Pharmacology Articles

About Auhtor:
Avula Parthasarthi Yadav*,
Krishna Theja Pharmacy College,
Jawaharlal Nehru University, Anantapur.
*parthu298@gmail.com

1. Introduction
Currently natural products are gaining popularity to combat various physiological threats including oxidative stress, cardiovascular complexities, cancer insurgence, and immune dysfunction. The use of traditional remedies may be encountered more frequently due to an array of scientific evidence in their favor¹.  It has been well established that nutrition plays an important role in the etiology of hyperlipidimia, atherosclerosis and other coronary heart disease (CHD) complications like myocardial infarction¹.
The etiology and pathogencity of coronary heart diseases lie in the casual relationship between the development of atherosclerosis, elevated plasma lipid percentage cholesterol levels in blood and plasma, genetic makeup, endicrinological aberration, immunologic and autonomic factors, blood flow and coagulation².

About Author:
Amitava Sinha Ray,
Department of Pharmacy, Bengal School of Technology
West Bengal University of Technology,
West Bengal
^*a.amitava.s@gmail.com

INTRODUCTION:-
Diabetes is a chronic disease, which occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. This leads to an increased concentration of glucose in the blood (hyperglycaemia).
The body is unable to produce or unable to properly use and store glucose (a form of sugar). Glucose backs up in the bloodstream and blood glucose or "sugar" to rise too high.

About Author:
Dr. Vishwas B. Chavan
Ph.D. (Biochemistry)
Andheri (East), Mumbai – 400069
vishwaschavan2003@yahoo.co.in

Abstract:
The word “Cancer” is still synonymous with death for common people and the “stage IV cancer”, which is typically known as “last stage cancer”, is loss of hope even for medical community.
Many times patient presents to clinic, when cancer had already crossed II^{nd or} III^rd stage. This is mostly due to the reason that cancer may not have any symptoms at initial stages. Even if there are any symptoms, they can be mild and vague. Further rising cost of healthcare forced many patients, particularly women, to delay approach to physician. Therefore it is not uncommon for cancer patients to hear sentences like, “You are too late”, “You should have come earlier” etc. which is more depressing. This is a humble attempt to give the these patients some ray of hope.
So, in this 21^st Century, is it necessary, that cancer should be equal to death all the times, even when it has reached stage IV? To get answer of this question, we need to first know what stage IV cancer is and what its effects on human body are.
As most people know, cancer or malignancy means uncontrolled growth of any cell of the body. The mechanism which controls the growth of cells is lost in malignant cells. Cancer can occur in any cell of body and hence any organ can be affected by cancer, though cancers of some organs are more prevalent in some populations.

About Authors:
Lohithasu Duppala* , Manikumar Kothakota
GITAM Institute of Pharmacy,
GITAM University, visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India-530045.
* lohithasu@gmail.com, +919491894432

INTRODUCTION:
Cell Theory:
· All organisms consist of one  or more cells.
· Cell is the smallest unit of life.
· All cells come from pre-existing cells.

Cell cycle:
The dividing and non –dividing stages in the life of a cell are described by a series of events called the cell-cycle. The cell cycle  is the sequence of events by which a cell duplicates its genome and divides into daughter cells.Some cells, like skin cells ,divide continuously throught the life of the organism.Cardiac muscle cells are arrested in G2 phase.