Articles

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
Auti Snehal D.*¹, Jadhav S. L², Gadhave Manoj V^3
1Department of Quality Assurance Techniques
^2,3Department of Pharmaceutics
VJSM’S Vishal institute of pharmaceutical education and research, Ale, Pune, Maharashtra, 412411
snehal.d.auti@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
The present research work discusses the development of a dissolution method for Fluconazole using UV spectrophotometer. Simple, accurate and cost efficient dissolution method has been developed for the estimation of Fluconazole in bulk and tablet dosage form. The optimum conditions for the dissolution of the drug were established. The dissolution media was found to be 0.1N HCl (pH 1.2). The apparatus was found to be USP II, Paddle and the speed was found to be 50 rpm for 30 minutes time interval.

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
Fatema Nasrin¹*, Saikat Ranjan Paul², Sonia Zaman², Sabiha Ferdowsy Koly^2
1Senior Lecturer,  Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka-1213
²Lecturer, Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka-1213
nasrin_0209@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT
In the present study the antimicrobial & cytotoxic activity of crude methanolic extracts of leaves and stems of VignaMungoLinn. Hepper (Family-Leguminosae)were studied. Antimicrobial activity was tested against eleven important pathogenic bacteria including both gram positive and gram negative bacteria and two common fungi. The bacteria are B. megaterium, B. subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Sarcina lutea, Escherichia coli, Salmonella paratyphi, S. typhi, Shigella boydii, S. dysenteriae Vibrio mimicus and V. parahemolyticus. Disc diffusion technique was used for invitro antibacterial and antifungal screening. Here kanamycin disc (30mg /disc) was used as standard for antibacterial study. The extracts showed antimicrobial activity against most of the bacterial strains with an average zone of inhibition of 10-20mm. The tested fungi are Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The extracts showed very good antifungal activity with an average 15 -19 mm zone of inhibition. The methanolic extracts of leaves of V. mungo  showed maximum activity (19 mm, zone of inhibition)  against Bacillus  megaterium (19mm) with Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 64mg/ml. The maximum zone of inhibition for the methanolic extracts of  stems was found 20mm  against Shigellaboydii with MIC values of 64mg/ml. Cytotoxicity test was also studied by Brine Shrimp Lethality Bioassay and compare with LC₅₀ values of standard vincristin sulphate as a positive control. The results illustrated significant cytotoxicity against A. salina, with LC₅₀ 0.67μg/ml, 4.52 μg/ml and 3.25 μg/ml for vincristine sulphate as standard, leaves and stems extracts, respectively. Further pharmacological investigations are required to understand the underlying mechanism of these pharmacological activities.

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ABOUT AUTHOR:
Pranita Pradip Dharmadhikari
Department of Phrmacology,
N.D.M.V.P. College of Pharmacy, Nashik
2009pranitadh@gmail.com

“Pharmacy is the health profession that links the health science with the chemical science and it is charged with ensuring safe and effective use of pharmaceutical drugs.” That’s how the Wikipedia defines it. For a student it is a career, an ambition and of a course a learning process.

Pharmacy education in India was initiated by Medical College; Madras in 1860, the purpose was to develop pharmaceutical skills of students of medical degree or diploma course or of that pursuing hospital assistance. From 1860 to 2014 the pharmacy profession shows a tremendous growth in India, it shows that pharmacist is one of the major fraternities of health care system around the world. As a pharmacist, I must say that pharmacy is profession which benefits to the world. But certain area in pharmacy are consistently points the pharmacist as towards negative aspects. Hence it’s a pharmacist’s duty to focus on wrong practices to make a profession as boon for world.^[1]

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
Amarjeet Singh*, Sudeep Bhardwaj, Ashutosh Aggarwal
Department of Pharmacology,
Seth G. L. Bihani S. D. College of Technical Education,
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Drug Research,
Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan 335001, India
*amarjeetsingh024@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Objective: The choice of drug for the treatment of hypertension changes at short intervals. Drug utilization studiesconducted at regular intervals help to guide the physician in prescribing drugs rationally. The present study was done toanalyze the prescribing patterns of antihypertensive drugs in a NorthIndian  hospital.

Material & method: A retrospective, crosssectional analysis of prescriptions of antihypertensive cases admitted in Medicine in-patient wards of civil hospital of Sri Ganganagar was conducted. All the prescription files with diagnosis ofessential hypertension were analyzed. Prescriptions for hypertension with other co-morbid conditions were also included. Frequency and proportions of utilization of antihypertensive medications were charted and figured.

Result: During the studyperiod, there were 435 prescriptions for essential hypertension. The most frequently prescribed antihypertensive medications were:  monotherapy (42.06%), (57.94%) of patients were on multiple drugtherapy, the most favored fixed drug combination being diuretics with angiotensin receptor blockers (31.74%).

Conclusion: The present study revealed that Angiotensin receptor blockers arethe drugs of choice as monotherapy and as combination therapy for hypertensives. This pattern of prescription is also supported by the current JNC VIII guidelines for the treatment of hypertension.

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
Vinit Raj*, Amit Rai, Deepak Kumar and Vinod Kumar
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University),
VidyaVihar, Raebreli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226025, India
*raj.vinit24@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Epilepsy is a common brain disease that is characterized by recurrent and spontaneous seizures that result from abnormal and excessive synchronization of neuronal activity. Whereas, accumulation of Ca⁺⁺ in presynaptic terminals, leading to improved neurotransmitter release. In additional, depolarization-induced inauguration of the NMDA subtype of the excitatory amino acid receptor, which causes more Ca⁺⁺ influx and neuronal activation. The main aim of this study to focus on the deactivation of Ca⁺⁺ influx and prevent the augmentation of neuron activation. However, we performed molecular modeling of  novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives keeping in view structural requirement of pharmacophore and Quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) and evaluated in silico anticonvulsant activity. Docking procedures allow virtually screening a database of compounds and predict the strongest binder based on various scoring functions. In the docking study, targeted ligand  produced significantly affinity with the calcium channel receptor which is slightly higher than the phenytoin drug. A computational study was also carried out including prediction of pharmacokinetic properties, toxicity and bioactivity studies. All above parameter was calculated which exhibited slightly excellent compared than standard Phenytoin drug. The above observation suggested that these compounds would serve as better lead for anticonvulsant screening for future drug design perspective.

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
Manju Gowda M R*, Gnanasekaran D, Ashik navas T, Antony george
Department of Pharmacology, Bharathi College of Pharmacy,
Bharathinagara, Mandya, Karnataka-571422
manjugowdamr@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
The present study was under taken to study the Adaptogenic activity of ethanol, aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts of Breynia vitis-idaea (burm.f) c. fisher. (Euphorbiaceae) leaves. Adaptogenic activity of these extracts were studied using in-vivo Swim Endurance test and compared with the standard Fluoxetin. All the extracts showed significant increase in the swimming time. Adaptogenic nature of the extracts may be attributed to the presence of constituents such as alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids and saponins in plant extracts. This study proven that the potential adaptogenic nature of the extract of Breynia vitis-idaea leaves.

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
Jadhav Santosh¹*, Mali Audumbar¹, Tamboli Ashpak²
Department of Pharmaceutics, Sahyadri College of Pharmacy, Methwade, Sangola-413307, Solapur, Maharashtra, India¹.
Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry, Sahyadri College of Pharmacy, Methwade, Sangola-413307, Solapur, Maharashtra, India².
jadhavsan88@gmail.com*

ABSTRACT
Since the current Ebola Virus Disease (also referred to as Ebola Haemorrhagic Fever) outbreak began in Guinea in December of 2013, the outbreak now involves trans-mission in Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone. Ebola haemorrhagic fever (EHF) is a zoonosis affecting both human and non-human primates (NHP). Ebola virus (formerly officially designated Zaire Ebolavirus, or EBOV) was first seen infecting humans in African continent; especially  Sudan, Democratic Republican of Congo, Zaire and nearby countries. Fruit bats of the Pteropodidae family are considered to be the natural host of the Ebola virus. The virus is transmitted to people from wild animals and spreads in the human population through human-to-human transmission. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that this is the largest Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak ever recorded. EVD outbreaks have a case fatality rate ofup to 90%. The research is on-going on development of making vaccine to curb this virus yet licensed success or specific treatment is not achieved.

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