You are herePHARMACODYNAMIC INTERACTION OF FENUGREEK LEAVES EXTRACT WITH FLUVASTATIN IN DIABETES INDUCED VASCULAR DYSFUNCTION
PHARMACODYNAMIC INTERACTION OF FENUGREEK LEAVES EXTRACT WITH FLUVASTATIN IN DIABETES INDUCED VASCULAR DYSFUNCTION
EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS:
Isolated Rat Aortic ring preparation:
The rat aortic preparations were isolated, mounted in a temperature controlled tissue/organ bath and suspended in K-H solution that was aerated with carbogen gas so as to maintain the isolated tissues in a physiological state i.e. in a viable state during the experimental period.Thus using the tissue /organ bath the necessary physiological warmth is provided to the tissue even after isolation from the animal while the K-H solution is used to provide the essential medium containing the various ions, buffer, energy source etc. but also to supply oxygen requirements to the isolated tissue.
RESULTS:
Table-1.Effect of FLEt and its combination with Oral Hypoglycemic Agents on OGTT in Normal rats:
|
TIME |
FBS |
0 min |
30 min |
60min |
120 min |
|
NC |
84±1.1 |
103 .1±1.5
|
120.6±0.8 (↑16%) |
114 .71 ±1.5 (↑10%) |
86 .2± 0.6 (↓17%) |
|
DC |
205±2.5 |
214± 1.4
|
289 ±2.6 (↑35%) |
288.3 ±3.0 (↑34.5%) |
285.4±2.1 (↑33%) |
|
FLEt |
86.3 ±1.20 |
91 .33± 1.0
|
108.12± 4.1 (↑18.68%) |
104.42±1.9 (↑14%)a |
88 .90±0.8 (↓4%)a |
|
P |
85.6 ±1.20 |
93 .04 ±1.2
|
120.1±3.4 (↑29%) |
112.33±1.6 (↑20%)c |
80.8 ±2.8 (↓3%)a |
|
G |
88.20 ±0.57 |
90.3 ±1.2
|
116.66 ±3.1 (↑28.8%) |
102.12±0.6 (↑13%)a |
84.99±0.5 (↓6%)a |
|
P+G |
89. 07 ±0.5
|
90.33± 0.5
|
106 ±0.5 (↑17.7%) |
99 ±0.8 (↑9%)a |
70.22± 0.9 (↓23%)a |
|
P+ FLEt |
86.1 ±0.5
|
90.32±0.88
|
110.9±0.9 ( ↑20%) |
102 ±1.8 (↑15%)b |
85.77± 0.8 (↓5.1% )a |
|
G+ FLEt |
82.66± 0.3 |
86.66± 1.7
|
102.8±3.8 (↑15.9%) |
96± 2.2 (↑11.6%)a |
82.1± 0.7 (↓5%)a |
All values are mean ± SEM, n=6,a P<0.001, bP<0.01, cP<0.05 when compared to normal control group.
Table-2. Effect of FLEt and its combination with Oral Hypoglycemic Agents on OGTT in Diabetic rats:
|
TIME |
FBS |
0 min |
30 min |
60min |
120 min |
|
NC |
89.26 ±1.2 |
98.34± 1.9
|
104.1 ±2.0 (↑6%) |
112.90± 0.9 (↑15.3%) |
90.21± 2.1 (↑2.8%) |
|
DC |
188.06±3.9 |
212.11 ±0.8
|
249.2± 0.8 (↑17.5%)
|
298.14 ±0.8 (↑40%) |
306.3±0.1 (↑44%) |
|
FLEt |
179.26 ±0.7 |
189.22±1.5
|
208.9± 3.3 (↑10.4%)b |
222 ±1.2 (↑17%)a |
186.1±1.7 (↓2%)a |
|
P |
184.43± 0.4 |
201.66 ±1.2
|
236.67 ±3.2 (↑17.4%)c |
257.45 ±4.1 (↑27%)c |
212.7±5.0 (↑5.5%)b |
|
G |
197.26±0.9 |
203.67±2.1
|
229.88±2.4 (↑12.56%)b |
243.5±4.3 (↑20%)a |
180±2.9 (↓12.4%)a |
|
P+G |
168.8.±0.5
|
174.29±2.3
|
198.74±0.8 (↑8%)c
|
208±1.9 (↑19%)a |
143.1±1.8 (↓18%)a |
|
P+ FLEt |
170.14±1.9 |
190.2±3.9 (↑11%) |
211.67±4.0 (↑11%)c |
248.15±2.8 (↑30%)c |
194.8±1.8 (↑14%)b |
|
G+ FLEt |
182.88±1.5
|
189.12±1.7
|
209.37±2.2 (↑3%)b
|
219.76±2.1 ( ↑15%)a |
187.4±0.6 (↓2%) |
All values are mean ± SEM, n=6,a P<0.001, bP<0.01, cP<0.05 when compared to diabetic control group.
Table 3: Effect of FLEt and its combination with Oral Hypoglycemics on Blood Glucose (mg/dl)
|
Groups |
0th day |
15th day |
30th day |
45th day |
60th day |
75th day |
||||||
|
NC |
|
124±0.8 |
123.2±0.12 |
126±0.24 |
128±0.5 |
122±0.5 |
123±0.8 |
|||||
|
DC |
|
265±0.5 |
273.5±0.2 |
291.8±0.9 |
332.8±0.4 |
395.2±0.5 |
418±0.4 |
|||||
|
FLEt |
|
241±0.1 |
248.4±0.8b |
235.8±0.5b |
228.4±0.6b |
219.4±0.5b |
139±0.9a |
|||||
|
P |
|
245±0.8 |
252.5±0.5c |
241.2±1.8c |
234.6±0.8c |
225.8±0.6c |
148±0.7a |
|||||
|
G |
|
270±0.5 |
261±0.6c |
248.1±2.3c |
224.7±0.4c |
194.4±0.4c |
143±0.4a |
|||||
|
P+G |
|
241±0.5 |
222.8±1.7a |
202.5±0.7a |
161.1±0.5a |
89.1±0.5a |
- |
|||||
|
P+FLEt |
|
251±0.7 |
237.8±0.5b |
228.6±1.2b |
218.8±0.5b |
183.5±1.5b |
137±0.1a |
|||||
|
G+FLEt |
|
262±0.6 |
244±0.4a |
229.4±0.8b |
194.7±0.6a |
164.7±0.8a |
131±0.1a |
|||||
FLEt:- Fenugreek leaves exteact.
All values are mean ± SEM, n=6,a P<0.001, bP<0.01, cP<0.05 when compared to diabetic control group
Table:4 Comparison of relaxant responses in treated groups:
|
TREATMENT |
Percentage relaxant response to |
SNP |
||
|
ACETYLCHOLINE |
||||
|
0.1 (µM) |
0.3 (µM) |
(1.0 µM) |
||
|
NORMAL Mean SEM |
28.35 ±3.458 |
32.37 ±3.876 |
56.56 ±4.467 |
101.00 ±1.98 |
|
DIABETIC Mean ±SEM |
9.07 ±2.345 |
14.76 ±3.234 |
20.67 ±4.778 |
103.00 ±2.87 |
|
FLEt Mean ±SEM |
17.61b ±0.253 |
21.45b ±0.773 |
24.88b ±0.197 |
105.00 ±3.12 |
|
PIO Mean ±SEM |
12.82c ±0.287 |
16.52c ±0.545 |
20.01c ±0.345 |
102.00 ±1.87 |
|
GLIP Mean ±SEM |
15.54c ±0.548 |
17.64c ±0.550 |
22.98c ±0.791 |
101.00 ±2.34 |
|
PIO+GLIP Mean ±SEM |
16.21b ±0.454 |
22.81b ±0.657 |
35.87b ±0.965 |
103.00 ±3.05 |
|
FLEt+PIO Mean ±SEM |
15.20b ±0.505 |
27.60b ±0.724 |
37.98b ±0.876 |
101.00 ±1.05 |
|
FLEt+GLIP Mean ±SEM |
16.43b ±0.327 |
25.70b ±0.479 |
34.76b ±0.876 |
103.98 ±3.76 |
|
FLEt+FLU Mean ±SEM |
14.54a ±0.347 |
24.74a ±0.733 |
36.34a ±0.879 |
101.00 ±1.89 |
|
P+FLU Mean ±SEM |
12.86a ±0.291 |
20.87a ±0.539 |
32.90a ±0.678 |
103.00 ±2.67 |
|
G+FLU Mean ±SEM |
14.70a ±0.305 |
23.53a ±0.783 |
38.57a ±0.375 |
102.00 ±2.23 |
All values are mean ± SEM, n=6,a P<0.001, bP<0.01, cP<0.05 when compared to diabetic control group
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