Review Articles

{ DOWNLOAD AS PDF }

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Yash Prashar*, N.S Gill, Sahil Kakkar
Rayat Institute of Pharmacy; Railmajra,
District SBS Nagar, Punjab, India
yashprashar@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Scopolamine a cholinergic antagonist may cause amnesia in human and animal models. Amnesia induced by Scopolamine has been widely used to understand the biochemical and behavioral changes in rodents. This model can be used to describe the therapeutic targets of memory impairment. In this model the Scopolamine decreases the central cholinergic neuronal activity, block muscarinic receptor and induces oxidative stress. Cholinesterase inhibitors (Donepezil, tacrine, galantamine, and rivastigmine are widely used in the treatment of amnesia. These inhibitors showed non-significant effects. Therefore, herbal medicine can be the sources for the treatment of memory loss due to their Antiacethylcholine esterase and antioxidant activities. In this paper introducing the medicinal plants and their components affecting amnesia on the scopolamine induced model are discussed.

{ DOWNLOAD AS PDF }

ABOUT AUTHORS:
V. Sujatha*, T. Vishnuvaravidyadhar, M.Parvathi, Suryaprakash Reddy
*Department of Pharmaceutics,
Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research,
RIPERK R Palli Cross, Near S.K University, Anantapuramu District, Andhra Pradesh, India
valmiki.sujatha@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Transdermal drug delivery system is one type of more convenient drug delivery system. Skin acts a barrier for transdermal through drug delivery system. Drug across through stratum corneum by low diffusion process. Drug formulation with elastic vesicle or skin enhances vesicles. Etho sources are the ethanolic phospholipids vesicles and which are having higher rate of penetration through the skin. The purpose of writing this Review on ethosome drug focus on the Ethosomes including their mechanism of penetration. Transdermal drug delivery system was came into existence by more than 30 years ago. Ethosomes are the ethanolic phospholipid vesicles. These are used mainly for transdermal delivery of drugs. Ethosomes have higher penetration rate through the skin as compared to liposomes hence these can be used widely in place of liposomes. Ethosomes enhanced skin permeation, improved drug delivery, increased drug entrapment efficiency etc.

{ DOWNLOAD AS PDF }

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Monika A. Rana*, Hasumati A. Raj
Department of Quality Assurance
Shree Dhanvantary College of Pharmacy,
Kim, Gujarat, India
monika92rana@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Levosulpiride is an atypical antipsychotic agent. Levosulpiride is the levo enantiomer of sulpiride. It is a substitute benzamide which is meant to be used for several indications: depression, psychosis, somatoform disorders, emesis anddyspepsia. It blocks the presynaptic dopaminergic D2 receptor. Chemically it is N-[[(2S)-1-Ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl] methyl]-2-methoxy-5 sulfamoylbenzamide. several method such as HPLC in human plasma, area under curve, stability by RP-HPLC is done. The parent drug is given in a dose of 400-1800 mg orally. According to literature survey study of impurity profiling of LIVOSULPIRIDE in presence of intermediate has not been reported.

{ DOWNLOAD AS PDF }

ABOUT AUTHORS
Grishma Trivedi*, Hasumati Raj
Shree Dhanvantary Pharmacy College,
Kim, Gujarat
*trivedigrishma18@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Pravastatin is an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor which is used as a hypolipidemic agent to reduce cholesterol level. Chemically, 9-Fluoro-11β,17-dihydroxy-16α-methyl-3,20-dioxopregna-1,4-dien-21-yl disodium phosphate. Pravastatin is a drug of choice for the cardiovascular disease. It reduces the coronary and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality in middle aged individual. Elevated plasma concentration of C-reactive protein are associated with protein increased cardiovascular disease, long term therapy with pravastatin an agent that reduces cardiovascular risk, might alter levels of this inflammatory parameter. This review consist of various analytical methods for the determination of pravastatin in various marketed pharmaceutical formulation of biological fluid. Analytical methods consist of various chromatographic methods, spectrophotometer methods and electrical methods reported for determination of pravastatin.

{ DOWNLOAD AS PDF }

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Meera V. Lad¹*, Vineet Jain², Hasumati Raj^1
1Department of Quality Assurance,
²Department of Pharmacognosy,
Shree Dhanvantary Pharmacy College, Kim, Gujarat
meeralad235@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Bromhexine HCl (BRH)is a mucolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with viscid or excessive mucus, chemically named 2-amino-3,5-dibromo-N-cyclohexyl-N-methyl benzenemethanamine hydrochloride. According to IUPAC it is 2,4-dibromo-6-[[cyclohexyl(methyl)amino]methyl] aniline hydrochloride. Because of its physiological importance, the drug has been quantified by exploiting its chemical  and physical properties. Bromhexine is a weak base and its precipitate out at pH value above 6. Bromhexine is a synthetic benzyl amine derivative ofvasicine. The different analytical methods used to quantify the drug as a single active pharmaceutical ingredient include flow injection analysis with ionselectiveelectrodes, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, electrokinetic chromatography, electrochemical oxidation at the glassy carbon electrode, liquid chromatography, liquid gas chromatography, GC with mass detection, and voltammetry. The drug has also been quantified in its combined formulations using HPLC, direct and derivative UV spectrophotometry.

{ DOWNLOAD AS PDF }

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Farhana V. Buchiya*, Vineet Jain, Hasumati Raj
Shree Dhanvantary Pharmacy College,
Kim, Surat, Gujarat
buchiyafarhana22@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Cilnidipine is act as a  dual blocker by blocking L- type of calcium channel  present in vascular smooth muscles and  N- type of calcium channel  present in sympathetic nerve  terminal that supply  blood  vessels. Cilnidipine used in treatment of mostly in hypertension and various cardiovascular diseases except in Angina. Cilnidipine used alone or in combination. This review covers most recent analytical methods such as various spectroscopic methods, chromatographic methods and other methods for determination of cilnidipine in various pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological matrix were reported.

[adsense:336x280:8701650588]

ABOUT AUTHOR
Madhusudan P Dabhole
Group Manager – BioProcess,
Richcore Life Sciences Ltd, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
madhav888@rediffmail.com

ABSTRACT
The manufacturing of recombinant products by fermentation and purification in stainless steel vessels has seen the transition from small scale to large scale and further to single use disposable technology. The requirement to develop and modulate the process has arisen from the cost and manufacturers need to move the facility on mobile platforms. The review describes the strategies and considerations for Single Use Disposable Technology. Recombinant proteins are widely used for treatment of various diseases and disorders. Single Use Disposable Technology makes it promising to produce and formulate these proteins from bench scale to commercial level in a shorter span of time so that it can reach the physician and patients.

{ DOWNLOAD AS PDF }

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Asif I Bhim*, Vineet Jain, Hasumati Raj
Shree Dhanvantary Pharmacy College,
Kim, Gujarat, India
bhimiqbal23@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Itopride Hydrochloride is a novel, synthesized, gastro prokinetic drug, which stimulates gastrointestinal motor activity through the synergistic effects of dopamine D2-receptor blockade and acetylcholine esterase inhibitors. Chemically, it is N-[[4-[2-(Dimethyl amino) ethoxy] phenyl] methyl]-3, 4-dimethoxy benzamide hydrochloride. Benzamide structure, amide and ether linkages in the drug molecule make it susceptible to degradation. Thus a prokinetic drug like Itopride Hydrochloride by virtue of its efficacy and tolerability could be considered as a drug of first choice and a welcome addition to the drug armamentarium for the symptomatic treatment of NUD (non-ulcer Dyspepsia) and other gastric motility disorders including functional bowel disorders. This review consists of various analytical methods for determination of Itopride Hydrochloride in various marketed pharmaceutical preparation and in biological fluids. Analytical method consists of various spectroscopic methods, chromatographic methods and other methods.