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  • ENHANCEMENT OF DISSOLUTION RATE OF OLANZAPINE USING SURFACE SOLID DISPERSION TECHNIQUE

    About Authors:
    Borse V. G.*, Birajdar A. S., Datal A. A.
    K. T. Patil College of Pharmacy,
    Osmanabad-413501, Maharashtra, India.
    *vishalgborse@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT :
    The objective of this study is to enhance dissolution rate of practically insoluble drug olanzapine, using surface solid dispersion technique. Olanzapine is classified as a thiobenzodiazepine atypical antipsychotic drug used in the treatment of schizophrenia. Surface solid dispersion technique is used to prepare solid dispersion of olanzapine using Crospovidone as carrier. Surface solid dispersion were characterised by saturation solubility studies, drug content and in- vitro dissolution studies. Solubility studies revealed a marked increase in the solubility of olanzapine with an increase in Crospovidone concentration. The best dispersion was selected based on saturation study and release study and evaluated for solid state characterization techniques Differential scanning calorimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy study. The results from DSC and IR indicated that there was no interaction between drug and carriers. Surface solid dispersion of olanzapine shows increase in aqueous solubility 4.42 fold than pure drug. SSD with Crospovidone in 1:9 ratio give highest drug release i.e. 88.87%.Surface solid dispersion is successful technique to improved drug dissolution of olanzapine with the carrier Crospovidone.

  • EVALUATION OF HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF FICUS RELIGIOSA ON RATS AGAINST CCL4 AND PARACETAMOL INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY

    About Authors:
    Vivek Chourasia*, Hemant Nagar, H.S. Chandel, Anindya Goswami
    Truba Institute of Pharmacy,
    Karond Gandhinagar Bypass
    Bhopal (M.P.)-India
    *vickyc.chourasia@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    Ficus religiosawas investigated for its possible protective effect against paracetamol and CCl4-induced hepatic damage. IV administration of a sub-lethal dose of paracetamol (500 mg/kg) produced liver damage in rats as manifested by the rise in serum level of transaminases (AST and ALT). Ttreatment of rats with Ficus religiosa (200 mg/kg) prevented the paracetamol-induced rise in serum enzymes. The hepatotoxic dose of CCl4 (1.5 ml/kg; orally) also raised the serum AST and ALT levels. The same dose of Ficus religiosa (200 mg/kg) was able to prevent the CCl4-induced rise in serum enzymes. These results indicate that Ficus religiosa possesses hepatoprotective activity.

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  • SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF FUROSEMIDE AND SPIRONOLACTONE IN COMBINED PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM BY RP-HPLC

    About Author:
    Hardik Patel*, Sagar Solanki
    Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
    K.B.Raval College of Pharmacy, Shertha,
    Gandhinagar-382423, Gujarat, India.
    *patel1928@yahoo.in

    ABSTRACT
    A new, simple, rapid, accurate, precise and sensitive method has been developed for the simultaneous estimation of Furosemide and Spironolactone in their combined tablet dosage form. The method was carried out on a Hiber C18 column (250 mm×4.6mm, i.d.5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile: water at a flow rate of 1 ml/min and the detection was carried out at 237 nm. The retention time of Furosemide and Spironolactone was 3.81 min and 7.28 min. respectively. Linearity for Furosemide and Spironolactone were found in the range of 2-10 μg/ml and 5-25 μg/ml respectively. The developed method was validated in terms of linearity, accuracy, and precision, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ). The proposed method can be used for estimation of both drugs in their combined dosage form.

  • DETERMINATION OF SYNTHETIC INTERMEDIATE OF DICLOFENAC SODIUM IN REACTION MIXTURES BY HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

    About Authors:
    1) Mr Jaesh N.Jadhav
    M.Pharm,Sinhagad Institute of pharmacy,Pune.
    2) Mr. J.G. Chandorkar*.
    Head Analytical development laboratory,
    Indofil Industries limited,Thane
    *Jayant.chandorkar@rediffmail.com

    Abstract
    A present work describes a simple & accurate reversed phase HPLC Method for the simultaneous estimation of Ortho Chlorophenol [OCP], 2,6 – Dichlorophenol [DCP], 1-(2,6-Dichlorophenyl) indolin-2-one [VTCL], 1(2,6-Dichlorophenyl) N-Phenyl, N-Chloro Acetyl, 2,6-Dichloro Aniline [VTDL], 1(2,6-Dichlorophenyl) ether [DCPE], 1(2,6-Dichlorophenyl) amine [DCPA] in Diclofenac Sodium bulk manufacturing. This paper describes a new rapid, easy Isocratic reversed phase HPLC method for the separation and estimation of six intermediates and Diclofenac Sodium. The primary purpose of this study is to compile HPLC data on the determination of these seven products, the compilation of such HPLC data being useful as reference guide.

  • MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF A BEGOMOVIRUS ASSOCIATED WITH CLERODENDRON INERME

    About Authors:
    Sanjay Kumar Yadav*1, Anjana Yadav1, Shahana Majumder2
    *1Dept of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, B.B.S. Institute of Pharmaceutical & Allied Sciences, Greater Noida, (U.P.), India
    1Dept of Biotechnology, Chhatrapati Sahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, (U.P.), India
    2Dept of Biotechnology, Sharda University, School of Engineering and Technology,
    Greater Noida, (U.P.), India
    *sanjay_yadav3333@yahoo.co.in

    ABSTRACT
    Viruses are pathogens with an extremely narrow host range. Their phylogenetic origin is vague, tough it has always been considered that viruses are genes that became vagrant after having excluded themselves of the host’s or a related species’ genome (Anderson et.al., 2004). Viruses are usually units consisting of nucleic acids and coat proteins called capsids. Viroids consist only of RNA, i.e. they contain no protein at all. Except for a few cases, Viruses have no energy metabolism of their own. Consequently, they cannot perform syntheses and are thus unable to replicate themselves. Depending on their host species, it is distinguished between plant viruses multiplying almost exclusively within plant cells, bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) that depend on living bacteria, and animal viruses. The genetic information of viruses is either encoded by single-stranded RNA (Most plant viruses), double-stranded RNA (Wound tumor viruses), single-stranded DNA (Gemini viruses) or double stranded DNA (Cauliflower mosaic virus). Based on the shape of the viruses particle, it is distinguished between rod shaped and icosahedral viruses with a capsid that seem almost spherical. Viruses’ cause many disease in humans of international importance for example  smallpox polio, hepatitis etc. viruses cause also many important plant disease and are responsible for huge loss in crop production and quality in all part of the world. Around 25 years ago, when genomic properties of geminiviruses were studied, many scientists regarded them as ‘friends of humans’, because of their  potential as gene transfer vectors in plant genetic engineering and non-harmful effects on host plants. But far from being friends, these viruses have now emerged as foes and are a serious threat to world agriculture now. Increase in international commodity trade, intercontinental transportation networks and a changing global climate have contribute to the spread of this virus and its whitefly vector (Moffat et.al.,1999).

  • FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF GASTRORETENTIVE FLOATING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM OF PIOGLITAZONE HYDROCHLORIDE

    About Authors:
    *Thoriya J. G, Patel S. D, Tank H. M
    Matushree V. B. Manvar College of Pharmacy- Dumiyani,
    Rajkot
    *thoriya.jignesh@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    Pioglitazone HCl is used for the management of type-2 diabetes. It is an absorption window limited drug, whose solubility decreases with increase in the pH and has a short half life of 3-7 h. Here an attempt is made to developed the floating matrix tablets, which design in way that after oral administration the GI resistant time is  prolonged and thus to give sustained action with increase in the bioavailability of the drug. Pioglitazone HCl showed maximum absorption at wavelength 269 nm in 0.1N HCl. various formulations were developed by using release rate controlling and gel forming polymers like HPMC, and Carbopol-934 in single and combinations by direct compression method with the incorporation of sodium bicarbonate as gas generating agent. The prepared tablets were characteristics by drug content, floating property, swelling and in vitro dissolution test using USP dissolution test apparatus Type – II (paddle method) in dissolution medium of 0.1 N HCl. The in vitro dissolution results of all tablets were computed by using dissolution software. The prepared tablets were found to be good hardness, diameter, weight variation, thickness, friability drug content, floating property and in vitro drug release. Drug-polymer compatibility studies by FTIR gave conformation about drug purity and showed no interaction between drug and selected polymers. All the formulations had floating lag time below 3 minutes and constantly floated on dissolution medium for more than 12 h. Swelling studies indicated significant water uptake and contributed in drug release. From among all the developed formulations, as F7 prolonged the drug release (95.45 %) for longer period of time (12 hrs.); they were selected as best formulations. The best formulations were found to be stable during stability studies for two months. Thus, selected formulations satisfied floating time, swelling index and in vitro drug release profile requirements for a floating drug delivery system.Tablets of Pioglitazone HCl prepared with HPMC K4M, HPMC K100M and Carbopol 934P were found to be acceptable floating property, water uptake and in vitro drug release.

  • BIOLOGICAL DECOLORIZATION OF TEXTILE DYE USING MICRO ALGAE

    About Authors:
    Vedant Pandya
    M.Sc. Biotechnology,
    Department  Of  Biotechnology,
    Shree M.N.Virani Science College, Rajkot
    vedantpandya007@gmail.com

    Abstract :
    The potential of Cosmarium species, belonging to green Micro algae, was investigated as a viable biomaterial for biological treatment of triphenylmethane dye, Malachite Green (MG).  This can be used for the bioremediation of dye effluents. The results obtained from the batch experiments revealed the ability of algal species in removing dye.  The effects of operational parameters (temperature, pH, dye concentration and algal  concentration) on decolorization were examined.  The stability and efficiency of the algae in long-term repetitive operations were also examined. Michaelis–Menten kinetics was used to describe the apparent correlation between the decolorization rate and the dye concentration.

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  • RECENT ADVANCEMENTS: MICROSPONGE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM; A REVIEW

    About Authors:
    Deepak Sharma*, Arunabha Banik, S k Gupta
    Department of Pharmaceutical Technology,
    MIET,Meerut
    *thakraan.southcarolina@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    The Microspongesdelivery system are extremely small, inert,indestructibleclusters of even tinierspherical particles of microscopic sizepatented polymeric delivery systems consisting of porous microspheres that can entrap a wide range of active ingredients such as emollients, fragrances, essential oils, sunscreens, and anti-infective, anti-fungal, and anti-inflammatory agents and are very well tolerated, and highly efficacious, novel productsthat do not pass through the skin, capable of holding four times their weight in skin secretionsand can absorb skin secretions. Like a true sponge, each microspheres consists of a myriad of interconnecting voids within a non-collapsible structure with a large porous surface. The size of the microsponges can be varied usually from 5-300µm in diameter, depending upon the degree of smoothness or after-feel required for the end formula. Although the microsponge size may vary, a typical 25µm sphere can have up to 250000 pores and an internal pore structure equivalent to 10ft in length providing a total pore volume of about 1ml/g. This results in a large reservoir within each microsponge, which can be loaded with up to its own weight in active agent. The microsponge particles themselves are too large to be absorbed into the skin and this adds a measure of safety to these microsponge materials. Another safety concern is the potential bacterial contamination of the materials entrapped in the microsponge. Because the size of the pore diameter is smaller than bacteria, ranging from 0.007 to 0.2µm, bacteria cannot penetrate into the tunnel structure of the microsponges.The microsponge system can prevent excessive accumulation of ingredients within the epidermis and the dermis. Potentially, the microsponge system can reduce significantly the irritation of effective drugs without reducing their efficacy.

  • OPTIMIZATION FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE TABLETS OF ASPIRIN AND ATORVASTATIN

    About Authors:
    Kalpen N. Patel*, Maulika S. Patel, Divya Thakkar, Manan Patel, Kaushal Raval
    Shree Krishna Institute of Pharmacy, Shankhalpur,
    Bechraji, Mahesana, Gujarat, India.
    *kalpenpharma@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    Sustained releases tablets have been used for reduced the dosing frequency and maintain the plasma drug concentration level within narrow therapeutic range. Aspirin used as antiplatelate agent and Atorvastatin is HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor which lowers the plasma concentration of cholesterol. Here in present study sustained release tablets of Aspirin and Atorvastatin prepared by using cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) as a polymers. The sustain release tablet of Aspirin And Atorvastatin were prepared by wet granulation method and were substituted for film coating to mask the spotting from Atorvastatin and for protection from light. From the dissolution profile of F2B2 gives controlling the release up to 12 hrs with required value i.e. - 55.85 % for Aspirin and 54.78 % for Atorvastatin in 4 hrs respectively and 100.70 % for Aspirin and 100.60 % for Atorvastatin in 12 hrs respectively. The result of stability studies of batch F2B2 indicate that it is stable at 400C / 75 % ±0.5 % relative humidity as there was no significant differences observe for dissolution and average drug content data after two months.

  • A STUDY ON ANTI-DIARRHOEAL ACTIVITY OF FRUIT EXTRACTS OF CARICA PAPAYA (CARICACEAE) LINN. IN RATS

    About Authors:
    S. Mahboob Ahmad, T.S Gouda
    V.L. College of pharmacy,
    Raichur, Karnataka-58410
    *syed.ahmad007@yahoo.com

    Abstract:
    The alcoholic and aqueous extracts of fruit of Carica papaya (Caricaceae)was investigated for anti-diarrhoealactivity in albino Wistar rats. The alcoholic and aqueous extracts was administered by the oral route at a concentration of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg showed the significant dose dependent anti-diarrhoeal activity in Castor oil induced diarrhea and Magnesium sulphate induced diarrhea. Anti-diarrhoeal activity of the tested extracts was comparable with that of the standard drug Loperamide 3 mg/kg. The results lend support to the traditional use of C.  papaya in the treatment of diarrhoeal diseases.

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