JUL 2014 ARTICLE LIST >>
PharmaTutor (July- 2014)
ISSN: 2347 - 7881
Received On: 16/04/2014; Accepted On: 14/05/2014; Published On: 01/07/2014
AUTHORS: Shikha Jain*, Kirti Jatwa, Vikas Jain, Avnish Sharma, S.C. Mahajan
Department of Pharmaceutics,
Mahakal Institute of Pharmaceutical Studies,
Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India.
*jain.shikhapharma@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
The demand of herbal products is now increasing tremendously in whole across the World especially in India. Elaeocarpus sphaericus (rudraksha), belonging to the family Elaeocarpeaceae is popular in indigenous system of medicine including Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani. Traditionally rudraksha is used for the treatment of various diseases like stress, anxiety, depression, palpitation, nerve pain, and epilepsy, and migraine, lack of concentration, asthma, hypertension, arthritis and liver diseases. Phytochemical study of rudraksha reveals that it contains indolizidine type of Alkaloids. Aqueous extract of leaves contains glycosides also. It also contains minerals, vitamins, steroids, flavanoids. Ethanolic extract of leaves contains gallic acid, ellagic acid & quercetin. This plant has also been proved to be a very good centre for researches for scientists. In the field of research, rudraksha has been found to possess various biological activities like anti-hypertensive, anti-depressant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, analgesic, anti-diabetic and antioxidant activity. In view of its wide pharmacological and biological activities, it seems to behaving a great therapeutic potential. The present review aims to present current knowledge of major phyto-constituents, clinical studies with major emphasis on traditional and pharmacological activities.
How to cite this article: S Jain, K Jatwa, V Jain, A Sharma, SC Mahajan; A Review on Elaeocarpus Sphaericus (Rudraksha); PharmaTutor; 2014; 2(7); 83-91
[ABSTRACT WITH CITATION] [VIEW AS HTML]
REFERENCES:
1. Asolkar L.V., Kakkar R.R., Chakre O.J. Second supplement to glossary of Indian medicinal plants with active principles. Part- 1(A-K): PLD (CSIR), New Dehli.1965-1981.
2. Sakat S.S., Wankhede S.S., Juvekar A.R., Mali V.R., Bodhankar S.L. Antihypertensive activity of aqueous extract of Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb. Seeds in renal artery occluded hypertensive rats. International journal of pharma tech research. 2009; 1: 779-782.
3. Khare C.P. Encyclopedia of medicinal plants. 3rd reprint. New York: Spring publications; 2004.
4. Gupta A, Aggarwal S.S., Basu D.K. Anticonvulsant activity of mixed fatty acids of the Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb. Indian j. of physiology pharmacology, 1984, 28: 245-286.
5. Dr Vanamala Parthsarathy, Rudraksha,p.p. 16-19.
6. The translation of rudr?k?a as "Rudra's eyes" and definition as berries of Elaeocarpus ganitrus see: Stutley, p. 119.
7. wikipedia.com
8. rudrakshanepal.Com.
9. Ogata K. Anatomical characters and identification of tropical woods. 1975, 1: 276.
10. rudraksha-ratna.com
11. M. L. Khan, Putul Bhuyan and R. S. Tripathi. Effects of forest disturbance on fruit set, seed dispersal and predation of Rudraksh(Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb.) in northeast India. Current Science. 2005, 88(1):133-143.
12. divine-rudraksha.com/rudraksha-information.html
13. Khan M.L., Putul B., Tripathi R.S. Conservation status of Rudraksha in tropical wet evergreen forests of Arunachal Pradesh,Current Science. 2004, 86: 646-651.
14. Devesh Tewari, Pranay Kumar, Pankaj Sharma. Pharmacognostical Evaluation of Elaeocarpus sphaericus (Rudraksha) Leaves. International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research 2013, 5(3); 147-150.
15. Harinderjit Singh and Balbir Singh. Microscopy of Rudraksha Sacred Seeds-The Traditional Panacea. International Journal of Natural Product Science. 2012, 1:138
16. Lal, C. Tabulated phytochemical reports. Phytochemistry, 1975; 14: 1467-1468.
17. Rastogi, R.P. and B.N. Mehrotra. Compendium of Indian Medicinal Plants. Publication and Information Directorate, Lucknow, India.1991: 261-262.
18. Johns, S.R., J.A. Lamberton and A.A. Sioumis. Elaeocarpus alkaloids. III. The structures of elaeocarpidine, a new indole alkaloid. Aust. J. Chem. 1969 22: 801-806.
19. Johns, S.R., J.A. Lamberton, A.A. Sioumis and R.I. Willing. Elaeocarpus alkaloids. IV. The alkaloids of Elaeocarpus sphaericus. Aust. J. Chem.1970; 24: 1679-1694.
20. Ray, A.B., L. Chand and V.B. Pandey. Rudrakine: A new alkaloid from Elaeocarpus ganitrus. Phytochemistry. 1979; 18: 700-701.
21. Bhattacharya, S.K., P.K. Debnath, V.B. Pandey and A.K. Sanyal,. Pharmacological investigations on Elaeocarpus ganitrus. Planta Med. 1975; 28: 174-177.
22. Dasgupta, A., S.S. Agrawal and D.K. Basu. Anticonvulsant activity of the mixed fatty acids of the Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb. Indian J. Physiol. Pharm. 1984; 28: 245-286.
23. Panday, V.B. and S.K. Bhattacharya. Scientific appraisal of rudraksha (Elaeocarpus ganitrus): Chemical and pharmacological studies. J. Res. Edu. Ind. Med. 1985; 4: 47-50.
24. Nain, J., K. Garg and S. Dhahiya. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of Elaeocarpus sphaericus leaf extract. Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci., 4: 379-381.
25. file://e:\ Rudraksha.html
26. Dhanavantari, (Ayurvedic Journal) Bala Rogank, 1968.
27. Justice I. Panduranga Rao and Sathyanarayana Swami. Rudraksha Therapy For Perfect Health. Ancient Science of Life. 1995; 15(1): 21-26.
28. Lakshmi.T, Anitha Roy, Durgha K , Manjusha. V “Coping with Hypertension Using Safer Herbal Medicine – A Therapeutic Review”, Int. J. Drug Dev. & Res., July-Sep 2011, 3(3): 31-57.
29. Singh, B., A. Chopra, N.P.S. Ishar, A. Sharma and T. Raj. Pharmacognostic and antifungal investigations of Elaeocarpus ganitrus(Rudraksha). Indian J Pharm. Sci., 2010; 72: 261-265.
30. Shah G, Shiri R, Kumar R, Singh H, Nagpal N. Pharmacognostical standardization of fruits of Elaeocarpus sphaericus (Gaertn). K. Schum. Pharmacognosy Journal, 2010; 2 (13): 565-57.
31. Sakat S.S., Wankhede S.S., Juvekar A.R., Mali V.R., Bodhankar S.L. Antihypertensive effect of aqueous extract of Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb. seeds in renal artery occluded hypertensive rats. International Journal of Pharm Tech Research. 2009; 1(3): 779-782.
32. Kumar T.S., Shanmugam S., Palvannan T., Kumar V.M. Evaluation of antioxidant properties of Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb. Leaves, Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research. 2008; 7: 211-215.
33. Dr Jayantha Kumar Sarma, An Experimental Evaluation of the effect of Rudraksha in Adrenaline and Nicotine induced Hypertension. Ancient Science of Life.2004;23(4):1-10.
34. Almeida R.N., Navarro D.S., Barbosa-Filho J.M. Plants with central analgesic activity, Phytomedicine. 2004; 8: 310-322.
35. Almeida R.N., Navarro D.S., Barbosa-filho J.M. Plants with central analgesic activity. Phytomedicine, 2001; 8(4): 310-322.
36. Singh R.K., Acharya S.B., Bhattacharya S.K. Pharmacological activity of Elaeocarpus sphaericus, Phytotherapy research. 2000; 14: 36-39.
37. Singh R.K, Bhattacharya S.K, Acharya S.B. Studies on extracts of Elaeocarpus sphaericus fruits on in vitro rat mast cells. Phytomedicine, 2000; 7(3): 205-7.
38. Bopaiah C.P., Pradhan N., Venkataram B.S. Pharmacological study on antidepressant activity of 50% ethanol extract of a formulated ayurvedic product in rats. J Ethnopharmacol, 2000; 72(3):411-419.
.png)
