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  • Effect of HPMC On Carbamazepine Nasal Mucoadhesive Microspheres: Preparation And Evaluation

    About Author: Imran A. Kayyum. Tadwee1*, Sadhana Shahi1, Mahesh Thube1
    Government College of Pharmacy,
    Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India

    Reference ID: PHARMATUTOR-ART-1051

    Abstract
    The object of this work is to formulate & observe the effect of HPMC K15 polymer on various parameters of evaluation of carbamazepine nasal mucoadhesive microspheres. The microspheres are prepared by spray drying technique with different formulation composition of HPMC K15. The microspheres obtained are meant for the evaluation for its production yield, particle size, swelling ability, Drug content, encapsulation efficiency and Invitro drug release study. IR, TLC study is performed for drug Polymer interaction study of the optimized batch. Morphology is studied be SEM. The results obtain shows that the release rate of the drug decreases and particle size, production yield, swelling index, encapsulation efficiency, mucoadhesion is increases with increase in drug: polymer ratio. TLC study shows no interaction of Carbamazepine and HPMC. SEM study reveals the encapsulation of drug in the HPMC K15 Polymer. The data obtained after Invitro release study fitted to PCP disso software for mechanism of release & kinetic model. The data also treated with design expert software v 7.1 it shows the model is significant. Overall it shows that the polymer HPMC does not posses any interaction with the carbamazepine and showing controlled drug release behavior.

  • Co-processed excipients: an overview of formulation aspects, physical characteristics and role as a pharmaceutical-aid

    About Authors: Biswajit Panda1*, Abhinav Raoot1, Vaishali Kilor1, Nidhi Sapkal2
    Dept of Pharmaceutics1 and Dept of Pharmaceutical Chemistry2
    Gurunanak College of Pharmacy, Nagpur

    Reference ID: PHARMATUTOR-ART-1049

    Abstract
    Excipients are all substances contained in a dosage form other than the active substance. Tablets are the most commonly used dosage form because of the ease of manufacturing, convenience in administration, accurate dosing and stability compared to oral liquids and direct compression is the preferred method for the preparation of tablets because of several advantages. In order to justify the high rise in new drug development and high industrial output demand, new excipients with purpose satisfying characteristics are the need of the hour.New combinations of existing excipients are an interesting option for improving excipient functionality now-a-days. The current review article is prepared to have a look over the recent development in excipient technology and the approaches involved in development of such excipients. It signifies the synergistic outcome of the combination of excipients taking their material property into consideration. It also emphasises on the particular material properties in terms of physic-mechanical that are useful to overcome the limitation of existing excipients. All the developed co-processed excipients are enlisted highlighting their multi-functional and beneficial characteristics. Regulatory issues concerned with the development of new excipient are also discussed.

  • Medicated Chewing Gum: A Review

    About Authors: Bindi G. Chavda1 ,Vipul P. Patel2, Tushar R. Desai3,
    1. Authour, R.K. College of Pharmacy, Kasturbadham, Rajkot.
    2. Assistant professor (M.Pharm), R.K. College of Pharmacy, Kasturbadham, Rajkot.
    3. Principal (Ph.D), Department of pharmacology, R.K. College of Pharmacy, Kasturbadham, Rajkot.

    Reference ID: PHARMATUTOR-ART-1047

    ABSTRACT
    Chewing gums are mobile drug delivery systems. It is a potentially useful means of administering drugs either locally or systemically via, the oral cavity. The medicated chewing gum has through the years gained increasing acceptance as a drug delivery system. Several ingredients are now incorporated in medicated chewing gum, e.g. Fluoride for prophylaxis of dental caries, chlorhexidine as local disinfectant, nicotine for smoking cessation, aspirin as an analgesic, and caffeine as a stay alert preparation. In addition, a large number of chewing gum intended for prevention of caries, xerostomia alleviation, and vitamin/ mineral supplementation are currently available. Medicated chewing gums are solid, single dose preparations with a base consisting mainly of gums that are intended to be chewed but not swallowed. Today improved technology and extended know how have made it possible to develop and manufacture medicated chewing gum with predefined properties. Consequently today chewing gum is a convenient drug delivery system, which is appropriate for a wide range of active substances.

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  • PAEDIATRIC FORMULATIONS OR EXTEMPORANEOUS DOSAGE FORM FOR ORAL LIQUIDS

    About Author: Riddhi M. Katira1, Vipul P. Patel3, Tushar R. Desai4
    1. Authour, R.K. College of Pharmacy, Kasturbadham, Rajkot.
    2. Assistant professor, Department of pharmaceutics, R.K. College of Pharmacy, Kasturbadham, Rajkot.
    3. Principal, Department of pharmacology, R.K. College of Pharmacy, Kasturbadham, Rajkot.

    ABSTRACT
    Appropriate for use in this population. These drugs may be prepared extemporaneously for use in individual patients. Physical and chemical properties of drugs and excipients should be considered when preparing extemporaneous formulations. These formulations, however, may lack studies to document stability, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, efficacy, and tolerability.

  • Niosome: A Magic Targeted Drug Delivery System

    About Author: DEVANG V. PATEL*, Manju Misra
    M.S.(PHARM.) PHARMACEUTICS
    NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH (NIPER), AHMEDABAD.

    Abstract
    Drug targeting is the ability to direct a therapeutic agent specifically to desired site of action with little or no interaction with nontarget tissue. Niosomes are one of the best carriers for drug targeting. Niosomes (non-ionic surfactant vesicles) are microscopic lamellar structures formed on admixture of non-ionic surfactant of the alkyl or dialkyl polyglycerol ether class and cholesterol with subsequent hydration in aqueous media. Niosomes are biodegradable, relatively nontoxic, more stable and inexpensive, an alternative to liposomes. Niosomes can be SUV (Small Unilamellar Vesicles), MLV (Multilamellr Vesicles) or LUV (Large Unilamellar Vesicles). The method of preparation of niosome is the based on liposome technology. The basic process of preparation is the same i.e. hydration of the lipid phase by aqueous phase. After preparing niosomal dispersion, unentrapped drug is separated by dialysis, centrifugation or gel filtration. Niosomes are characterized by vesicle size, bilayer formation, number of lamellae, membrane rigidity and entrapment efficiency. A method of in-vitro release rate study includes the use of dialysis tubing. Niosomal drug delivery is potentially applicable to many pharmacological agents for their action against various diseases including cancer and leishmaniasis.

  • PHARMACEUTICAL WASTE or SCRAP MANAGEMENT

    About Authors: Rakesh Verma
    Seth G.L. Bihani S.D. college ,
    sri ganganagar

    1. Introduction
    The discovery of a variety of pharmaceuticals in surface, ground, and drinking waters around the country is raising concerns about the potentially adverse environmental consequences of these contaminants. Minute concentrations of chemicals known as endocrine disruptors, some of which are pharmaceuticals, are having detrimental effects on aquatic species and possibly on human health and development.

  • Formulation, Development and Evaluation of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride Soft Gel for Oral Administration

    About Author: Alka Lohani
    M.Pharm (Pharmaceutics)
    department of pharmaceutical sciences bhimtal campus
    kumaun university nainital

    Abstract:
    Inconvenience of administration and patient compliance are gaining significant importance in the design of dosage forms. Difficulty in swallowing (dysphagia) is common among all age groups, especially in elderly and pediatrics. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride is an orally administered antibacterial agent. The objective of this study was to develop ciprofloxacin hydrochloride soft gel using sodium alginate as a gelling agent and sodium citrate as a source of cation. Gels are formed by aggregation of polymers with minimum two components; the gelling agent and the fluid component.  Different batches were prepared using three different concentrations of sodium alginate (0.1, 0.4, and 0.8%). The consistency of sodium alginate gel was dependent on the concentration of, sodium alginate, sodium citrate and co-solute. The results of dissolution study of soft gel F3 containing 0.4% sodium alginate and 0.3% sodium citrate revealed that Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride was 85% released in 45 min. and possessed acceptable sensory characteristics when evaluated by human volunteers. Short term stability study carried out for four weeks at different temperatures (0°C and room temperature) showed no considerable changes in performance characteristics of developed optimized formulation.

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  • Overview and Information of BENFOTIAMINE

    About Author: Sayani Chakrabarti
    M.Pharm in Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    SIPS, Jharpokharia
    Mayurbhanj-757086
    Orissa

    ABSTRACT
    Benfotiamine (rINN, or S-benzoylthiamine O-monophoshate) is a synthetic S-acyl derivative of thiamine (vitamin B1). It has potential anti oxidant effect. A three-armed, randomized, multicentre, placebo-controlled double-blind study was used to examine the efficacy of benfotiamine vs a combination containing benfotiamine and vitamins B6 and B12 in out-patients with severe symptoms of alcoholic polyneuropathy (Benfotiamine in treatment of Alcoholic Polyneuropathy. BAP I). The study period was 8 weeks and 84 patients fulfilled all the prerequisite criteria and completed the study as planned. Benfotiamine led to significant improvement of alcoholic polyneuropathy. Vibration perception (measured at the tip of the great toe) significantly improved in the course of the study, as did motor function, and the overall score reflecting the entire range of symptoms of alcoholic polyneuropathy. A tendency toward improvement was evident for pain and co-ordination, no therapy-specific adverse effects were seen.

  • RECENT TRENDS IN INSULIN DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

    About Authors: Ms.Komal  R. Nikam (B.Pharmacy), Mr.Mahendra G. Pawar (B.Pharmacy), Mr. Kishor S. Salunkhe (M.Pharm,PhD), Mr.Devidas G.Bachhav(M.Pharm)
    Amrutvahini college of pharmacy,Sangamner.(Pune University)

    Abstract:
    The demand for novel drug delivery technologies is ever increasing. These drug delivery technologies includes oral, transdermal, inhalation and parenteral. The main goal for the delivery of any drug therapy is oral administration with once or twice daily dosing. However, there are large numbers of therapies, particularly protein-based, gene-based vaccine-based that cannot be delivered by this route for example insulin, growth hormones and other similar biologicals.
    The pitfalls of needle-based injections are well known. Psychological resistances to self-injection or needle-phobia have been documented across large demographic groups, such as diabetics. The result of this phobia is that many outpatient injectables are dosed sub-optimally. Furthermore, awareness of serious problems has caused physicians and their patients to either delay therapy initiation or seek out less-invasive alternatives, even at some cost to clinical effectiveness.
    For some, especially those suffering from chronic diseases requiring injectable products two or three times a day, this process is an ongoing reality of daily life for example diabetics-accepted, but always with the hope that something new will replace the ritual of needle insertion. To overcome the problems related to needle based injections, there is one technology that has received considerable attention during the past few years and that offers all of the sought after benefits is—Needle Free Injection Technology (NFIT).

  • Stress Induced Method Development and Validation of Olmesartan in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form by UV Spectrometric Method

    About Authors: 1Arun Kumar Dash*, 2Amitesh Palo,
    1. Royal College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Berhampur.
    2. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mohuda, Berhampur

    ABSTRACT
    A simple method for the estimation of Olmesartan in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms has been developed. Methanol was chosen as the solvent system. The λmax was found to be 257nm and all absorbance values were carried out at 257nm. The responses were linear in the range of 5-35µg/ml. The regression equation of the calibration graph and correlation coefficient were found to be y = 0.049x + 0.007 and 0.999 respectively. The %RSD values for both intraday and interday precision were less than 1%. The recovery of the drug from the sample was ranged between 99.36 and 100.49%. The proposed method was validated for precision, accuracy, intraday, interday assay, robustness and ruggedness. Commercial tablets containing 20mg and 40mg of Olmesartan were analyzed by the proposed method and the results were well within the claimed limits. Furthermore stability studies of Olmesartan were carried out under acidic, alkaline, hydrolytic and photolytic conditions as per SIAM (Stability Indicating Assay Methods).

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