Articles

About Authors:
Prabhakar Sharma^*1, Prakash Pandey¹, Sunil Roshan¹, Ashish Garg2, Vikas Pandey³, Anil Pasi^4
1Department of Pharmacognosy, GRKIST (Pharmacy), Jabalpur, M.P.
²Department of Pharmaceutics, GRKIST (Pharmacy), Jabalpur, M.P.
³Department of chemistry, RDVV, Jabalpur, M.P.
⁴College of pharmacy, IPS academy, Indore, M.P.
*mr.pks19@gmail.com, pksmp11@gmail.com

Abstract
Sometimes Herbal medicines are referred as herbalism or natural medicine is the use of herbs for their therapeutic or medicinal value, an herb is a plant or plant part valued for its medicinal, aromatic or savory qualities. Herb plants produce and contain a variety of chemical substances that act upon the body herbalism has a long tradition of use outside of conventional medicine. It is becoming more main stream as improvements in analysis and quality control along with advances in clinical research show the value of herbal medicine in the treating and preventing disease. By definition, ‘traditional’ use of herbal medicines implies substantial historical use, and this is certainly true for many products that are available as ‘traditional herbal medicines’.

ABOUT AUTHOR:
Bhimavarapu Ramya Reddy
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis,
A.M Reddy Memorial College of Pharmacy, Narasaraopet,
Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
ramyareddy.bh@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
One of the major challenges facing the pharmaceutical industry today is to increase the productivity, cost effective, ultimately developing new therapies that increases the human health. In order to achieve these challenges, new hyphenated analytical techniques has been employed to perform experiments in less span of time with high quality. During last decade, quantification of low molecular weight drugs by using LC-MS/MS in biological fluids is common procedure in many clinical and preclinical laboratories. Also it plays significant role in the evaluation and interpretation of bioequivalence, pharmacokinetic, and toxicokinetic studies. This overview highlights a number of issues involving “small molecule drugs”, bioanalytical liquid Chromatography –tandem mass spectrometry, which are frequently encountered during assay development.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Badola Ashutosh,* Nishu Sharma
Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Technology & Science ( SGRRITS ),
Dehradun 248001, Uttarakhand , India
*ashutosh.badolam.pharma@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Controlled release local drug delivery systems offer advantages compared to systemic dosage forms for periodontitis. The objective of this research was to design and evaluate sustained release dental films containing drug in a non-biodegradable polymer for targeted delivery of the drug. The polymer ethyl cellulose was used in the formulation of dental films. The dental film was then evaluated for various parameters like thickness, folding endurance, and weight variation, and content uniformity, in vitro and in vivo study. Drug release profile of the dental film showed that the film exerted an initial burst release followed by a sustained release of the drug and the drug release was well above the minimum inhibitory concentration throughout the time of study. The release data obtained were subjected for release kinetics study. The study suggested that the non-biodegradable based dental film is a potential local drug delivery device for the treatment of periodontitis.

ABOUT AUTHOR
Kunal Roy
NSHM Group of Institutions Knowledge campus,
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis & Quality Assurance
Kolkata-700053
kunal.roy17@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Counterfeit Culture is a one of the most important and dangerous crime in the world of drugs and its related products  and  explores the dangerous and sometimes deadly world of fake, fraudulent, and faux products. The pharmaceutical  industry has a has history of peddled knock-off  dosage forms, medical devices   but during the last 15 years, it has mushroomed into a global phenomenon.
The range of counterfeit goods now being produced includes pharmaceuticals. The traffic in counterfeit goods is now estimated at a staggering $350 billion representing nearly 10% of all global trade. This illicit and highly profitable criminal enterprise continues to grow unabated and has been linked to organized crime syndicates around the world.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Tripti Verma*, Keshav Vashistha, Sachin Vispute
B N College of Pharmacy,
Udaipur, Rajasthan
*triptiphsoni22@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
The review examines the recent  trials of clopidogrel in the treatment of acute coronary syndromes, as well as current cardiac guidelines from several professional societies. As the publication of the landmark study Clopidogrel in Unstable Angina to Prevent Recurrent Events (CURE), the clinical benefit of early and intermediate-term use of combined antiplatelet agents--clopidogrel plus aspirin--in non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients became evident. Pretreatment and intermediate-term therapy with clopidogrel in NSTEMI ACS patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was further supported by the PCI-CURE trial. Recently, the results of two major trials Clopidogrel as Adjunctive Reperfusion Therapy-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 28, Clopidogrel and Metoprolol in Myocardial Infarction Trial established the pivotal role of clopidogrel in the other spectrum of ACS-STEMI. Coupled with the results from previous multicentre trials, these two studies provide a guide for the early and long-term use of clopidogrel in the whole spectrum of ACS. A review summarising the results of the recent clinical trials and a discussion on its implications for the clinical management of ACS is presented.Clopidogrel is well established in the treatment of acute coronary syndromes and is ubiquitous in cardiology practice. Landmark studies have established the importance of clopidogrel in the treatment of non-ST and ST elevation myocardial infarction and in percutaneous coronary intervention by reducing death, reinfarction, and adverse cardiac events.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Miss Apoorva Bhatnagar¹, Dr. S. C. Mahajan^2
1Mahakal institute of pharmaceutical studies,  
²Director at Mahakal Institute of Pharmaceutical Studies,
Ujjain (m.p.)  456010
*apy1590bhtngr@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Foods and food habits in today’s lifestyle have lead to the disturbances in an ideally nutritionally balanced body. Therefore in such state if “food be your medicine” then it would be great to achieve a healthy body and mind. The article covers major food products and nutraceuticals and their role they play in human health.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Mr. Gunjegaonkar shivshankar M., Mr. T.T. shelke
Dept. of Pharmacology, JSPMs Charak College of pharmacy and research,
Wagholi, Pune, Maharashtra
*gunjeshiv@gmail.com

1.  ABSTRACT
The 21st century has a paradigm shift from allopathic medicinal system to homeopathic and Ayurvedic medicinal system as it is been proved that the adverse effects or unwanted effects associated with the modern synthetic medicines are more than the herbal medicines. Worldwide acceptance of herbal medicine is increasing day by day and its beneficial effects are focused by scientific researches. The herbs play important role in management of diverse group of diseases ranging from acute fever to cardiac complications. The current review is taken with interest to gather the scientific information of plant which shows the hepatoprotective activity. Various scientific research reveals that these medicinal plant did not shows any acute toxicity even in high doses. The preliminary phytochemical studies show the presence of important secondary metabolites like flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, rutin and rotenoids. Triterpenoid etc.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Sweety Sharma*, Amardeep Ankalgi, Chandra Shekhar Sharma, Hemendra Pratap Singh, Priyadarshani Kamble, Mahendra Singh Ranawat.
Deptt. Of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, B.N.College of Pharmacy,
Udaipur-313002, Rajasthan, India.
*sweet2pharma@gmail.com

ABSTRCT
Impurity is defined as any substance coexisting with the original drug, such as starting material or intermediates or that is formed, due to any side reactions. According to the International Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for the Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) guideline on impurities in new drug substances, an impurity is defined as 'any component of the new drug substance that is not the chemical entity defined as the new drug substance’.Identification of impurities is done by variety of Chromatographic and Spectroscopic techniques, either alone or in combination with other techniques. There are different methods for detecting and characterizing impurities with TLC, HPLC, and HPTLC etc.  The most exploited techniques, for impurity profiling of drugs are LC-MS-MS, LC-NMR, LCNMR- MS, GC-MS, and LC-MS.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Neha singh*¹, Chandana Majee^2
1.M.Pharm ( Department of Pharmaceutics)
^2.Assistant Professor, Departmrnt of pharmaceutical chemistry.
Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Noida
*neha8april@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
In order to achieve a successful colon targeted drug delivery system, a drug needs to be protected from degradation, release and/or absorption in the upper portion of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and then ensure abrupt or controlled release in the proximal colon. Such a system can be formulated by utilizing microbial triggering degradation of polymer coating/ gastro intestinal (GI) transit time (time dependent)/ pH dependent approach etc. But unfortunately it has been found that colonic microflora, GI transit time and pH varies considerably inside a human system by several factors, in addition to this the native biodegradable polysaccharides which are used widely for the microbial triggering colonic drug delivery system (CDDS), are having high aqueous solubility on account of which a single unit colon targeted drug delivery systems may suffer from dose dumping due to overall catastrophic failure of the film around a monolith, which would then release the whole drug, that may lead to drastically compromised systemic drug bioavailability or loss of local therapeutic action in the colon. This review emphasizes some of the causes which make a single unit dosage form unsuitable for targeting to colon by using microbial triggering/GI transit time/pH dependent approach, and at the same time discusses researches which have been carried out to alleviate these problems by utilizing multiparticulate combined approaches.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Keshava Murthy S R*, Shiva kumar
R&D Officer
Provimi Animal Nutrition India Pvt. Ltd.
Bangalore - 560 064 Karnataka INDIA
*keshavmurthysr86@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Reactive oxygen species(ROS) are free radicals which are generated from exogenous factors, where excessive ROS will result in Oxidative stress. These harmful free radicals generated continuously can be counteracted by the antioxidant defense system by the body. Multiple antioxidant methods were used to study the complete profile of an antioxidant compound so to establish a single antioxidant method which can determine the complete nature of antioxidant molecules is of great importance. CUPRAC method which involves the reduction of cupric ion to cuprous by antioxidant compound  is found to be advantageous over other commonly followed antioxidant methods. The present review article includes detailed in vitro procedure, principle behind, application of this cuprac method.