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SONOPHORESIS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY- A REVIEW ON THE LATEST TECHNIQUES IN T.D.D.S
About Authors:
Mary Joseph Parakka2*, Dr. Smita Nayak 1,
1Professor, HOD Department of Pharmaceutics
2Bachelors of Pharmacy, Gahlot Institute of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai.
*mparakka@gmail.com
Abstract:
This review article is mainly focused on the recent and efficient methods of drug delivery in Transdermal drug delivery system; namely Sonophoresis and Nanotechnology ( as Nanoparticles).
Application of these methods in transdermal drug delivery has improved patient compliance and opened new techniques in T.D.D.S
TREAT AMEBIASIS BY SINGLE DRUG BY COLON TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
About Author:
Kunal Jain
Indo Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy,
Moga, Punjab
jainkunal87@gmail.com
1 Introduction-
1.1 Colon Targeting-
The oral route is considered to be most convenient for administration of drugs to patients. Oral administration of conventional dosage forms normally dissolves in the stomach fluid or intestinal fluid and absorb from these regions of the GIT depends upon the physicochemical properties of the drug. It is a serious drawback in conditions where localized delivery of the drugs in the colon is required or in conditions where a drug needs to be protected from the hostile environment of upper GIT. Dosage forms that deliver drugs into the colon rather than upper GIT offers number of advantages.
DEVELOPMENT OF DOMPERIDONE NASAL GEL USING NATURAL MUCOADHESIVE AGENT OBTAINED FROM THE FRUITS OF DELLINIA INDICA. L.
About Authors:
Dharmendra Kumar*, BhanuPriya, S.K Gupta
*Department of Pharmaceutical Technology,
Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology,
Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India, 250005
*rvnimiet@gmail.com
Abstract.
The aim of this research work was replaced the tablet or injection of Domperidone by using domperidone nasal gel forrmulations. In research, day to day newer novel drug delivery comes for various drugs nasal gel drug delivery system one of them. Purpose of this study is formulating a nasal gel of Domperidone by using natural mucoadhesive agent extract from Dellinia Indica. In vitro drug release study carried out by using Franz-diffusion cell and excised bovine nasal membrane,characterisation was also found to be better in comparison to the HPMC and carbapolsynthetic polymers. Dellinia indica has valuable properties as a mucoadhesive agent because it is considered to be biocompatible, biodegradable and non-toxic. In future nasal gel formulations replace tablet/injection of Domperidone.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF COLON DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM OF DICLOFENAC SODIUM
ABOUT AUTHORS:
A.Anil kumar, K.Surekha, M.Sujatha Kumari
Department of Pharmaceutics
Vikas college of pharmacy, Vissannapeta, 521215
*anilkumar.adi@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
The objective of the present study of Diclofenac sodium was to treat inflammatory bowel disease in colon. Treatment for IBD is a long term therapy the colon drug delivery system of Diclofenac sodium to the colon provides the following benefits. Avoidance of first pass metabolism, to target local site. The tablet formulation of Diclofenac sodium provides time controlled release to treat the nocturnal symptoms of pain in colon. The formulation is administered in the night at 10 pm the action will be start early morning 3’0 clock Symptoms that are experienced in early morning hours should be avoided to maintain the lag period of drug release 5hrs. To maintain lag time the best method is pulsein cap drug delivery system and it is high expensive, poor in vivo correlation. Due to cost effectiveness and poor in vivo correlation we preferred to target colon as tablet dosage form. In the present study, the polymer selected as Guargum. Granules were prepared by wet granulation technique using Guargum in different ratios (drug: polymer) FG1 (1:0.25), FG2(1:0.5), FG3(1:0.75), FG4(1:1), FG5(1:1.25). To perform the interaction studies by IR spectra studies. To study the influence of polymer concentration on the Diclofenac sodium release from tablets. The prepared tablets were evaluated for different physical parameters and dissolutions studies were performed in 3 dissolution mediums like 0.1N hydrochloric acid for 2hr, pH 7.4 for 3hr, pH 6.8 up to 24hrs. Among all these formulations FG4 formula (1:1) showed 98% up to 24 hrs drug release. The release mechanisms of all formulations are diffusion controlled conformed from higuchis plot, thus the present study concluded that drug and guar gum (1:1) ratio for fulfill to target local site for colon drug delivery system.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ATAZANAVIR SULPHATE FLOATING MATRIX TABLETS
ABOUT AUTHOR:
Swetha Kotla
Malla Reddy Institute Of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Hyderabad, AP, India
swetha.pharma12@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The study was aimed at formulation and evaluation of Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs). Using a taste masking polymer Eudragit E100, to mask the taste of a delivered drug i.e., Quetiapine Fumarate (QTF). Taste masking was done by solvent evaporation technique in absolute Ethanol as solvent system. Fast Disintegrating Tablets of QTF were prepared by using different techniques like Superdisintegrants addition method (Croscarmellose sodium (CCS), Sodium starch glycolate (SSG) and crospovidone (CP)), sublimation method (Camphor) and Effervescent formulation approach (sodiumbicarbonate+citrcacid). All the formulations were evaluated for flow properties, hardness, friability, content uniformity, wetting time, in vivo disintegration time (DT), release profiles. All the formulations showed satisfactory mechanical strength and other formulation parameters within the range. Dissolution parameters such as, Initial Dissolution Rate (IDR), Dissolution Efficiency (DE), Mean Dissolution Time (MDT) and Relative Dissolution Rate (RDR) were calculated. The optimized formula D5 prepared by using 10 % CP as a superdisintegrant and 12 % Camphor as subliming agent, which showed shortest DT (17 Sec) ( Q10= 88%, WT= 37Sec). The drug polymer complex was subjected to FTIR studies to understand the degree of interaction between drug and polymer. The dissolution parameters such as IDR, DE, RDR for the optimized formulation exhibited 1.8 fold increase when compared to marketed product. It can be concluded that the orally fast disintegrating tablets of QTF with better biopharmaceutical properties than conventional marketed tablet obtained using formula D5.
PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF RIVASTIGMINE NANOPARTICLES FOR TREATMENT OF DEMENTIA ASSOCIATED WITH ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
About Authors:
Bajaj L.*, Chopra D.1
*PCTE Institute of Pharmacy, Jhandey, Ludhiana-142021, Punjab, India.
1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Reasearch,
Punjabi University. Patiala.
*lotika.bajaj@gmail.com / lotika@pcte.edu.in
Abstract
Alzheimer’s Disease is a neuropathological disorder that causes dementia by progressively degenerating the neurons that are responsible for learning and memory processes. Rivastigmine has demonstrated favorable efficacy and safety in patients with dementia. Nanostructure mediated drug delivery enhances drug bioavailability, improves the timed release of drug molecules, and enables precision drug targeting. Because of its cationic charges, biocompatibility, and low toxicity, chitosan has been used as a vehicle system for genes, protein and drugs. The present study has been undertaken to investigate the targeted delivery of rivastigmine loaded chitosan nanoparticles in streptozotocin induced dementia in mice. Rivastigmine loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation method. The nanoparticles were evaluated for size, shape, zeta potential, microscopy, transmission electron microscopy. Drug-polymer compatibility was determined using differential scanning calorimetry. The amount of drug entrapped within the nanoparticles was determined spectrofluorometrically and in vitro drug release studies were done by spectrofluorometer. Morris Water Maze Test was used to evaluate in vivo activity of rivastigmine nanoparticles in mice. The mean hydrodynamic diameter of chitosan nanoparticles prepared was found to be 258 nm with positive zeta potential value of about 35.1 mV. The entrapment efficiency for various batches of rivastigmine nanoparticles showed a range of 42-84% w/w. Prolonged drug release was observed in case of chitosan nanoparticles. The best release pattern was seen in case of batch A with 1:1 drug : polymer ratio. Rivastigmineloaded Chitosan nanoparticles were found to be effective in STZ induced dementia in mice.
A REVIEW ON RECENT TRENDS IN ORAL DRUG DELIVERY- MOUTH DISSOLVING FORMULATION
ABOUT AUTHORS:
Manish Goswami, U.K.Singh, Rajat Kumar
Kharvel subharti college of pharmacy (swami Vivekanandsubharti University) Subhartipuram,
N.H-58, Meerut By Pass Road,
Meerut, uttarpradesh- 250001, India.
*manish.revosys88@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
The desire of improved palatability in orally administered products has prompted thedevelopment of numerous formulations with improved performance and acceptability. Mouth dissolving tablets (MDTs) have received ever-increasing demand during the last fewdecades, and the field has become a rapidly growing area in the pharmaceutical industry. Theunique property of mouth dissolving tablet is that they are rapidly disintegrating and/ordissolving and release the drug as soon as they come in contact with saliva, thus obviate therequirement of water during administration. this review also provides the detailed concept of some unique patents; technologiesdeveloped and marketed formulations of Mouth Dissolving Tablets(MDTs).The present investigation was undertaken with a view to develop mouth-dissolving tablets which offer a new range of product having desired characteristics and intended benefits. Mouth dissolving tablets are advantageous particularly for pediatric, geriatric and mentally ill patients who have difficulty in swallowing conventional tablets and capsules. The basic approach used in development of MDT is the use of super disintegrants like Crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose (Croscarmellose), Sodium starch glycolate (Primogel, Explotab). Polyvinylpyrrolidone (Polyplasdone) etc. whichprovide instantaneous disintegration of tablet after putting on tongue, thereby releasing the drug in saliva.
AN OVERVIEW: ON SUPERDISINTEGRANTS
ABOUT AUTHORS:
Rahul Tiwari*1, R.C. Jat1, Narendra Sharma1, Arvind Singh Rathore1
1Shri Ram College Of Pharmacy,
1Banmore, Morena, India -476444
*rt30022@gmail.com, arvindsingh.rathore21@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Disintegrants are substances or mixture of substances added to the drug formulation that facilitates the breakup or disintegration of tablet or capsule content into smaller particles that dissolve more rapidly than in the absence of disintegrants.In dosage forms, solid orals gain maximum popularities, about 85%, because of many advantages over others. The therapeutic activity of these formulations is obtained through a typical manner like disintegration followed by dissolution. Hence disintegration has major role for facilitating drug activity and thus gain popularity among other dosage forms. Superdisintegrants are generally used at a low level in the solid dosage form, typically 1- 10 % by weight relative to the total weight of the dosage unit. The present study comprises the various kinds of superdisintegrants which are being used in the formulation to provide the safer, effective drug delivery with patient's compliance. In this review article, more emphasis is given on application and usage of various superdisintegrants comparing with other disintegrants in reference to available scientific studies. The various sources of superdisintegrants and their modification to improve disintegration property are also high-lighted.
miRNAs A NOVEL TARGET FOR ANTICANCER THERAPY
ABOUT AUTHORS:
Ketan M. Parmar*, Ritesh N. Sharma
S.K.Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education & research,
Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry, GANPAT UNIVERSITY.
*brave_student_90@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
With the development of technologies to look at the expression levels of hundreds of miRNAs at a time and the clear role of miRNAs in cancers, groups began looking at miRNAs profiles of different cancers,especially the circulating miRNAs. We intended to make sure whether circulating miRNAs could be a promising biomarker of human cancers. Method: We comprehensively searched the Cochrane Library, Medline and EMbase from 1966 to Nov 2009 for the following terms: (“miRNA” or “microRNA”) and (“tumor” or “carcinoma”) and (“plasma” or “serum” or “circulating”). Detailed information was extracted from studies that met the inclusion criteria: blood-based miRNAs in human cancers and studies published in the English literature. Results: The current review show that different researches use different measurement methods which might impact the results;Cancers treatment might have an effect on circulating miRNAs; some miRNAs are multi-faceted RNA; small sample size might produce selection bias. Furthermore, because of the lack of randomized controlled trials and the heterogeneous nature of the available data, no attempt was made to perform quantitativemeta-analyses.
In this review, based on those researches, circulating miRNAs are promising and difficulties for their future application for diagnosing human cancers.
A SHORT REVIEW ON FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS - A NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
ABOUT AUTHORS:
Yedale A.D.*, Waghmare P.V, Kulkarni S.D., Bhusnure O.G., Bhalekar M.S.
Master of pharmacy, Department of Quality Assurance
Maharashtra College of Pharmacy, Nilanga, dist. Latur (MS) 413521, India
*ajayyedale03@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Recently, fast-dissolving drug delivery systems have started gaining popularity and acceptance as new drug delivery systems, because they are easy to administer and lead to better patient compliance. Usually, elderly people experience difficulty in swallowing the conventional dosage forms (tablets, capsules, solutions and suspensions) because of tremors of extremities and dysphasia. Fast-dissolving drug delivery systems may offer a solution for these problems. FDTs are those tablets which when placed in mouth get dissolved rapidly in saliva without the need of liquid and can be swallowed. The tablet is the most widely used dosage form because of its convenience in terms of self-administration, compactness, and ease in manufacturing. Fast disintegrating tablets are also known as Fast melting tablets, Orodispersible tablets, fast dissolving/dispersing tablets or melt in mouth tablets. This article reviews the potential benefits offered by FDTs as an oral drug delivery system for various kinds of patients suffering from different diseases and disabilities. Fast dissolving tablets have been formulated for pediatric, geriatric, and bedridden patients and for active patients who are busy and traveling and may not have access to water. Oral delivery is currently the gold standard in the pharmaceutical industry where it is regarded as the safest, most convenient and most economical method of drug delivery having the highest patient compliance. A number of FDDT products for human and veterinary administration are currently under development and the delivery of water soluble as well as lipophilic drug compounds. The excipients that are currently used as well as those that are expected to be used for the future development of improved FDTs are also discussed in this article.
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