BABY TOILETRIES : A SHORT EXPLANATION

The constantly increasing sales volume of baby toiletries in the overall cosmetic market indicates their relative importance to the consumer, manufacturer, retailer and pediatrician. These products include:

Baby Oils
Baby Lotions
Baby Creams
Baby Powders
Baby Shampoos

Baby Oils:-
These are used to provide emollient and soothing effect on baby skin.

Formulation for Baby Oil - The principle ingredient of baby oil is light mineral oil, with addition of other derivatives. Antiseptics, antioxidants and perfume oils are generally added with desired formula.

Formula-
Rx
Light mineral oil -73.857 %
Vegetable oil -25 %
Hexachlorophene -1 %
Antioxidant -0.05 %
Perfume -8.10 %

Process of Manufacturing– Dissolve the hexachlorophene in the part of the mineral oil by heating to 65°. Add the remaining ingredients (except perfume) and cool to room temperature under constant stirring. Add the perfume oils. Filter, clear and fill.

Baby Lotions:-
Lotions are fluid preparations for external applications without friction.

Baby lotions are used for cleaning the diaper area and applying an emollient material to the skin is in the form of a lotion emulsion for lubrication.

Baby lotions are of two types:-
1) Oil in water type – the oil in water type usually contains more water than the corresponding creams.
2) Water in oil type

Formulation for baby lotion- Baby lotions are formulated with three types of emulsifiers. These are as following-
1) Anionic 2) Cationic 3) Non ionic
Combination of these can be also used like nonionic – anionic, and nonionic – cationic.

The nonionic and nonionic – cationic emulsions have the advantages over other types of formulation which contain to the acidic pHof normal skin. The emollients, antiseptics and other additives also used.

Formula for baby lotions, oil / water nonionic type-

Lanolin- 1 %

Cetyl alcohol - 1 %

Tween 80- 4.9 %

Velvasil silicone fluid 1000- 5 %

Mineral oil, light- 35 %

Propyl paraben- 0.15 %

Water- 50.60 %

Perfume- 0.1 %

Formula for oil in water non ionic-cationic type-

Lanolin- 2 %

Mineral oil, light- 2 %

Tegin - 6 %

Part- B

Methyl paraben- 0.15 %

Sorbitol - 2 %

Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide- 0.16 %

Water - 87.59 %

Perfume - q.s

Baby Creams:-
"These products are used when a greater degree of emollient and lubricant is desired. The creams find greatest use in area requiring more effective skin softening and protection particular following daily bath.

These are of two types
1. Oil in water
2. Water in oil

Formulation for baby Creams- These creams also formulated as antiseptic baby cream by incorpated 0.5 – 1 % of chlorinated bis-phenol, cationic ammonium, pyridenium and morpholinium cpd. May be added in 0.1 – 0.25%.

Baby Powders:-
Baby powders are used principally as lubricants in skin folds to absorbs perspiration are relieve prickly heat and to impart clean, pleasant fragrance to the baby.

Formulation for baby powder-
1. Optimum range of particle size for baby powder is 15- 40µ. Talc as on natural hydrous magnesium silicates is most important ingredients of body powder. It is used because it has excellent slip character and good adhesion to the skin.

2. The addition of 3-5 % of zinc and magnesium stearate improves the water repellant properties of the water. These metallic stearates provide smoothness and greater adherence.

3. Excellent emollient offers may be obtained with incorporation of stearyl alcohol in 0.5 – 1.5 % concentration.

4. Colloidal lanolin, hydrated aluminium silicate can also be used. undrrcylenates have been used in baby powder for their anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties. These also increase water repellency of tlc- starches are used with 0.005%.

5. Perfumes used in baby powder should be dermatologically and should be used only when these meet dermatological requirements.

Formula for Baby powder-

Talc 97.25 %

Lithium stearate 2.5 %

Perfume 4.95 %

Baby Shampoos:-
These are used for washing baby hair but baby scalp is more popular.

Formulation- For baby shampoo, non- irritating surfactants have to be selected amphoteric, imidazole derivative, fatty sulphonamides esters and amides are known to be almost non- irritant surfactants. Imidazoline are often combined with ethoxylated, sorbitates or mannitol ester to give stay free formulations.

Formula for baby shampoo-

Tridecyl ether sulphate salt 4.4 to 65 % 8.0 %

Polyoxyethylene (100) sorbitan monolaonate 7.0 %

3- cocaamidapropyl-dimethyl 1-betaine 30 % 15.0 %

Water 100ml

Preservatives q.s.

References:
1. Thomas Pat, “Healthy, Happy Baby”, First Edition-2008, Pan Macmillan Publication, Page No-73.

2. Balsam Marvin S., Sagarin Edward, “Cosmetics Science And Technology”, Second Edition Volume I, Page No-115.

3. Internet and College Notes

About Authors:
Piyush Tripathi*, Rahul Sharma
Kota College of Pharmacy,
Kota (Rajasthan)
piyushtripathi1992@rediffmail.com

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