps to reduce the result of patent search and helps patent analyst in targeted search. But in case of Japanese patent search, IPC alone unable to give targeted results. Then it becomes important to understand the concept of JPC (Japanese Patent Classification) codes and their use to make the Japanese patent search easy. The Japanese Patent Classification includes File Index, Facets and F-term. In this article, Japanese Patent Classification codes are explained in details with their consequences, applications, constructions and search methodology using them.

About Authors:
S.Dinesh*, M.Senthil Kumar, Ashok kumar, Hariharan, jenish, Marshal joseph
Annai veilankanni’s pharmacy college
saidapet, chennai – 600 015.
Tamil nadu, pin:600015
*dinesh.pharmacy@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Cinitapride1-2, chemically4-amino-N[3-(Cyclohexan-1-yl-methyl)-4-piperidinyl]-2-ethoxy-5-nitrobenzamide has the molecular formula C₂₁H₃₀N₄O₄ and molecular weight 402.49 g.Cinitapride is a drug that has against action to the serotoninergic 5-HT₂ and D₂ dopaminergic receptors that has been indicated in the gastro esophageal reflux and in the functional disorders of gastrointestinal motility treatment, The present study was aimed to formulate and evaluvate the tablets containing Cinitapride based on floating  technique in order to increase gastric retention time, Total 9 formulation (F1-F9)were done using 3 different polymers like (HPMC k4m, HPMC e15m and HPMC k100m ). The formulations prepared were subjected to dissolution tests for 12 hrs, Among all the 9 formulation  formulation (F5) were able to efficiently control Cinitapride release over a time period of 12 hrs. Thus the results of the current study clearly indicate, a promising potential of the floating tablet as an alternative to conventional dosage form.