Articles

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Ketan M. Parmar*, Ritesh N. Sharma
S.K.Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education & research,
Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry, GANPAT UNIVERSITY.
*brave_student_90@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT
With the development of technologies to look at the expression levels of hundreds of miRNAs at a time and the clear role of miRNAs in cancers, groups began looking at miRNAs profiles of different cancers,especially the circulating miRNAs. We intended to make sure whether circulating miRNAs could be a promising biomarker of human cancers. Method: We comprehensively searched the Cochrane Library, Medline and EMbase from 1966 to Nov 2009 for the following terms: (“miRNA” or “microRNA”) and (“tumor” or “carcinoma”) and (“plasma” or “serum” or “circulating”). Detailed information was extracted from studies that met the inclusion criteria: blood-based miRNAs in human cancers and studies published in the English literature. Results: The current review show that different researches use different measurement methods which might impact the results;Cancers treatment might have an effect on circulating miRNAs; some miRNAs are multi-faceted RNA; small sample size might produce selection bias. Furthermore, because of the lack of randomized controlled trials and the heterogeneous nature of the available data, no attempt was made to perform quantitativemeta-analyses.
In this review, based on those researches, circulating miRNAs are promising and difficulties for their future application for diagnosing human cancers.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Yedale A.D.*, Waghmare P.V, Kulkarni S.D., Bhusnure O.G., Bhalekar M.S.
Master of pharmacy, Department of Quality Assurance
Maharashtra College of Pharmacy, Nilanga, dist. Latur (MS) 413521, India
*ajayyedale03@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Recently, fast-dissolving drug delivery systems have started gaining popularity and acceptance as new drug delivery systems, because they are easy to administer and lead to better patient compliance. Usually, elderly people experience difficulty in swallowing the conventional dosage forms (tablets, capsules, solutions and suspensions) because of tremors of extremities and dysphasia. Fast-dissolving drug delivery systems may offer a solution for these problems. FDTs are those tablets which when placed in mouth get dissolved rapidly in saliva without the need of liquid and can be swallowed. The tablet is the most widely used dosage form because of its convenience in terms of self-administration, compactness, and ease in manufacturing. Fast disintegrating tablets are also known as Fast melting tablets, Orodispersible tablets, fast dissolving/dispersing tablets or melt in mouth tablets. This article reviews the potential benefits offered by FDTs as an oral drug delivery system for various kinds of patients suffering from different diseases and disabilities. Fast dissolving tablets have been formulated for pediatric, geriatric, and bedridden patients and for active patients who are busy and traveling and may not have access to water. Oral delivery is currently the gold standard in the pharmaceutical industry where it is regarded as the safest, most convenient and most economical method of drug delivery having the highest patient compliance. A number of FDDT products for human and veterinary administration are currently under development and the delivery of water soluble as well as lipophilic drug compounds.  The excipients that are currently used as well as those that are expected to be used for the future development of improved FDTs are also discussed in this article.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Waghmare P.V.*, Bhusnure O.G., Chinchole A.S., Usnale S.V.,Chavan D.V.
Master of pharmacy, Department of Quality Assurance
Maharashtra College of Pharmacy, Nilanga, Dist. Latur (MS) 413521, India
*pradeep.waghmare90@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Recent advances in Novel Drug Delivery Systems (NDDS) aim for designing dosage forms, convenient to be manufactured and administered, free of side effects, offering immediate release and enhanced bioavailability, so as to achieve better patient compliance. MDT are intended and designed to disintegrate and dissolve in saliva and then easily swallowed without need of water which is a major benefit over conventional dosage form. Mouth dissolving tablets are solid dosage forms containing drugs that disintegrate in the oral cavity within less than one minute (within <60 seconds) leaving an easy-to-swallow residue. Mouth dissolving tablets have been formulated for pediatric, geriatric, and bed-ridden patients and for active patients who are busy and traveling and may not have access to water. Recent technological developments in the dosage form designing the MDTs fulfill the requirement of patient needs without compromising its efficacy. This review discusses the method of preparation, properties, advantages, disadvantage, characterization ,mechanisms; drugs to be incorporated in the mouth dissolving tablet and evaluation of the product and future trend of the mouth dissolving tablet. These are novel dosage forms which dissolve in saliva within <60 seconds, when put on tongue. Such MDTs can be administered anywhere and anytime, without the need of water and are thus quite suitable for children, elderly and mentally disabled patients.  This tablet format is designed to allow administration of an oral solid dose form in the absence of water or fluid intake. This review depicts the various formulation aspects, technologies developed, ingredients used, evaluation tests and marketed formulations.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Mohd. Yaqub khan*, Poonam gupta, Vikaskumar verma, Ashish pathak
Saroj Institute of Technology & Management,
Ahimamau, P.O. Arjunganj, Sultanpur Road, Lucknow-226002,
Uttar Pradesh, India
*khanishaan16@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT
Medicinal plants continue to play a central role in the healthcare system of large proportions of the world’s population. This is particularly true in developing countries, where herbal medicine has a long and uninterrupted history of use. Continuous usage of herbal medicine by a large proportion of the population in the developing countries is largely due to the high cost of Western pharmaceuticals and healthcare. Every year, millions of people are diagnosed with cancer, leading to death in a majority of the cases. Specific part of it is formulated into suitable preparations compressed as tablets or made into pills, used to make infusions, extracts, tinctures, etc., or mixed with excipients to make lotions, ointments, creams, etc. Few herbal drugs are subject to legislative control. The plant based drug discovery resulted mainly in the development of anticancer agents including plants (vincristine, vinblastine, etoposide, paclitaxel, camptothecin, topotecan and irinotecan). Beside this there is numerous agents identified from fruits and vegetables can used in anticancer therapy. The agents include curcumin (turmeric), resveratrol (red grapes, peanuts and berries), genistein (soybean), diallyl sulfide, S-allyl cysteine (allium), allicin (garlic), lycopene (tomato), capsaicin (red chilli), diosgenin, 6-gingerol (ginger), ellagic acid (pomegranate), ursolic acid (apple, pears), silymarin (milk thistle), anethol, catechins, eugenol, indole-3-carbinol, limonene, beta carotene, and dietary fiber. In this review active principle derived from natural products are offering a great opportunity to evaluate not only totally new chemical classes of anticancer agents.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Rima M. Bankar*, Dipti B. Patel
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis,
Shree S. K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Ganpat University,
Ganpat Vidyanagar – 384012, Mehsana, Gujarat, India.
*rima.banker@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT
A novel, precise, accurate and rapid isocratic reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic/ultraviolet (RP-HPLC/UV) method was developed, optimized and validated for  simultaneous determination of Montelukast Sodium and Desloratadine. The method showed adequate separation for Montelukast Sodium and Desloratadine  and best resolution was achieved with ACE 5 C18 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm i.d, 5 μm particle size) using Acetonitrile-Methanol-Water (15:80:5, v/v) as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and wavelength of 283 nm. The calibration curves were linear over the concentration ranges of 5-50 μg/ml for Montelukast Sodium and Desloratadine. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for Montelukast Sodium were 0.33 and 1.01 μg/ml while for Desloratadine were 0.10 and 0.31 μg/ml, respectively. All the analytes were separated in less than 6.0 min. The proposed method could be applied for routinelaboratory analysis of Montelukast Sodium and Desloratadine in pharmaceutical dosage form. Methods were validated statistically and recovery studies were carried out. The proposed methods have been applied successfully to the analysis of cited drug either in pure form or in synthetic mixture of both drugs with good accuracy and precision. The method herein described can be employed for quality control and routine analysis of drugs in pharmaceutical formulations.

ABOUT AUTHOR:
Sunitha Manthena
Nalla Narsimha Reddy School of Pharmacy,
Narapally, Hyderabad
Affiliated to JNTU(H);
sunithatgk@gmail.com

INTRODUCTION
The expenses for developing new drugs are exorbitant. Thus in the present scenario, more emphasis is laid  to develop newer drug delivery technologies, which would ensure better patient compliance, drug efficacy and extends the term of patents of the existing molecules. In the present era, the pharmaceutical industry is facing several challenges due to worldwide competition and growing demand for better products.¹

ABOUT AUTHOR:
Abhijeet Welankiwar.
Govt. College of pharmacy
kathora naka Amravati (Maharashtra) 444604.
abhi123welankiwar@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
The oral route of drug delivery is typically considered the preferred and most patient-convenient means of drug administration. With many drugs the basic Goal of therapy is to achieve a steady-state blood or tissue level that is therapeutically effective and nontoxic for an extended period of time. Sustain release system are considered a wiser approach for the drugs with short half-lives and which require repeated dosing, they are easy to formulate and are irrespective of absorption process from gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. The basic objective of these dosage forms is to optimize the delivery of medications so as to achieve a measure of control on therapeutic effect in the face of uncertain fluctuations in the in vivo environment in which drug release takes place. The advances in the formulation technology of modified release dosage form with sustained release oral dosage form has been widely accepted approach as compared to conventional immediate release formulations of the same drug, over which it provides a prolong release of the drug over extended period of time there by giving the better patient compliance and enhanced bioavailability and resulting blood concentration-time profiles of drugs that otherwise suffer from few limitations.

ABOUT AUTHOR
Abhijeet Welankiwar
Govt. College of pharmacy, kathora naka,
Amravati (Maharashtra) 444604
abhi123welankiwar@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Tablet coating is the key step involved in the manufacturing of tablets having controlled release, delayed release profiles. The tablet coating have number of advantages like masking odor, taste, color of the drug, providing physical and chemical protection to drug, Protecting drug from the gastric environment. 3 primary components of tablet coating are tablet properties, coating process and coating composition. Tablets are usually coated in horizontal rotating pan with coating solution is either directly poured or sprayed on to them. The amount of coating on the surface of a tablet is critical to the effectiveness of the oral dosage form. Recent trends in tablet coating focuses on overcoming disadvantage of solvent based coating. This article concerns with the coating process, equipments involved, coated tablets evaluation and specialized coating techniques.

About Authors:
Dharmendra Kumar^*, Bhanu Priya, Sumedha Bansal,
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology,
Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India, 250005
* rvnimiet@gmail.com

Abstract
A new Nasal drug delivery system of Domperidone has been developed as decent drug delivery by using natural mucoadhesive agent extract from Tamarindus indica L. The mucoadhesive strength, pH, viscosity and gelling property of this natural mucoadhesive agent was found to be higher in comparison to synthetic polymers, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) and carbopol which are conventionally used for similar purpose. In vitro drug release characteristic through franz-diffusion cell using excised bovine nasal membrane was also found to be better in comparison to the above synthetic polymers. Now patient friendly, needle free dosage form may replace the Domperidone injections/ tablets in future.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Rinku B Patel^*1, Paresh U Patel², Bharat G Patel³, Anil C Patel^2
1Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Centre For Health Science Studies, Ganpat University, Ganpat Vidyanagar – 384012, Mehsana, Gujarat, India.
²Department of Quality Assurance, Centre For Health Science Studies, Ganpat University, Ganpat Vidyanagar – 384012, Mehsana, Gujarat, India.
³Aspee college of Home Science and Nutrition, S.D.Agricultural University, S.K.Nagar-385506, Banaskantha, Gujarat, India.
*rinkupatel5890@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Simple, accurate, precise, and sensitive ratio spectra derivative spectrophotometric method for simultaneous estimation of Eperisone hydrochloride (EPE) and Diclofenac sodium(DIC) in synthetic mixture have been developed and validated. The ratio derivative spectroscopic method involves measurement of first derivative amplitude of ratio spectra at 247 nm for EPE and 218.4 nm for DIC as two wavelengths for estimation. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range of 2-18 μg/ml for both EPE and DIC. LOD values for EPE and DIC are found to be 0.0634 μg/ml and 0.5386 μg/ml, respectively. LOQ values for EPE and DIC are found to be 0.1921 μg/ml and 1.6321 μg/ml, respectively. The method was validated statistically and recovery studies were carried out. It was found to be accurate, precise and reproducible. The method was applied to the assay of the drugs in synthetic mixture, which were found in the range of 98.0% to 102.0% of the labeled value for both Eperisone hydrochloride and Diclofenac sodium. Hence, the method herein described can be successfully applied in quality control of synthetic mixture.