Articles

18 February 2013

EVALUATION OF ANTIDOTE ACTIVITY OF LEAVES OF MUSA SAPIENTUM LINN. ON RATS

About Authors:
Vishnu Dev ^1*, Rajiv saxena ²
¹ Truba Institute of pharmacy, Bhopal.
² Assoc. Professor, Truba Institute of pharmacy, Bhopal
*vishnudev2007@rediffmail.com

Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the anti-dote activity of the methanolic and aqueous extract of musa sapientum. The extract was evaluated by physical and serum biochemical parameters as TC and TG. Anti-dote activity of both extract was determined by acute and chronic codeine poisoning,
Acute opioid intoxication and overdose are common causes of presentation to emergency departments. Although naloxone, a pure opioid antagonist, has been available for many years, there is still confusion over the appropriate dose and route of administration. This article looks at the reasons for this uncertainty and undertakes a literature review from which a treatment algorithm is presented.
The anti-dote activity of musa sapientum leaves against codeine induced acute and chronic poisoning was studied in Wistar albino rats. The various fractions of the leaf extract were administered orally (200 mg/kg) simultaneously with codeine (32m g/kg) for 5-10 days. At the end of the experiment, levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol content were measured. Administration of codeine produced a CNS depressant activity and causes poisioning. There was a significant increase in total cholesterol and triglycerides when compared to normal control. physical observation indicated that simultaneous administration of the fractions delayed the onset of toxicity. All the fractions prevented the poisoning damage caused codeine overdose. The leaves of musa sapientum protected the CNS against codeine damage which may be due to its antagonist activity of codeine.
17 February 2013

REVIEW ON SUPER BUG (NDM-1)

About Author:
Kambham Venkateswarlu
Final Year Graduate Student
Sri Lakshmi Narasimha College of Pharmacy,
Palluru, Chittoor-517132, Andhra Pradesh, India.
k.v.reddy9441701016@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
The term superbug is a nonspecific word that is used to describe any microorganism that is resistant to at least one or more commonly used antibiotics. Some authors restrict its use to microorganisms resistant to two or more antibiotics.

The most common bacteria described as superbug are the following:
* MRSA (Staphylococcus aureus strains resistant to multiple antibiotics)
* VRE (Enterococcus species resistant to vancomycin)
* PRSP (Streptococcus pneumonia strains resistant to penicillin)
* ESBLs (Escherichia coli and other Gram-negative bacteria resistant to antibiotics such as cephalosporins and monobactams)

Emerging superbugs may be multiple drug resistant Clostridium difficile, VRSA (vancomycin resistant S.sureus) and NDM Escherichia coli (New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase resistant E.coli).

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17 February 2013

A CURRENT REVIEW ON ANTIVIRAL DRUGS

About Authors:
Mayure.Vijay Kumar^*1, Mayure.Ashok², Athiya Mohammadi¹, C.P.Meher¹
Department of pharmaceutical chemistry
¹Maheshwara College of Pharmacy, Chitkul (V), Isnapur “X” Road, Patancheru, Hyderabad,
²Gokaraju Rangaraju College of pharmacy, Hyderabad.
15 February 2013

SOLUBILITY DETERMINATION IN DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT

About Author:
Dhananjay S Jadhav
*M Tech (Pharmaceutical Technology) Department of Pharmaceutical Technology,
University Institute of Chemical Technology,
North Maharashtra University,
Jalgaon -425001. Maharashtra, India.
dhananjaysjadhav@hotmail.com

Abstract
Solubility of drug candidate plays a vital role in selection of lead compound in early stage of drug development and discovery. Biopharmaceutical classification system distributes the drug candidate into different bins depending on the solubility and permeability. Two type of solubility determined at different stages of drug discovery, kinetic solubility and thermodynamic solubility. It is useful in deciding development plan and option of formulation development and to confirm result obtained from kinetic solubility data. Different problem encounter while determining the solubility, most of characteristics usually pH dependent, such as multiple and often overlapping ionization, complexation, aggregation, micelle formation, and “common ion” effect, incubation time, adsorption to micro porous filters, plastic or glass surfaces, polymorph interconversion. Above parameter should be considered while determining solubility. Different method available for measurement of the different solubility, conventional shake flask method now a day’s replaced by the high throughout solubility assay technique which considerably reduces the incubation time increased accuracy of result. Solubility determination can be done by ultraviolet absorption, nephlometry, Nuclear magnetic resonance and Potentiometric in drug discovery. The present review attempts to give a brief account of solubility and it’s importance, process of solubilisation, problems that occur while determining solubility, different types of solubility and there application, parameter to be considered while measuring solubility, different method to measure solubility, application in drug discovery in development, recent advances in solubility measurement.
14 February 2013

NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

About Authors:
Aruna Rastogi
Roorkee College of Pharmacy and UTU
Patanjali Ayurved Ltd, Sr. Chemist
arunarastogi10@gmail.com

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM:
The method by which a drug is delivered can have a significant effect on its efficacy. Some drugs have an optimum concentration range within which maximum benefit is derived, and concentrations above or below this range can be toxic or produce no therapeutic benefit at all. On the other hand, the very slow progress in the efficacy of the treatment of severe diseases, has suggested a growing need for a multidisciplinary approach to the delivery of therapeutics to targets in tissues. From this, new ideas on controlling the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, non-specific toxicity, immunogenicity, biorecognition, and efficacy of drugs were generated. These new strategies, often called drug delivery systems (DDS), are based on interdisciplinary approaches that combine polymer science, pharmaceutics, bioconjugate chemistry, and molecular biology.
14 February 2013

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SR RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS OF DICLOFENAC SODIUM BY USING CHITOSAN AS A NATURAL POLYMER

About Authors:
Garje V.A¹, Nagargoje S.S¹, Phanse V.R¹, Kshirsagar R.R¹
¹Dept.of Pharmaceutics. S.V.N.H.T’S College Of B.Pharmacy Rahuri Factory,
Rahuri.413706 MS,India.
*vishnugarje02@gmail.com
13 February 2013

REVIEW ON STEM CELL THERAPY FOR DIABETES

About Author:
Kambham Venkateswarlu
Final Year Graduate Student
Sri Lakshmi Narasimha College of Pharmacy,
Palluru, Chittoor-517132, Andhra Pradesh, India.
k.v.reddy9441701016@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
It is the branch of medicine that involves introducing new cells into a diseased tissue to trigger the body’s ability to heal itself.
Cell therapy includes stem cell therapy, which means harvesting, transplantating or implanting stem cells in order to make healing mechanisms available in the diseased or damaged tissue itself. These stem cells may be harvested from the body of the mature adult from specialized sites where it is available such as the marrow of large bones or they may be preserved stem cells, harvested from the Umbilical cord blood or cord tissue at the time of that person’s birth.
They may also be from another donor. If the donor of the stem cells is the same as the patient in whom it is transplanted, it is called autologous cell therapy. If the donor is a different person, it is called allogenic stem cell therapy.
12 February 2013

HERBS AND THEIR INTERACTION WITH ALLOPATHIC DRUGS – A REVIEW

About Authors:
Sharma Monish*, Kumar Bhupender, Bhardwaj Sudeep
Seth G.L Bihani S. D. College of Technical Education,
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Drug Research.
Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan (INDIA)
*monish28sharma@gmail.com

ABSTRACT :
During the recent past, a dramatic rise in the use of herbs and herbal remedies has been witnessed in many parts of the world. While such products had been used with apparent safety in traditional societies for many centuries, when they are being combined with pharmacological agents, posses the possibility of potential interaction between the two groups of substances. In this situation, herb-allopathic drug interaction is an important factor to be measured because there is always a chance to get undesirable therapeutic effect of the prescribed allopathic drug, as like allopathic (prescription) drugs. Herbal medicines also have different pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties which ultimately lead to produce therapeutic responses, but sometimes cause adverse actions and/or drug-herbal interactions. Drug interaction refers to the situation where two or more separate drugs have been absorbed into the body and their effects are affected by each other, i.e. the effects are increased or they produce a new effect that neither produces on its own. The aim of this article is to highlight the interactions between herbal remedies and prescribed drugs.
11 February 2013

THE ROLE OF COX-2 INHIBITORS IN HUMAN CANCER PREVENTION AND OTHER NOVEL TARGETS - A RECENT REVIEW

About Authors:
Lohithasu Duppala^*1, Madhu priya Damuluri¹, Anil kumar vadda^2

1GITAM Institute of Pharmacy, GITAM University, Pharmaceutics, visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India-530045.²AVANTHI Institute of pharmaceutical sciences, pharmacology, visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India-530045.^*lohithasu@gmail.com, anilkumar.vadda@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
COX-2 (Cyclooxygenase-2) is a selective inhibitor of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Cyclooxygenase -2, an enzyme responsible for inflammation and pain. Celecoxib, Rofecoxib, valdecoxib, Parecoxib are class of COX-2 inhibiting drugs. COX-2 inhibitors have been revealed to reduce the occurrence of cancers and pre-cancerous growths. Celecoxib, cox-2 inhibitor isused to prevention of polyp formation in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP). COX-2 inhibitors like celecoxib, Rofecoxib, valdecoxib, Parecoxibare currently being studied in cancer treatment and other targets. This review highlights the COX-2 inhibitors with special emphasis on their role in various kinds of cancer prevention and other targeted therapy. COX-2 inhibitors in cancer chemotherapy and neurological diseases like Parkinson and Alzheimer’s diseases still continues to attract researches on the development of COX-2 inhibitors.
11 February 2013

QUALITY CONTROL WITH QUALITY PREMISES IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY

About Authors:
Sharma Monish*, Kumar Bhupender
Seth G.L Bihani S. D. College of Technical Education,
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Drug Research. Sri Ganganagar,
Rajasthan (INDIA)
*monish28sharma@gmail.com