Pharmacognosy Articles

ABOUT AUTHOR:
Khushbu Singh
Department of pharmaceutical chemistry
Noida Institute Of Engineering & Technology, Noida
khushbu1991singh@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
The antioxidative activity of a total of 92 phenolic extracts from edible and nonedible plant materials (berries, fruits, vegetables, herbs, cereals, tree materials, plant sprouts, and seeds) was examined by autoxidation of methyl linoleate. The content of total phenolics in the extracts was determined spectrometrically according to the Folin-Ciocalteu procedure and calculated as gallic acid equivalents (GAE). Among edible plant materials, remarkable high antioxidant activity and high total phenolic content (GAE > 20 mg/g) were found in berries, especially aronia and crowberry. Apple extracts (two varieties) showed also strong antioxidant activity even though the total phenolic contents were low (GAE < 12.1 mg/g). Among nonedible plant materials, high activities were found in tree materials, especially in willow bark, spruce needles, pine bark and cork, and birch phloem, and in some medicinal plants including heather, bog-rosemary, willow herb, and meadowsweet. In addition, potato peel and beetroot peel extracts showed strong antioxidant effects. To utilize these significant sources of natural antioxidants, further characterization of the phenolic composition is needed.

About Authors:
Neha Karekar, Prit Lakhani, Ujas Patel
Mumbai Educational Trust
Institute of Pharmacy
Associate Pharmacy Education Officer 2012-2013
Indian Pharmaceutical Association Students' Forum Maharashtra State Branch
2009nehak@gmail.com

Abstract:
Ayurvastra refers to herbal clothes.  It is made by embedding essential oils and herbs into textiles. A wide range of herbs can be used for this process like Chocolate,Tulsi, Brier rose, Indigo, Red Riding Hood (mix of spices) etc. Such textiles have their applications in providing medicinal value and aroma to the garment. Ayurvastra (also marketed as cosmetotextiles on a broad term) has been used for treating enumerable range of diseases such as diabetes, arthritis, skin infections, hyper tension, hay fever etc.Results by using sensorial evaluations showed that performance of such garments lasts for more than 30 days.

About Authors:
¹Bhatt Mehul K.*, ²Dr. Captain A.D.
¹Department of Pharmacognosy,
Shivam Pharmaceutical Studies & Research Centre,
Valasan-388 326, Anand, Gujarat, India.
²Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry
A. R. College and G. H Patel institute of Pharmacy,
Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand-380 015, Gujarat, India.
*mkb_0999@yahoo.co.in

Absract:
Today estimate that about 80% of people in developing countries still relays on traditional medicine based largely on species of plants and animals for their primary health care. India has one of the richest plant traditions in the world. These are estimated to by around 25,000 effect plant based formulations, used in folk medicine and known to rural communities in India. India^’s share in the export of herbals is USD 63 billion which is just 0.2% of the global herbal market. So there is obviously vast scope for Indian manufacturers for entering the growing worldwide opportunity of business in herbal pharmaceutical field. We also have to focus on standardization of herbal products. Pharmaceutical export promotion council i.e PHARMEXCIL is ready to play a key role in this regards. Currently, a majority of the adverse events related to the use of herbal products and herbal medicines that are reported are attributable either to poor product quality or to improper use. Inadequate regulatory measures, weak quality control systems and largely uncontrolled distribution channels may have been contribution to the occurrence of such events. So Pharmacovigilance of herbal medicines is required.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Sayoni Sengupta, Asha Kesari
B.Pharm final year,
Department of Pharmaceutics
Kanak Manjari Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
bonirini@hotmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Antioxidants provide an all encompassing protection against cellular wear and damage. Antioxiants occurring naturally are present in all food and herbal medicines. Their addition in small quantities within permissible limits, delay, retard or prevent development of rancidity caused by atmospheric oxygen and thus preserve fats, carotenoids and other nutritive ingredients of food.
Herbal antioxidant in particular is recommended as dietary constituent. Each antioxidant is believed to help address the effect of aging, support healthy brain, maintain capillary integrity and also maintain a healthy cardiovascular system.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Mahaveer Kabra*, Sanjay Bhandari, Natasha Sharma Raman Gupta.
Department of Pharmacology,
Kota College of Pharmacy, Kota. Raj.
*sanskarkabra@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Abrus precatoriusLinn (Fabaceae) Plant found all throughout the plains of India, from Himalaya down to Southern India and Ceylon. It is used medicinally in various country. The roots, leaves and seeds of the plant are used medicinally. Glycyrrhizin, Triterpene glycosides, pinitol and alkaloids such as abrine, hepaphotine, choline and precatorine are the principle chemical constituents of the plants. Traditionally leaves are used as aphrodisiac, tonic, remove biliousness, useful in eye diseases, cures leucoderma, itching, skin diseases and wounds. The root is considered emetic and alexiteric. Internally, the seeds are described as poisonous and useful in affections of the nervous system and externally used in skin diseases, ulcers and affections of the hair. Antifertility, Antithrombin, Aanthelmintic Activity, Antimalarial are some reported activity of Abrus precatorius Linn.

About Authors:
Prabhakar Sharma^*1, Prakash Pandey¹, Sunil Roshan¹, Ashish Garg2, Vikas Pandey³, Anil Pasi^4
1Department of Pharmacognosy, GRKIST (Pharmacy), Jabalpur, M.P.
²Department of Pharmaceutics, GRKIST (Pharmacy), Jabalpur, M.P.
³Department of chemistry, RDVV, Jabalpur, M.P.
⁴College of pharmacy, IPS academy, Indore, M.P.
*mr.pks19@gmail.com, pksmp11@gmail.com

Abstract
Sometimes Herbal medicines are referred as herbalism or natural medicine is the use of herbs for their therapeutic or medicinal value, an herb is a plant or plant part valued for its medicinal, aromatic or savory qualities. Herb plants produce and contain a variety of chemical substances that act upon the body herbalism has a long tradition of use outside of conventional medicine. It is becoming more main stream as improvements in analysis and quality control along with advances in clinical research show the value of herbal medicine in the treating and preventing disease. By definition, ‘traditional’ use of herbal medicines implies substantial historical use, and this is certainly true for many products that are available as ‘traditional herbal medicines’.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Mr. Gunjegaonkar shivshankar M., Mr. T.T. shelke
Dept. of Pharmacology, JSPMs Charak College of pharmacy and research,
Wagholi, Pune, Maharashtra
*gunjeshiv@gmail.com

1.  ABSTRACT
The 21st century has a paradigm shift from allopathic medicinal system to homeopathic and Ayurvedic medicinal system as it is been proved that the adverse effects or unwanted effects associated with the modern synthetic medicines are more than the herbal medicines. Worldwide acceptance of herbal medicine is increasing day by day and its beneficial effects are focused by scientific researches. The herbs play important role in management of diverse group of diseases ranging from acute fever to cardiac complications. The current review is taken with interest to gather the scientific information of plant which shows the hepatoprotective activity. Various scientific research reveals that these medicinal plant did not shows any acute toxicity even in high doses. The preliminary phytochemical studies show the presence of important secondary metabolites like flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, rutin and rotenoids. Triterpenoid etc.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Mahaveer Prasad Kabra*, Sanjay Singh Bhandari, Shakti Singh, Paresh Mohan.
Kota College of Pharmacy, SP-1,
RIICO Industrial Area, Ranpur,
Jhalawar road, Kota, Rajasthan, India – 324009
*sanskarkabra@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Surfactant plays an important role in various drug delivery. To formulate the compounds sparingly soluble in water the surfactants are typically employed to increase solubility. Herbal are materials which have a tendency to preferentially get absorbed at the interface between two phases. The low solubility in biological fluids displayed by about 50% of the drugs still remains the main limitation in oral, parenteral and transdermal administration. Among the strategies to overcome these drawbacks surfactant is the most effective alternative. This article review about the herbal surfactants, their types, limitation, structure and mechanism, and evaluation of herbal surfactant.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
*Anyonyya Mallam, surendar Angothu
Department of Pharmacognosy,
Vathsalya College of Pharmacy, Bhongir,
Nalgonda (Dist), Andhra Pradesh –  508116, India
*anyonyya1688@gmail.com

ABSTARCT
Infectious diseases are disorders caused by pathogenic microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa and multicellular parasites. The important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries is due to pathogenic microorganisms. Symptoms associated with bacterial infections such as headache, nausea, vomiting, fever, cough, cold and organ failures. The therapeutic use of medicinal plant is becoming popular because of their lesser side effects and low resistance in microorganisms.This article describes the antibacterial properties of  Oroxylum indicumVent., Lantana camara, Ruta graveolens, Argyreia  argentea, Mallotus  philippensis [Lam.] Muell. Arg. Var. philippensis, Mahonia manipurensis Takeda, Polyalthia longifoliavar. angustifolia, Prosopis cineraria (Linn.) druce, Bryonopsis laciniosa, Jatropha curcas.