Pharmaceutics Articles

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Mr. Kulkarni Sarang*,Birajdar Shivprasad M., Shaikh Parvej H., Dr. Poul B.N
Maharashtra College of Pharmacy, Nilanga, dist. Latur (MS) 413521, India
*sarangkulkarni342@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Oral route is the most preferred route for administration of various drugs because it is regarded as safest, most convenient and economical route. Recently researcher developed the fast disintegrating tablets with improved patient compliance and convenience. Fast disintegrating tablets are solid dosage forms which dissolve rapidly in saliva without chewing and additional water. Fast disintegrating tablets overcome the disadvantages of conventional dosage form especially dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing) in paediatric and geriatric patients. Natural materials have advantages over synthetic ones since they are chemically inert, nontoxic, less expensive, biodegradable and widely available. They can also be modified in different ways to obtain tailor- made materials for drug delivery systems and thus can compete with the available synthetic excipients. With the increasing interest in polymers of natural origin, the pharmaceutical world has compliance to use most of them in their formulations. The natural superdisintegrants can be used instead of synthetic superdisintegrants as they showed equal disintegrating property as that of synthetic agents or dispersible tablets.

About Authors:
Chandan bisht^1*, Dr.Jagannath sahoo², Dr.M.Irfan Khan^3
1,2 Shri Ram Murti Smarak college of Eng. & Tech( department of pharmacy) Bareilly.
³ Deccan Healthcare pvt. Ltd. Pantnagar industrial area
*chandanbisht2011@gmail.com

Abstract:
Mouth dissolving tablets (MDT) are useful in patients, such as pediatric, geriatric, bedridden, or developmentally disabled, who may face difficulty in swallowing conventional tablets or capsules and liquid orals or syrup, leading to ineffective therapy, with persistent nausea, sudden episodes of allergic attack, or coughing for those who have an active life style. Over the past three decades, mouth dissolving tablets have gained considerable attention as a preferred alternative to conventional tablets and capsules due to better patient compliance The objective of this article is to review the development of MDTs, challenges in formulation,  benefit, limitation ,new MDT technologies and evaluation methodologies.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Dr. N.V. Satheesh Madhav, Girish Dwivedi^*
Dehradun Institute of Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy
Village Makkawala, Mussoorie Diversion Road,
Dehradun-248009
^*Girish10.dwivedi@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT
Pulmonary route of drug delivery gaining much importance in the present day research field as it enables to target the drug delivery directly to lung both for site specific and systemic treatment. The review is prepared with an aim to discuss about the technical, physiological, and efficacy aspects of the novel pulmonary route of drug targeting and different delivery devices such as metered dose inhalers (MDI), dry powder inhalers (DPI), nebulizers, etc. The review also focuses on the mechanisms of pulmonary drug administration along with compatibility of the excipients employed, devices used, techniques of particulate dosage production, evaluation and advancements in the pulmonary drug delivery. It can be concluded from whole study that different pulmonary delivery system possesses certain specificity for dosage formulations and serves as an important tool to deliver drugs to the target site.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Mohit kumar*, Vishal Sachdeva,
Seth G. L. Bihani S. D. College of Technical Education,
Sri Ganganagar (RAJASTHAN) 335001, INDIA
*mohigarg30@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
A well drafted application decides the fate of an invention. Drafting plays a vital role in the success of an invention during its prosecution, management and maintenance during its tenure and turning it into cash. Drafting a patent application is one of the most important and at the same time one of the most difficult process. The applicant or his agent should so draft a patent application that it is granted with an adequate scope or ambit so as to fully serve the business purpose(s) for which the patent is meant to be used. It is here that the importance of drafting the claims in a patent must be fully appreciated, as the drafting of claims must always be done with a clear focus on the exact business needs that are sought to be served by it. That is, a business strategy perspective must inform the thinking of the one who takes up the task of drafting the patent claims. The ultimate purpose of every business strategy is to ensure that a business makes the desired amount of profit to justify the risks taken in making the investments of resources and time. Similarly, the purpose of drafting claims should be to fully serve the business strategy at hand. Even so, only a small number of well drafted patents are actually used by businesses to help them to make or safeguard their profits. (Swarbrick James, 2007).

ABOUT AUTHORS:
P.PRATHYUSHA*
Department of Pharmaceutics,
Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical and Educational Research,
Anantapur, A.P, India.
* prathyusha2012@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
In the present investigation, an attempt was made to formulate the Oral Controlled Release Matrix Tablets of Glibenclamide in order to improve efficacy, reduce the frequency of administration, reduce dose related side effects and better patient compliance. Four formulations were prepared by wet granulation method using Ethyl cellulose and as a polymer in the ratio of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4 and Conventional Tablets by using  Starch mucilage as a granulating agent. The formulated granules showed satisfactory flow properties. All the tablets formulation showed acceptable pharmaco technical properties and complied with pharmacopoeial standards. The tablets were evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability, drug content and invitro dissolution studies. In- vitro release studies were carried out at pH1.2 for first 2 hrs followed by phosphate buffer at pH7.4 over a period of 12hrs using USP dissolution apparatus. F3 shows good initial release of 25.2% in 1 hr and may extend release of 96.8% in 12 hrs. Different release models like zero order, first order, higuchi, Hixson-Crowell and krosmeyer-peppas were applied to invitro drug release data in order to evaluate the drug release mechanisms and kinetics. Formulated matrix tablets were compared with conventional and marketed (diaonil 5mg) formulations. Matrix tablets with optimum concentration of Ethyl cellulose were successfully developed and evaluated.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
DEVENDRA SINGH¹*, PANKAJ KUMAR SHARMA¹, ROOHI KESHARWANI², Dr. UDAI VIR SINGH SARA^1
1Raj kumar goel institute of technology, Delhi-Meerut Road, Ghaziabad, India
²Chandra shekhar singh college of pharmacy, Kaushambi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
* devendrasingh.pisces@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Oral administration still dominates drug therapy and more than 60 % of marketed drugs are oral products. This type of drug administration is preferred due to its convenience, high patient compliance, less stringent production conditions and lower costs. Unfortunately, this traditional drug delivery method has its limitations, due to gastrointestinal permeability, metabolism and elimination of drugs by the liver or gastrointestinal mucosa (first-pass effect). The main drawback of the oral route is that only those compounds that are stable in the gastrointestinal tract can be administered in this way. For this reason, the oral route has been used for mainly non-peptide drugs. Delivery of a drug by oral route is predominantly restricted by pre-systemic degradation and poor penetration across the gut wall. The major challenge in the oral drug delivery is the development of novel dosage forms to endorse absorption of poorly permeable drugs across the intestinal epithelium. In this article we reviewed the various permeation enhancers, histology of small intestine, barriers, application, advantages, some basic permeability enhancement techniques which are useful for enhancing the permeability of poorly permeable drugs